[雙語(yǔ)翻譯]財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)外文翻譯—商業(yè)環(huán)境和企業(yè)家性別對(duì)中小企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)感知的影響（節(jié)選）

1、字?jǐn)?shù)：英文 字?jǐn)?shù)：英文 2905 2905 單詞， 單詞，15898 15898 字符；中文 字符；中文 4887 4887 漢字 漢字出處： 出處：Kozub Kozubíkov ková L, L, Homolka Homolka L, L, Kristalas Kristalas D. D. The The Effect Effect of of Business Business Environment En

2、vironment and and Entrepreneurs Entrepreneurs’ Gender Gender on on Perception Perception of of Financial Financial Risk Risk in in The The Smes Smes Sector[J]. Sector[J]. Journal Journal of of Competitiveness, Competitiv

3、eness, 2017, 2017, 8(1):36-50 8(1):36-50外文文獻(xiàn)： 外文文獻(xiàn)： The Effect of Business Environment and Entrepreneurs’ Gender on Perception of Financial Risk in The Smes SectorAbstract Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are c

4、rucial, and not only for the Czech economy. Their sustainable growth is important for the economy of most European countries. Because of this, the issues surrounding their financing, government support and public percept

5、ion are widely discussed. The problems connected with external financing of SMEs are closely related to effective management of financial risk, which can minimize competition, create better financial structure and increa

6、se the firm’s competitiveness. Our results of the questionnaire survey in the Czech Republic in 2015 were obtained using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and revealed a factor which the male sample believed to be an i

7、mportant influence on the perception of financial risk is a bank’s approach to business. This factor is significantly influenced by knowledge, rules and principles including the knowledge of banks’ credit conditions, the

8、ir transparency and the ability of entrepreneurs to manage financial risks. In the female sample, state and public perception showed to be much more important in the perception of financial risk. Male entrepreneurs mitig

9、ate financial risks through a bank’s assistance whereas female entrepreneurs emphasize the role of society.Keywords: small and medium-sized enterprises, financial risk, government support, social environment, banks’ appr

10、oach, Czech Republicto finance is the most important constraint in the view of the entrepreneurs. The smaller the firm, the more important the difficulty of financing the new entrepreneurial plans becomes (Samitas &

11、Kenourgios, 2005).Because of these facts, it is necessary to pay attention to risk management of SMEs and due to existing obstacles with external financing, it is necessary to concentrate on the financial risk associated

12、 with financing: financial transactions that include company loans at risk of default.2.THEORETICAL BACKGROUNDShuying and Mei (2014) argue that financial risk is one of the major reasons for default of SMEs due to lack o

13、f bank financing. Similarly, it is argued that managing financial risk can minimize the competition, by improving better financial structure and increasing production ability. It is also identified that poor capital stru

14、cture of SMEs is a major reason for their financial risk. SMEs are overwhelmingly dependent on debt financing and as a result their debt ratio is higher in the capital. Therefore, banks charge higher interest rates and d

15、ue to large debt burden, SMEs default. Hence, the authors propose that effective management of capital structure can reduce debt burden, which in turn may also reduce the financial risk of the SMEs.Kim and Vonorts (2014)

16、 examined risk management practices for young and small firms, those between two-eight years, operating in ten European countries: Croatia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Sweden an

17、d the UK. They found that when young firm is faced with technological risk, financial risk and operational risk, it engages in networking activities from which they seek help from others. Moreover, the results show that

18、technological and financial risk is highly associated with networking and that small firms can arrange funds to run their operation smoothly when faced with a financial crisis. Nevertheless, two thirds of the respondents