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1、 1 / 36 2015-7-8別再反復(fù)背誦了！有效的記憶方式應(yīng)該是 別再反復(fù)背誦了！有效的記憶方式應(yīng)該是...Repetition Doesn't Work: Better Ways to Train Your Memory比簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)更有效的記單詞方法 比簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)更有效的記單詞方法A team of scientists recently discovered that repetition is a terrible

2、way to memorize information — and their findings highlight much better strategies.一組科學(xué)家最近發(fā)現(xiàn)重復(fù)記憶是一種很糟的記憶方式，他們的研究強(qiáng)調(diào)從策略上找出更好的記憶方式。A new study published in Learning and Memory found that simple repetition interferes with the

3、 ability to learn new information, especially when it is similar to a set of familiar facts. This may mean that memorizing facts about an issue through repetition could interfere with the ability to remember a more nuanc

4、ed version of the same issue later on.一項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《學(xué)習(xí)和記憶》雜志上的新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，簡(jiǎn)單的重復(fù)性記憶方式干擾學(xué)習(xí)新信息的能力，尤其是記憶一組類似熟悉的事實(shí)。通過(guò)反復(fù)重復(fù)的方式記住的東西可能會(huì)干擾對(duì)同一問(wèn)題的更加具體版本的記憶能力。In study, subjects said a list of objects either one or three times. Later on, in the

5、recall phase, another set of similar objects (“l(fā)ures“) was snuck in. Those who had seen objects multiple times better recalled the original objects but had a harder time distinguishing the lures. In other words, their me

6、mories were stronger but less precise. Over the long run, repetition can be a false temptress, making us think we've learned something when we really haven't.在研究中，讓參與者對(duì)一個(gè)單詞列表重復(fù)記一遍或者三遍。在接下來(lái)的回憶階段，在單詞表里添加了一個(gè)相似的單詞（“魚

7、餌”）。記過(guò)幾遍單詞列表的人對(duì)原單詞列表的記憶頗深，但很難注意到細(xì)微的區(qū)別。也就是說(shuō)，他們的記憶雖深但不夠精確。從長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看，重復(fù)性記憶很可能會(huì)造成假象：我們以為已經(jīng)記住的東西其實(shí)并沒(méi)有記住。Here are a few tips for better memory:這里有幾個(gè)記憶小竅門：Not all repetition is bad. It's more accurate to say that cramming is in

8、effective. “The better idea is to space repetition. Practice a little bit one day, then put your flashcards away, then take them out the next day, then 3 / 36 2015-7-8will ultimately depend on your schedule.我曾經(jīng)試驗(yàn)在讀過(guò)材料

9、一小時(shí)后回想一下讀過(guò)的內(nèi)容，接著，在健身房的時(shí)候再回想一下讀過(guò)的內(nèi)容，試著回想三天前、一周前、一個(gè)月前讀過(guò)的內(nèi)容。最佳間隔時(shí)間段最終要按閱讀進(jìn)度進(jìn)行分段記憶。Use Loci使用位置記憶法/軌跡法The ancient granddaddy of advanced memory techniques is the method of Loci, which involves placing objects in sequential o

10、rder in a mentally constructed (imaginary) world. The most famous memory man of all time, Solomon Shereshevsky, who could recall sets of random numbers years later, used to imagine himself placing objects near buildings.

11、古代老祖宗使用的高級(jí)記憶法就是位置記憶法/軌跡法，其中包括記憶對(duì)象的排列順序和虛構(gòu)的空間想象結(jié)構(gòu)。最著名的記憶高人所羅門·舍雷舍夫斯基，他通過(guò)想象自己在建筑物周圍放置物品，可以將隨機(jī)的數(shù)字組合記憶好幾年。World Memory Champion Dominic O'Brien gives practical tips about developing one's own Loci method. O'

12、Brien advocates using Loci places of familiarity, like the walk down a familiar neighborhood block or location within your own home. So, for instance, if you want to memorize the words “Duck, “ “Car, “ and “Boat, “ you m

13、ight imagine placing a duck on the living room floor, a car in the bathroom, and a boat on the patio. For more complicated tasks, it might help to link them together, like imagining a giant duck walking to a car in the b

14、athroom.世界記憶冠軍多米尼克·奧布賴恩就如何用軌跡記憶法開發(fā)自己驚人的記憶力給出幾點(diǎn)實(shí)用技巧。奧布賴恩提倡使用軌跡記憶法從熟悉的地方入手開始記憶，從如同自家小區(qū)里那樣熟悉的地方開始進(jìn)行記憶。所以，例如，如果你想記住“鴨”、“車”、“船”這幾個(gè)單詞（“Duck,“ “Car,“ and “Boat”），你就想象把一只鴨子在客廳地板上的場(chǎng)景，一輛汽車在浴室的場(chǎng)景、一艘船在院子里的場(chǎng)景。這樣的記憶法有助于把較為復(fù)雜難記的東西