基于FGB法的船體曲面外板焊接變形預(yù)測(cè)研究.pdf

1、摘要I摘要FGB法（柔性玻璃纖維熱固焊劑襯墊焊接）是近年來(lái)從日韓引入國(guó)內(nèi)的高效焊接工藝，主要應(yīng)用于曲面鋼板的拼接以及船體建造中船臺(tái)合攏階段甲板、內(nèi)底板大焊縫的焊接。主要特點(diǎn)是簡(jiǎn)便、省力以及材料成本低廉?？梢源蠓鶞p少臨時(shí)馬板的使用量，提高我國(guó)的整體船舶焊接工藝水平。本文介紹了FGB法曲面外板高效焊接工藝的來(lái)源和應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀，闡述了該焊接工藝的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。針對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)船舶制造企業(yè)在曲面板焊接時(shí)遇到的反變形值和余量加放控制的問(wèn)題，運(yùn)用有限元方法對(duì)FGB

2、法焊接進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬，計(jì)算分析該焊接方法可能引起的變形。設(shè)計(jì)并完成了FGB法焊接試驗(yàn)，將實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與理論計(jì)算結(jié)果相對(duì)比，驗(yàn)證了對(duì)于板厚16mm以上的AH36材質(zhì)的板材，F(xiàn)GB法具有較小的焊后變形。通過(guò)生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的應(yīng)用試驗(yàn)詳細(xì)分析了FGB法焊接工藝在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)適用性和實(shí)用性。并通過(guò)與曲面板CO2氣體保護(hù)焊的對(duì)比研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：FGB法焊接工藝具有焊后變形小、焊接效率高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，對(duì)于AH36材質(zhì)，16mm以上的板材可以不需要通過(guò)調(diào)整胎架的方式加放反

3、變形。在曲面外板拼板焊接時(shí)使用FGB工藝可以提升焊接自動(dòng)化水平，焊接效率提升明顯，節(jié)約輔助材料。本文還研究了基于數(shù)字圖像方法測(cè)量焊接變形的技術(shù)，并應(yīng)用到實(shí)際測(cè)量中，得出實(shí)際焊接過(guò)程中微小的變形值；研究了焊接過(guò)程中焊接電流、速度與預(yù)溫溫度分別對(duì)于變形結(jié)果的影響；對(duì)實(shí)際焊接過(guò)程中的焊接電流，焊接速度和鋼板開(kāi)坡口角度以及定位焊間隔距離進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化選取。本文的主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新點(diǎn)在于給出適用FGB法模型仿真的焊接變形預(yù)測(cè)方法；對(duì)FGB法焊接工藝和產(chǎn)生的變形

4、規(guī)律進(jìn)行深入研究，填補(bǔ)國(guó)內(nèi)造船工藝空白；找到合適的FGB法焊接工藝參數(shù)，編制了焊接標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工藝文件；提出曲面板板采用FGB法拼板焊接時(shí)變形控制的方法。關(guān)鍵詞：FGB法；焊接變形；數(shù)值模擬；制造工藝AbstractIIAbstractFGB(FlexibleGlassfiberbacking)methodwhichismostlyappliedinjointingofcurvedplatesbigweldinglineofdecksinner

5、bottommomentofshipwayfoldinginshipbuildinghasbeenfetchedinChinafromJapanKeainrecentyears.Advantageofthismethodliesinitsfacilitylabsavinglowercost.Themethodcanreduceclampsusedinweldingofcurvedplateenhancethelevelofwelding

6、technicsinshipbuilding.ThispaperintroducestheiginapplicationstatusofanefficientweldingtechnologywhichisnamedFGBmethodexpoundthevaluesofthistechnology.Inconnectionwiththeproblemthatmanydomesticengineersdon’tknowhowmuchall

7、owancereversibledefmationtheyshouldhaveaddedwhencurvedplatesarewelded.ThispaperalsoconductnumericalsimulationofFGBmethodtocalculateweldingdefmationbymeansofFEMthey.WeldingexperimentofFGBhasbeendesignedcarriedouttocontras

8、tthetheeticresultwithpracticalrecd.AlltheaimistoexplaintheapplicabilitypracticalityofFGBmethod.ThepracticeprovesthatcomparedwithCO2gasshieldedarcweldingFGBmethodhasasmallerdefmationafterweldingtheweldingeffiencyishigher.

9、ApplicationofFGBcanenhancethelevelofautomationsaveauxiliarymaterials.Theelectriccurrentspeedwmuptemperatureofweldinghaveaffectonweldingdefmation.Thispaperdosomeresearchonthedegreeoftheaffectoptimizesomewendingparameterli

10、keelectriccurrentspeeddistanceofspotweldingangleofseam.TheinnovationspotsofthisarticlelieswithincreatingtheFEMmodelofFGBmethodsimulatetheweldingprocessdoingthoughresearchonthedefmationruleprovidingawaytocontrolweldingdef