模具專業(yè)外文翻譯---現(xiàn)代快速經(jīng)濟(jì)制造模具技術(shù)

1、<p>　　現(xiàn)代快速經(jīng)濟(jì)制造模具技術(shù)</p><p>　　    伴隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，新的技術(shù)革命不斷取得新的進(jìn)展和突破，技術(shù)的飛躍 發(fā)展已經(jīng)成為推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的重要因素。市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展，促使工業(yè)產(chǎn) 品越來越向多品種、小批量、高質(zhì)量、低成本的方向發(fā)展，為了保持和加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)品在市場上的競爭力，產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)周期、生產(chǎn)周期越來越短，于是對(duì)制造各種產(chǎn)品的關(guān)鍵

2、工藝裝備——模具的要求越來越苛刻。 一方面企業(yè)為追求規(guī)模效益，使得模具向著高速、精密、長壽命方向發(fā)展；另一方面企業(yè)為了滿足多品種、小批量、產(chǎn)品更新?lián)Q代快、贏得市場的需要，要求模具向著制造周期短、成本低的快速經(jīng)濟(jì)的方向發(fā)展。計(jì)算機(jī)、激光、電子、新材料、新技術(shù)的發(fā)展，使得快速經(jīng)濟(jì)制模技術(shù)如虎添翼，應(yīng)用范圍不斷擴(kuò)大，類型不斷增多，創(chuàng)造的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益越來越顯著。  快速經(jīng)濟(jì)制模技術(shù)與傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)械加工相比，具有制

3、模周期短、成本低、精度與壽命又能滿足生產(chǎn)上的使用要求，是綜合經(jīng)濟(jì)效益比較顯著的一類制造模具的技術(shù)，概括起來，有以下幾種類別。   1快速原型制造技術(shù) 快速原型制造技術(shù)簡稱RPM，是80年代后期發(fā)展起來的一種新型制造技術(shù)。美國、日本、英國、以色列、德國、中國都推出了自己的商業(yè)化</p><p>　　電弧噴涂成型制模技術(shù)  電弧噴涂成型技術(shù)的原理是：利用2

4、根通電的金屬絲之間產(chǎn)生電弧的熱量將金屬絲熔化，依靠高壓氣體將其充分霧化，并給予一定的動(dòng)能，高速噴射在樣模表面，層層鑲嵌，形成一金屬殼體，即型腔的內(nèi)表面，再用充填基體材料(一般為金屬粉粒與樹脂的復(fù)合材料)加以支撐加固，提高其強(qiáng)度和剛性，連同金屬模架組合成模具。這種制模技術(shù)工藝簡單、成本低，制造周期非常短，型腔表面的成型僅需幾個(gè)小時(shí)，節(jié)省能源和金屬材料，一般型腔表面僅2-3mm厚，仿真性極強(qiáng)，花紋精度可達(dá)到0.5μm。 目前該技術(shù)

5、被廣泛地用于飛機(jī)、汽車的內(nèi)飾件模具、家電、家俱、制鞋、美術(shù)工藝品等表面形狀復(fù)雜及花紋精細(xì)的各種聚氨酯制品的吹塑、吸塑、PVC注射、PU發(fā)泡及各類注射成型模具中。     電鑄成型技術(shù) 電鑄成型技術(shù)的原理同電鍍一樣，是依樣模(現(xiàn)成制品或按制品圖紙制成的母模)為基準(zhǔn)(陰極)，置放在電鑄液中(陽極)，使電鑄液中的金屬離子還原后一層一層地沉積在樣模上，形成金屬殼體，將其剝離后，與樣模接觸

6、的表面即為模具的型腔內(nèi)表面。該技術(shù)主要特點(diǎn)是節(jié)省材料、模具制造周期短，電鑄層硬度可達(dá)40HRC，提高了耐磨性和壽命，粗糙度</p><p>　　型腔表面精細(xì)花紋成型的蝕刻技術(shù)蝕刻技術(shù)是光學(xué)、化學(xué)、機(jī)加工綜合應(yīng)用的一種技術(shù)，它的基本原理是先把花紋圖案制成膠片，再把膠片上的花紋圖案復(fù)制在已涂上光敏材料的模具型腔表面上，經(jīng)過化學(xué)處理，模具型腔表面形成不被蝕刻部分的保護(hù)層，再根據(jù)模具材質(zhì)，選擇相應(yīng)蝕刻工藝，將花紋圖案蝕

7、刻在模具內(nèi)表面上。  該技術(shù)的主要特點(diǎn)是時(shí)間短、費(fèi)用低，修補(bǔ)破損花紋圖案可做到天衣無縫。</p><p>　　3澆鑄成型制模技術(shù)澆鑄成型制模技術(shù)的共同特點(diǎn)是依樣件為基準(zhǔn)，澆鑄出凸、凹模，型腔表面不需要機(jī)械加工。</p><p>　　4擠壓成型技術(shù)   利用鈹銅合金的良好的導(dǎo)熱性和穩(wěn)定性，經(jīng)固熔時(shí)效處理后，采用冷擠壓制造模具凹模型腔。其特點(diǎn)

8、是制造周期短，型腔精度高(IT7級(jí))，表面粗糙度Ra=0.025μm,強(qiáng)度高，壽命可達(dá)50萬次，無環(huán)境污染。該技術(shù)是利用金屬材料在細(xì)化晶粒、一定成型溫度、低變形速率條件下，材料具有最佳超塑性時(shí)，將事先制作好的凸模，用較小的力便可擠壓出凹模的一種快速經(jīng)濟(jì)制模技術(shù)。超塑成型材料的典型代表是Zn-22%AL。   5無模多點(diǎn)成形技術(shù)  無模多點(diǎn)快速成形技術(shù)是以CAD/CAM/CAT技術(shù)為主要手

9、段，利用計(jì)算機(jī)控制高度可調(diào)基本體群形成上下成形面，代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)模具對(duì)板料進(jìn)行三維曲面成形的又一現(xiàn)代先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)。此項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以隨意改變變形路徑與受力狀態(tài)，提高材料的成形極限，可反復(fù)成形，以此消除材料內(nèi)部的殘余應(yīng)力，實(shí)現(xiàn)無回彈成形。    6凱維朗(KEVRON)鋼帶沖裁落料制模技術(shù)  新型鋼帶沖裁落料制模技術(shù)是一種不同于一般具有凸、凹模結(jié)構(gòu)的鋼帶模，它是由單刃鋼帶與特制墊板組成的新型快

10、速經(jīng)濟(jì)制模技術(shù)。這種模具重量輕，一般只有200kg，加工精度為 ±0.35-0.50mm，可適合各種黑</p><p>　　Modern fast economy manufacture mold technology </p><p>　　Along with the global economy development, the new technologic

11、al revolution made the new progress and the breakthrough unceasingly, the technical leap development already becomes the important attribute which the impetus world economics grew. The market economy unceasing developmen

12、t, urges the industry product more and more to the multi- varieties, high grade, the low cost direction to develop, in order to maintain and strengthens the product in market competitive power, product development cycl&l

13、t;/p><p>　　1 fast prototypes manufactures technology The fast prototype manufacture technology is called RPM, is one kind of new manufacture technology which the 80's later period develops. US, Japan, Engla

14、nd, Israel, Germany, China have all promoted own commercialization product, and has formed the new industry gradually.RPM is the computer, the laser, the optical scanning, the advanced new material, the computer-aided de

15、sign (CAD), the computer assistance processing (CAM), the numerical control (CNC) syn</p><p>　　2 surfaces take shape the pattern making technology The surface takes shape the pattern making technology, main

16、ly is the use spurts spreads, the electrolytic casting, chemistry corrosion and so on the new technique formation cavity surface and the fine pattern one kind of craft technology, in the practical application including f

17、ollowing several kind of types. </p><p>　　electric arcs spurt spread take shape the pattern making technology The electric arc spurts spreads takes shape the technical principle is: Has the electric arc q

18、uantity of heat using between 2 circular telegrams tinsel to melt the tinsel, depends upon the compressed gas its full atomization, and gives the certain kinetic energy, high speed sprays in the type mold surface, layer

19、upon layer mounts, forms a metal shell, namely the cavity internal surface, uses to fill the substrate material again</p><p>　　electrolytic castings take shape the technology The electrolytic casting takes s

20、hape the technical principle to be same with the galvanization, is according to model the mold (ready-made product or female mold which makes according to product blueprint) is the datum (negative pole), places in the el

21、ectrolytic casting fluid (anode), causes in the electrolytic casting fluid the metallic ion to return to original state a latter place deposition on the type mold, forms the metal shell, after strips </p><p>

22、;　　cavities surfaces fine pattern takes shape etching technology The etching technology is optics, chemistry, the machining synthesis application one kind of technology, its basic principle is makes first the pattern de

23、sign the film, then in has spread the film on pattern design duplication the photosensitive material on the mold cavity surface, process chemistry processing, the mold cavity surface does not form by the etching partial

24、protectors, then acts according to the mold material quality, t</p><p>　　3 sprinkle to cast into the type system mold technique Sprinkling to cast into technical and common characteristics of the type system

25、 mold is according to the kind piece for basis, sprinkle a convex and cave mold, a surface do not need the machine to process.Make physically to mainly have following several categories type in the mold.</p><

26、p>　　4 extrusions takes shape the technology Using the berylliuim copper alloy good thermal conductivity and the stability, after the solid melt aging treatment of metal, use the swaging pressure to make the mold conc

27、ave model cavity. Its characteristic is makes the cycle short, the cavity precision is high (the IT7 level), surface roughness Ra=0.025 mu m, The intensity is high, the life may reach 500,000 times, does not have the env

28、ironmental pollution. This technology is using the metal material i</p><p>　　5 does not have the mold multi- spots forming technology Does not have the mold multi- spots fast forming technology is by CAD/CA

29、M/CAT The technology is the main method about, may adjust the base main body group highly using the computer control to form forms the surface, replaces the traditional mold to carry on the three dimensional curved surfa

30、ce forming to the sheet an modern advanced manufacture technology. This technology may change the distortion way and the stressful condition at will, </p><p>　　6 triumphant Uygur bright steel belt blanking f

31、alls the material pattern making technology The new steel belt blanking falls the material pattern making technology is one kind is different with has raised, the concave mold structure steel belt mold generally, it is

32、with specially makes the new fast economical pattern making technology by the single edge steel belt which the backing strip is composed. This kind of mold weight is light, only then 200kg, the processing precision for &

33、#177;0.35-0.50mm, </p><p>　　7 molds semifinished materials fast manufacture technology solid casting Because the massive molds are belong to the single unit or the production, the mold semifinished material

34、s manufacture quality and the cycle and the cost to the final mold quality and cyclical and the cost influence are very important. The modern mold semifinished materials widely have used the seeds casting technology, the

35、 so-called solid casting is (polystyrene PS either polymethacrylate PMMA) manufactures using the foam</p><p>　　8 other aspects technologies in order to simplify the mold the structural design, reduces the m

36、old cost, reduces the mold manufacture cycle, in domestic and foreign also successively appeared some other aspects new technology application, like trades the mold frame, the ramming unit, the cutting edge built-up weld

37、ing quickly, inlays the block casting, the nitrogen spring and so on. </p><p>　　nitrogen springs on mold application The nitrogen spring is one kind of new elastic function part, replaces the spring, the ru

38、bber, the polyurethane or the air cushion with it side, it can accurately provide presses the strength, then may have the greatly initial ball pressure in the small space, does not need pre- tightly, is basically hit the

39、 pressure basically in the mold entire work process to be constant. The ball pressure size and the working point position may, accurate, conveniently adj</p><p>　　fast trades the mold technology Because pr

40、oduct variety increasing, causes the mold in the production the transmutation extremely frequently, how thereupon reduces the ramming equipment the down time, enhances the production efficiency, fast traded the mold tech

41、nology to receive people's attention. At present developed industrial nation some big companies traded the mold speed to achieve astonishing degree, whether had fast trades the mold technology to become for an enterp

42、rise technology adva</p><p>　　ramming units combination technology The ramming unit combination technology is dies a resolve into each one simple unit the convention to die, according to the working proced

43、ure request, the arrangement combination, completes the many kinds of ramming working procedure when the identical inferior stroke the new craft equipment, the work the ramming unit not with the punch press slide joint,

44、only needs the slide attack then to complete the ramming work. When independent employment it is 1 comp</p><p>　　may process the plastic in mold manufacture application May process the plastic to be common

45、 in the developed industrial nation application, specially in manufacturing industry and so on automobile, airplane, mainly replaces the lumber or the metal manufacture automobile body host model, the profile, examines h

46、as and the casting model and so on. May process the plastic the main characteristic is has both the lumber and the metal fine workability, the manufacture craft simple and direct (may us</p><p>　　The mold is

47、 one of foundation industries, in the globalization market economy and under each kind of high technology and new technology swift and violent development situation, the fast economical mold has entrusted with the new mi

48、ssion and the brand-new connotation, the classification increases unceasingly, the fast economical pattern making material turns towards the multi- varieties seriation to make great strides forward, the craft has the new