外文翻譯--新型指紋識(shí)別傳感器的應(yīng)用分析

1、<p><b>　　4050字?jǐn)?shù)</b></p><p><b>　　外文翻譯</b></p><p>　　New fingerprint identification sensor applications analysis </p><p>　　Abdtract Fingerprint recognitio

2、n technology as a sophisticated identification methods have been widely used in various industries. The core components of the technology used for sensors, the paper introduced fingerprint recognition technology sensors

3、in the application. </p><p>　　Keywords Fingerprint identification Sensors Applications </p><p>　　Contact type the sensor with delimits the scratching sensor is two kind of new solid stat

4、es fingerprints sensor, all is through in touches in the process the electric capacity change to carry on information gathering. This article has carried on the multianalysis to two kind of sensors principles of work and

5、 the characteristic, and the introduction in the Internet safe authentication, the automobile does not have the key to enter the system and so on the application. </p><p>　　At present in the market has two k

6、ind of solid states fingerprints sensor: The first kind is the single time of touching sensor, requests the finger to carry on reliable touching in the fingerprint gathering area; The second kind then needs to use the fi

7、nger to scratch in the sensor surface, the sensor can gather set of specific data, then carries on the fast analysis and the authentication. These two kind of fingerprints sensor will obtain the more and more widespread

8、application. </p><p>　　The above two kind of sensors principle of work is: When in the fingerprint bulge partially puts in on the electric capacity picture element electrode, the electric capacity can have

9、the increase, increases the electric capacity through the examination to carry on the data acquisition. In the sensor picture picture element is 45 squares microns, the gap is 50 microns, the electric capacity picture el

10、ement array resolution is higher than 500dpi slightly. This kind of sensor based on one kind of </p><p>　　The metal interlocks the third constitution electric capacity picture element level, is made and is c

11、overing nitrided silicon by the titanium nitrides, thickness is only 7,000 Emmy. This kind of rigid metal electrode with anti- rubs extremely solid spreads the sensor which the coating combination forms to be durable, th

12、e service life may amount to very many years. </p><p>　　1.Fingerprint examination </p><p>　　Humanity's fingerprint by the close neighboring concave-convex trace constitution, through lights

13、the use standard reference discharging current to each picture element, then may examine to the fingerprint trace condition. Each picture element in advance charges first to some reference voltage, then by reference elec

14、tric current electric discharge. On under the electric capacity anode the voltage change rate if on electric capacity becomes the proportional relationship: </p><p>　　Iref=C×dv/D</p><p>　　I

15、s in the fingerprint under the bulge picture element (electric capacity high) to discharge slowly, but is in the fingerprint under the depression picture element (electric capacity to be low) discharges quickly. This kin

16、d of different discharge ratio may maintain (S/ through the samplingH) the electric circuit examines and transforms 8 outputs, this examination method has the high sensitivity to the fingerprint bulge and the indentation

17、, and may form the extremely good primitive fingerprint ima</p><p>　　Process shows which through chart 1, uses the complex software algorithm to be possible to carry on the fingerprint recognition. This kind

18、 of software gathering primitive fingerprint image, and withdraws the pictorial information digitization detail template, then carries on the test, determined withdraws whether the detail template does tally with the ref

19、erence template. </p><p>　　2.Compared with process </p><p>　　Contact type the sensor with delimits the scratching sensor the size and the cost is all dissimilar. The contact pilot is big, usual

20、effective contact face for 15×15mm, but rapidly gathers the biggest fingerprint or the thumb fingerprint. This kind of sensor is easy to use, and may the entire fingerprint image by 500dpi (automatic fingerprint rec

21、ognition standard) the precision carries on the speedy transmission. </p><p>　　At present these sensors have completed the design, and uses in the US government apparatus and the police station carries on th

22、e fingerprint recognition. Near future also gradually will use in automobile Shan Chushi not having the key to enter the system, as well as in emerging national security application. </p><p>　　This kind of s

23、ensor ×300 (line) the miniature metal electrode is composed by 256 (row), each row connects to pair of S/On H electric circuit. Fingerprint image succession by a line of gathering, each metal electrode takes the ele

24、ctric capacity extremely, with it contact finger then is electric capacity another extremely. Has a deactivated level in the component surface, takes two electric capacities interelectrodes the dielectric sheet. Puts in

25、on the sensor when the finger, in the fingerprint b</p><p>　　Delimits the scratching sensor is one kind of new fingerprint gathering component, the request user has delimited the finger on the component. Del

26、imits the scratching sensor the merit is the size small (for example Fujitsu's MBF300 size only is 3.6×13.3 mm2) and the cost is low. These components mainly use in the mobile equipment inserting the type safe r

27、ecognition application, like handset and PDA. The precise image reconstruction software by approaches 2,000/A second speed fast gathers many im</p><p>　　3.Information and authentication </p><p>

28、　　The portable low cost fingerprint recognition technology is without a doubt profound to our life significance. For example, the next police might succeed in the imperial civil service examinations the area in a crime t

29、o intercept a suspect, will request it to provide the fingerprint but is not the ID card or the automobile driving license. This person then his/her right hand first, two or the third finger puts in with the wireless PDA

30、 connected sensor on, might rapidly carries on the suspect and</p><p>　　This kind of recognition technology regarding the handset user which robs is also had the advantage. Handset when requests the user th

31、rough a fast authentication process, the user to delimit his/her finger the sensor, if through authentication then is authorized uses the handset each function. If is authorized the user, the handset then continues to ma

32、intain locks in. If several authentication is unable to pass continuously, then in the hand opportunity deletion memory essential information the</p><p>　　In the next automobile application, the user might i

33、nput the family member fingerprint sample, will be able to drive after the warning power. Registration process extremely simple: Each authorized driving member puts in his/her finger on the sensor, and carries on automob

34、ile each kind of parameter according to individual hobby the establishment, then stores these establishments Che Zai in the computer memory. </p><p>　　When the driver enters the automobile, he/She puts in th

35、e finger on the sensor, start recognition process. Not to a second, the computer examines to the fingerprint template and the memory template will carry on the comparison, and establishes the correlation establishment wh

36、ich tallies with the driver. The fingerprint template and the match software preservation inserts in the type module in automobile. When the fingerprint matches successfully, the automobile then presses has programmed th

37、e hy</p><p>　　4.Causes the mobile interned to turn on safely </p><p>　　Along with the semiconductor and the software technology development, the handset gradually will become one kind to be poss

38、ible to gain individual anytime and anywhere and the company data mobile termination, therefore needs to guarantee the user visit the security, by prevented has not been authorized the visit. The original law enforcement

39、 agency use fingerprint recognition way only saves in the fingerprint some data but the non- entire phantom, thus, the biological fingerprint sweeping system</p><p>　　This kind of examination all treating pr

40、ocesses divide equally for following several steps: First is gathers the stage, the component gathering finger biology sample; Then the use establishes in advance the mathematical formula or the algorithm withdraw the da

41、ta from the sample which it is in sole possession of, and transforms it a template; The registration authentication procedure hits the mark from a fingerprint 30~40 characteristic withdraws seven characteristics matches

42、spot to carry on the</p><p>　　When carries on the registration, the information code is saved, will take the next user authentication the reference template. When the user enters the system, he/She has delim

43、ited the finger the sensor region, gains the scene scanning template and the reference template carry on the comparison. The entire process completes in 1 or 2 seconds. </p><p>　　Through the comparison, the

44、system can determine whether this scene scanning template has contained the enough biological data which tallies with the reference template, and judgment two whether do match. If does not match, then the authentication

45、defeat, waited for the next time will distinguish. </p><p>　　This kind of fingerprint examination system performance is very high, makes the wrong judgment to the effective fingerprint the probability to be

46、smaller than 1%, but invalid fingerprint for effective fingerprint possibility then does not exist nearly, its probability is lower than 0.01%. </p><p>　　新型指紋識(shí)別傳感器的應(yīng)用分析 </p><p>　　摘 要 指紋識(shí)別技術(shù)作為一種

47、先進(jìn)的身份識(shí)別方法，已經(jīng)被廣泛使用于各行各業(yè)中。該技術(shù)所用的核心部件即為傳感器，本文介紹了傳感器在指紋識(shí)別技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞 指紋識(shí)別 傳感器 應(yīng)用</p><p>　　接觸型傳感器與劃擦型傳感器是兩種新型固態(tài)指紋傳感器，都是通過(guò)在觸摸過(guò)程中電容的變化來(lái)進(jìn)行信息采集。本文對(duì)兩類傳感器的工作原理和特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析，并介紹在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全認(rèn)證、汽車無(wú)鑰匙進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)等的應(yīng)

48、用。 　　 </p><p>　　目前市場(chǎng)上有兩種固態(tài)指紋傳感器：第一種是單次觸摸型傳感器，要求手指在指紋采集區(qū)進(jìn)行可靠的觸摸；第二種則需要用手指在傳感器表面擦過(guò)，傳感器會(huì)采集一套特定的數(shù)據(jù)，然后進(jìn)行快速分析和認(rèn)證。這兩類指紋傳感器將得到越來(lái)越廣泛的應(yīng)用。 　　 </p><p>　　上述兩類傳感器工作原理為：當(dāng)指紋中的凸起部分置于傳感電容像素電極上時(shí)，電容會(huì)有所增加，通過(guò)檢測(cè)增加的電容來(lái)

49、進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)采集。傳感器中的像素點(diǎn)為45平方微米，間隔為50微米，電容像素陣列的分辨率略高于500dpi。這類傳感器基于一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的單-多晶硅三層金屬CMOS工藝，并采用0.5微米工藝進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。 　　 </p><p>　　金屬互連的第三層構(gòu)成電容像素層，由氮化鈦制成并覆蓋著一層氮化硅，厚度僅為7000埃米。這種硬金屬電極與抗磨涂敷層組合形成的傳感器十分堅(jiān)實(shí)耐用，使用壽命可以達(dá)到很多年。 　　 </p>

50、<p>　　1.指紋檢測(cè) 　　 </p><p>　　人類的指紋由緊密相鄰的凹凸紋路構(gòu)成，通過(guò)對(duì)每個(gè)像素點(diǎn)上利用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參考放電電流，便可檢測(cè)到指紋的紋路狀況。每個(gè)像素先預(yù)充電到某一參考電壓，然后由參考電流放電。電容陽(yáng)極上電壓的改變率與其上的電容成下面的比例關(guān)系： 　　 </p><p>　　Iref=C×dv/dt 　　 </p><p>　　處于

51、指紋的凸起下的像素(電容量高)放電較慢，而處于指紋的凹處下的像素(電容量低)放電較快。這種不同的放電率可通過(guò)采樣保持(S/H)電路檢測(cè)并轉(zhuǎn)換成一個(gè)8位輸出，這種檢測(cè)方法對(duì)指紋凸起和低凹具有較高的敏感性，并可形成非常好的原始指紋圖像。 　　 </p><p>　　采用復(fù)雜的軟件算法可以進(jìn)行指紋識(shí)別。這種軟件采集原始的指紋圖像，將圖像信息數(shù)字化并提取其中的細(xì)節(jié)模板，然后進(jìn)行測(cè)試，確定提取的細(xì)節(jié)模板是否與參考模板吻合。

52、　 </p><p>　　2.比較過(guò)程 　　 </p><p>　　接觸型傳感器與劃擦型傳感器的尺寸和成本都不一樣。接觸式傳感器較大，通常有效接觸面為15×15mm，可迅速地采集最大的指紋或拇指指紋。這種傳感器易于使用，并可將整個(gè)指紋圖像以500dpi(自動(dòng)指紋識(shí)別標(biāo)準(zhǔn))的精度進(jìn)行快速傳輸。 　　 </p><p>　　目前這些傳感器已完成設(shè)計(jì)，并用于美國(guó)

53、政府機(jī)構(gòu)及警察局進(jìn)行指紋識(shí)別。不久的將來(lái)還將逐漸用于汽車單觸式無(wú)鑰匙進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)，以及新興的國(guó)家安全應(yīng)用中。 　　 </p><p>　　這種傳感器由256(列)×300(行)微型金屬電極組成，每一列連接到一對(duì)S/H電路上。指紋圖像依次進(jìn)行逐行采集，每個(gè)金屬電極均作為電容的一個(gè)極，與之接觸的手指則是電容的另一個(gè)極。在器件表面有一層鈍化層，作為兩個(gè)電容極間的電介質(zhì)層。將手指置于傳感器上時(shí)，指紋上的凸起和低凹會(huì)

54、在陣列上產(chǎn)生不同的電容值，并構(gòu)成用于認(rèn)證的一整幅圖像。 　　 </p><p>　　劃擦型傳感器是一種新型指紋采集器件，要求用戶將手指在器件上劃過(guò)。劃擦型傳感器的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是尺寸小(如富士通的MBF300尺寸僅為3.6×13.3 mm2)和成本低。這些器件主要用于移動(dòng)設(shè)備的嵌入式安全識(shí)別應(yīng)用，如手機(jī)和PDA。精密的圖像重建軟件以接近2000幀/秒的速度快速地從傳感器上采集多個(gè)圖像，并將每個(gè)幀的數(shù)據(jù)細(xì)節(jié)組織到一

55、起。 　　 </p><p>　　3.信息及認(rèn)證 　　 </p><p>　　毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，便攜式低成本指紋識(shí)別技術(shù)對(duì)我們的生活意義深遠(yuǎn)。例如，今后警察可在一個(gè)犯罪高發(fā)區(qū)截住一名嫌疑人，要求其提供指紋而不是身份證或汽車駕照。此人則將其右手的第一、二或第三個(gè)手指置于一個(gè)與無(wú)線PDA相連的傳感器上，可以迅速將嫌疑人與以前的犯罪記錄進(jìn)行對(duì)比確認(rèn)。 　　 </p><p>　　

56、這種識(shí)別技術(shù)對(duì)于被盜的手機(jī)用戶也有好處。手機(jī)開機(jī)時(shí)要求用戶通過(guò)一個(gè)快速的認(rèn)證過(guò)程，用戶將其手指劃過(guò)傳感器，如果通過(guò)認(rèn)證則授權(quán)使用手機(jī)的各項(xiàng)功能。如果不是授權(quán)用戶，手機(jī)便繼續(xù)保持鎖住。如果連續(xù)幾次認(rèn)證無(wú)法通過(guò)，則手機(jī)會(huì)刪除存儲(chǔ)器中的關(guān)鍵信息然后關(guān)機(jī)。 在語(yǔ)音郵件的應(yīng)用中，當(dāng)撥出一個(gè)語(yǔ)音郵件號(hào)碼后，用戶只需將手指劃過(guò)傳感器便可令系統(tǒng)識(shí)別。有了指紋識(shí)別后，便無(wú)需使用郵箱密碼或個(gè)人識(shí)別號(hào)碼。 　　 </p><p>　　

57、在今后的汽車應(yīng)用中，用戶可輸入家庭成員指紋樣本，經(jīng)鑒權(quán)才能駕駛。注冊(cè)過(guò)程十分簡(jiǎn)單：每個(gè)授權(quán)駕駛的成員將其手指置于傳感器上，并將汽車的各種參數(shù)按個(gè)人愛(ài)好進(jìn)行設(shè)置，然后將這些設(shè)置存入車載的電腦存儲(chǔ)器中。 　　 </p><p>　　當(dāng)駕駛者進(jìn)入汽車時(shí)，他/她將手指置于傳感器上，啟動(dòng)識(shí)別過(guò)程。不到一秒鐘，電腦將檢測(cè)到的指紋模板與存儲(chǔ)的模板進(jìn)行比較，并建立一個(gè)與駕駛者相符的相關(guān)設(shè)置。指紋模板和匹配軟件保存在汽車內(nèi)的一個(gè)嵌

58、入式模塊中。當(dāng)指紋匹配成功時(shí)，汽車便按已編程設(shè)定的內(nèi)部參數(shù)來(lái)控制后視鏡、汽車座椅、無(wú)線基站以及車內(nèi)空氣環(huán)境。此外，還可控制駕駛速度，如果駕駛者僅為十來(lái)歲的孩子，則將速度限制在每小時(shí)55公里。這些功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)具有非常多的用處。 　 </p><p>　　4.使移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入更加安全 　　 </p><p>　　隨著半導(dǎo)體和軟件技術(shù)的發(fā)展，手機(jī)將逐漸成為一種可隨時(shí)隨地獲取個(gè)人和公司數(shù)據(jù)的移動(dòng)終端

59、，因此需要確保用戶訪問(wèn)的安全性，以防止未授權(quán)訪問(wèn)。原來(lái)執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)使用的指紋識(shí)別方式僅存儲(chǔ)指紋上一些特定點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)而非整個(gè)影像，因而相比之下，生物指紋掃描系統(tǒng)更為有效、可靠。 　　 </p><p>　　這類檢測(cè)的所有處理過(guò)程均分為下面幾個(gè)步驟：首先是采集階段，器件采集手指生物樣本；然后利用預(yù)先建立的數(shù)學(xué)公式或算法從樣本中提取其獨(dú)有的數(shù)據(jù)，并將其轉(zhuǎn)換成一個(gè)模板；登記認(rèn)證程序從指紋的30~40個(gè)特征點(diǎn)中至少提取七個(gè)特征匹

60、配點(diǎn)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證，包括構(gòu)成某一指紋細(xì)節(jié)的紋路分叉點(diǎn)和終止點(diǎn)，并被定義成特征點(diǎn)間的距離。 　　 </p><p>　　進(jìn)行注冊(cè)時(shí)，信息代碼被存儲(chǔ)下來(lái)，作為今后用戶認(rèn)證的參考模板。當(dāng)用戶進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)時(shí)，他/她將手指劃過(guò)傳感器區(qū)域，所獲取的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)掃描模板與參考模板進(jìn)行比較。整個(gè)過(guò)程在1或2秒內(nèi)完成。 　　 </p><p>　　通過(guò)比較，系統(tǒng)會(huì)確定這一現(xiàn)場(chǎng)掃描模板是否包含了與參考模板相符的足夠生物數(shù)據(jù)，并