51中英文雙語外文文獻翻譯成品 液壓鉗在修井作業(yè)中的運用以及對縫隙對正技術設計的修正

1、<p>　　外文標題：The Hydraulic tong in work over operations and the modification to the design of gaps alignment technique</p><p>　　外文作者：Jing Wang, Jiying Zhang, Xiaoyan Wang, Xiangyu kong, Manjun Liu</p&g

2、t;<p>　　文獻出處: Advanced Materials Research Vol. 748 (2013) pp 398-401 </p><p>　　英文1193單詞，64 78字符，中文1489 漢字。</p><p>　　此文檔是外文翻譯成品，無需調整復雜的格式哦！下載之后直接可用，方便快捷！只需二十多元。</p><p>

3、;　　The Hydraulic tong in workover operations and the modification to the design of gaps alignment technique</p><p>　　Jing Wang1, a, Jiying Zhang2,b, Xiaoyan Wang3,c, Xiangyu kong4,d, Manjun Liu5,e</p>

4、<p>　　1 Northeast Petroleum University, No. 199, Development Road, Hi-tech Development District, Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province, China</p><p>　　2NO.2 Oil Production Division, No.6 Oil Production Pl

5、ant, Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd, District, Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province, China</p><p>　　3Sixth Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Company Limited test brigade laboratory District, Daqing City, He

6、ilongjiang Province, China</p><p>　　4 Daqing Gas Company, No.133, Xibin Road, Ranghulu District, Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province, China</p><p>　　5The construction of the Daqing Oilfield Engin

7、eering Co., Ltd. District, Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province, China</p><p>　　a174077947@qq.com,bzhangjiying1@petrochina.com.cn,cwangxiaoyan2@petrochina.com.cn, d76492037@qq.com,eliumanjun1@yahoo.cn</p>

8、;<p>　　Key word: workover; Hydraulic tong; open-type; improve the design</p><p>　　Abstract. Now, Hydraulic tong is an important tool in oil drilling and workover operations. By the structural analysis

9、 of open-type hydraulic tong in the new workover hydraulic tong system, doing researchs on the form of the openings in hydraulic tong and the installation requirement of the gears in the open-type hydraulic tong, and to

10、modify the design of the gaps technique about the main tong of open-type, to achieve that the open-type main tong can take a automatic control of the gaps operati</p><p>　　Introduction</p><p>　　

11、Oil hydraulic pliers for repairing well in oil field are tools that are used in a large number of workover operation frequently,the key equipment in repairing and production process. During workover process,the hardest w

12、ork is to install or discharge the oil pipe and threads of drilling tool,with frequent operating and great hidden trouble that may lead to accidents. Hydraulic tong is a tool that use the dynamic of workover machine to l

13、oad or unload the screw thread mechanically, can greatly red</p><p>　　The present situation and development trend of automatic operation forceps(tong)</p><p>　　Before 70s’ in our country, manual

14、 mounting and dismounting apparatus is widely used to load or unload the thread of pipe, like oil tube, by drilling and workover workers [2].</p><p>　　Semi-automatic mounting and dismounting apparatus has be

15、en widely used in drilling and workover operation nowadays, mainly used semi-automatic shackle device is dynamic (hanging) tong, The power tong is most widely applied in hydraulic clamp. Free people from heavy workover,

16、remote control wellhead device, realize the mechanization and automation of string screw fastening device is the trend in the future.</p><p>　　All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be re

17、produced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of Trans Tech Publications, www.ttp.net. (ID: 128.210.126.199, Purdue University Libraries, West Lafayette, USA-06/07/15,22:11:10)</p&

18、gt;<p>　　Advanced Materials Research Vol. 748399</p><p>　　Hydraulic clamp structure and design modification</p><p>　　Hydraulic clamp opening forms and its advantages and disadvantage<

19、/p><p>　　In the light of clamp head structure, hydraulic clamp can be divided into opening pliers, pliers closed, flexible pliers.</p><p>　　Fig 1 Opening clampFig 2Closed clamp</p><p&g

20、t;　　Open type hydraulic clamp(Fig 1), Its outstanding advantages are its good flexibility and it has a open pliers head, if it can be evacuated from string immediately each time when finishing mounting and dismounting th

21、e thread, it won’t interfere with other working well, so it is widely used by users at home and abroad.</p><p>　　The main drawback of closed type hydraulic tong(Fig 2) is that it should be sleeved on the str

22、ing during working process, which is no doubt that it may affect other operations in the same site to charge and discharge tubes, especially when the well has the omen of blowout, if the hydraulic clamp can not be evacua

23、ted from the string timely, it will cause severe consequence of blowout, only when the wellhead be equipped perfect facilities to hinder blowout, the closed type power clamp would be ava</p><p>　　This paragr

24、aph will discuss on open type hydraulic clamp</p><p>　　The installation requirement of the gears in the open-type hydraulic tong</p><p>　　The gear transmission mechanism of open-type hydraulic t

25、ong (Fig 3), is the active gear,2, 2' are two identical idle gears,3 is jaw gear. Practice has proved that this kind of gear transmission must meet certain conditions in installation process, otherwise may not be ass

26、embled. Or even being installed, those phenomena like deadlocking will occur, and then can’t work normally.</p><p>　　Fig 3 The opening gear</p><p>　　The main clamp design of open-type hydraulic

27、tong that modify the gap technology.</p><p>　　In order to reduce labor of workers, improve work efficiency, to reduce human involvement, then does some modification that base on the existing XQ89 hydraulic c

28、lamp, design out a kind of mechanism that can align the notches automatically and substitute the manual operation to align the notches.</p><p>　　400Material and Manufacturing Technology IV</p><p&

29、gt;　　Scheme one:</p><p>　　As shown in the picture, the hydraulic cylinder drives the travel mechanism to align the notches automatically).</p><p>　　Fig 4Force diagramFig 5Implementation of a

30、graph</p><p>　　To make sure the notches can be aligned and when the notches are separated ,the large opening gear can rotates freely, it needs to meet:</p><p>　　From the conditions of knowledge

31、While</p><p><b>　　So</b></p><p>　　For the rolling friction,Take</p><p><b>　　f≤ (1)</b></p><p>　　=1270N·m(2)</p><p><b>

32、　　=·R(3)</b></p><p>　　=9470N(4)</p><p>　　f ? 0.03(5)</p><p>　　≤315.7KN(6)</p><p>　　Taking the maximal distance hydraulic cylinder travels S ? 25mm, P ?

33、1 MPa</p><p>　　,The diameter of</p><p>　　piston rod is d=10mm, The diameter of piston is D=20mm, the output strength is 314N</p><p>　　=147.8KN(7)</p><p>　　Above all, t

34、hat meets the limitations[4] Scheme two:</p><p>　　The actuator can reciprocate through a cam mechanism so as to align the notches (Fig 6).</p><p>　　Fig 6 Rack piston type hydraulic cylinder rack

35、, gear transmission</p><p>　　Do a comparison of scheme one and scheme two, at first, the manufacturing cost is increased in scheme two, because the rack-piston-type hydraulic cylinder is not general part, an

36、d it need to be produced specially. Based on the above reasons, we select scheme one.</p><p>　　Advanced Materials Research Vol. 748401</p><p><b>　　Summary</b></p><p>　　

37、Hydraulic clamp, as a important equipment during the workover process in the petroleum industry, along with the technical development, the achievement to align the notches by the hydraulic tong automatically can efficien

38、tly reduce the labor intensity of workers, and can be beneficial to the realization of taking automatic control of the wellhead operation. Through the efforts of research and design staff, the automation and mechanizatio

39、n of rotating-screw device can be promoted effectively.</p><p>　　References</p><p>　　Yin Yongjing, Chuan Jinqing. Domestic and international current situation and Prospect of well repairing mach

40、ine[J]. Petroleum Machinery.1996</p><p>　　Yao Chundong. Oil drilling machinery[M]. Beijing. Petroleum Industry Press. 1994. 103-107.</p><p>　　Chang Yulian, Zhan Guanjie, Gao Sheng. Study of desi

41、gn scheme for new workover mechanical system [J]. Petroleum Machinery. In 2008 thirty-sixth, Ninth period. 188～191.</p><p>　　Chen Kuisheng. Hydraulics and pneumatics transmission [M]. Wuhan University of Tec

42、hnology Press). 2001:26-37.</p><p>　　Elastic motion characteristic analysis of tubing transporting equipment with macro/micro structure. Science and technology research projects of the education department 2

43、013 in Heilongjiang province in china.</p><p>　　液壓鉗在修井作業(yè)中的運用以及對縫隙對正技術設計的修正</p><p>　　關鍵詞：油井維修，液壓鉗，開式，提升設計</p><p>　　摘要：現(xiàn)如今，液壓鉗是石油鉆井和修井作業(yè)中的重要工具。 通過對新型修井液壓鉗系統(tǒng)中開式液壓鉗的結構分析，對液壓鉗開口形式和開式液壓鉗齒

44、輪的安裝要求進行了研究， 關于開式主鉗的間隙技術，實現(xiàn)開式主鉗可以自動控制間隙操作。</p><p><b>　　引言</b></p><p>　　用于油田修井的油壓鉗是可以用于大量修井作業(yè)的工具，是修復和生產(chǎn)過程中的關鍵設備。 在修井過程中，最困難的工作是安裝或排放鉆具的油管和螺紋，操作頻繁，隱患大，可能導致事故發(fā)生。 液壓鉗是一種利用修井機動力機械裝卸螺紋的工具，

45、可以大大降低修井作業(yè)人員的勞動強度，避免或減少事故的發(fā)生，延長油管使用壽命，提高修井效率 和質量（圖1）。</p><p>　　自動操作鉗（鉗）的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢</p><p>　　在我國70年代以前，人們是通過鉆井和修井作業(yè)人員廣泛使用手動裝卸裝置來加載或卸載油管等管道的螺紋[2]。目前半自動裝卸裝置已廣泛應用于鉆井修井作業(yè)中，主要采用半自動卸扣裝置為動（吊）鉗，動力鉗在液壓夾具中應用最

46、為廣泛。 讓人從繁重的油井維修中解放出來,，遠程控制井口裝置，實現(xiàn)絲扣緊固裝置的機械化和自動化是未來的趨勢。</p><p>　　液壓鉗結構和設計修改</p><p>　　液壓夾具開口形式及其優(yōu)點和缺點</p><p>　　根據(jù)鉗頭結構，液壓鉗可分為開式鉗、鉗式閉式鉗、柔性鉗。</p><p>　　開放式液壓夾具（圖1），其突出的優(yōu)點是靈活性

47、好，并具有開放的鉗頭，如果每次完成安裝和拆卸螺紋時都能立即從管柱中抽出，就不會干擾其他工作。 因此被國內外用戶廣泛使用。</p><p>　　閉式液壓鉗（圖2）的主要缺點是在工作過程中應將其套在管柱上，這無疑會影響同一場地其他管道的充放電操作，特別是當井 如果液壓夾具不能及時排出管柱，會造成嚴重的井噴，只有井口裝備完善的設備才能防止井噴時，才能使用封閉式動力鉗。[3]。</p><p>　

48、　本段將討論開式液壓鉗</p><p>　　開式液壓鉗中齒輪的安裝要求</p><p>　　開式液壓鉗的齒輪傳動機構（圖3）是主動齒輪，2,2'是兩個相同的惰輪，3是爪齒輪。 實踐證明，這種齒輪傳動裝置在安裝過程中必須滿足一定條件，否則可能無法組裝。 或者甚至正在安裝，會發(fā)生死鎖等現(xiàn)象，然后無法正常工作。 </p><p>　　開放式液壓鉗的主夾具設計改變了

49、間隙技術。</p><p>　　為減少工人勞動強度，提高工作效率，減少人為干預，在現(xiàn)有XQ89液壓夾具的基礎上進行一些修改，設計出一種能自動對齊切口并代替手動操作對齊的機構缺口。</p><p>　　為了確保槽口可以對齊，并且當槽口分開時，大開口齒輪可以自由轉動，它需要滿足：</p><p>　　取最大距離液壓缸行程S = 25mm，P = 1MPa ，活塞桿直徑是

50、10mm，</p><p>　　,活塞直徑是 D=20mm, 輸出強度是 314N</p><p>　　=147.8KN(7)</p><p>　　最重要的是，這滿足了其局限性[4]</p><p><b>　　方案二:</b></p><p>　　致動器可以通過凸輪機構往復運動，以對齊切口（圖

51、6）.</p><p>　　對方案一和方案二進行比較，首先，方案二中增加制造成本，因為齒條活塞式液壓缸不是通用零件，而是需要專門制造。 基于以上原因，我們選擇方案一。</p><p><b>　　總結</b></p><p>　　液壓夾具作為石油工業(yè)修井過程中的重要設備，隨著技術的發(fā)展，液壓鉗自動對準切口的成果可以有效降低工人的勞動強度，有利于

52、實現(xiàn) 自動控制井口操作。 通過研究設計人員的努力，可以有效促進旋轉螺桿裝置的自動化和機械化。</p><p><b>　　參考文獻</b></p><p>　　References</p><p>　　Yin Yongjing, Chuan Jinqing. Domestic and international current situatio

53、n and Prospect of well repairing machine[J]. Petroleum Machinery.1996</p><p>　　Yao Chundong. Oil drilling machinery[M]. Beijing. Petroleum Industry Press. 1994. 103-107.</p><p>　　Chang Yulian, Z

54、han Guanjie, Gao Sheng. Study of design scheme for new workover mechanical system [J]. Petroleum Machinery. In 2008 thirty-sixth, Ninth period. 188～191.</p><p>　　Chen Kuisheng. Hydraulics and pneumatics tran

55、smission [M]. Wuhan University of Technology Press). 2001:26-37.</p><p>　　Elastic motion characteristic analysis of tubing transporting equipment with macro/micro structure. Science and technology research p

56、rojects of the education department 2013 in Heilongjiang province in china.</p><p>　　Material and Manufacturing Technology IV</p><p>　　10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.748</p><p>　　Th