山東省壽光市集約化蔬菜種植區(qū)農(nóng)用化學(xué)品使用及其對(duì)環(huán)境影響的研究.pdf

1、，廠11084861分類號(hào)密級(jí)單位代碼：10019學(xué)號(hào)：B02103’專目差≮犬普’博士學(xué)位論文山東省壽光市集約化蔬菜種植區(qū)農(nóng)用化學(xué)品使用及其對(duì)環(huán)境影響的研究InputofAgrochemicalsandIt’SImpactsonEnvironmentinIntensiveVegetableCultivationArea——ACaseStudyinShouguangMunicipalityShandongProvince研究生：董童植指

2、導(dǎo)教師：奎至熬援合作指導(dǎo)教師：主握苤熬援申請(qǐng)學(xué)位門類級(jí)別：堡堂煎專業(yè)名稱：生查堂研究方向：盤些亙遁近鎏班塑所在學(xué)院：童遮墨豎撞堂瞳二零零七年六月Abs仃actTheagriculturalnonpointsourcepollution(NPP)causedbytheexcessiveinputofagrochemicalsisahotpointissueallOVertheworldThisstudywasperformedinatyp

3、icalintensivevegetablecultivationarea，ShouguangmunicipalityShundongProvince，PRCAgreatdealofworksuchasfieldsurveys，farmlevelinvestigationsdatastatisticstheoreticalanalysisandtracingmonitoringofnitrateingroundwateraimingto

4、thoroughlystudythefarmlevelinputactivitiesofagrochemicalsandtoprobeintothestatusanddynamiccharacterofgroundwaternitrateContaminationoausedbyexorbitantu∞offertilizerNByusingthetheoriesofagriculturalenvironmentCostthehcdon

5、iepricemethodandthepreventiveexpenditureapproachtheenvironmentalcostoffertilizerNusedinintensivevegetablecultivationwasestimatedTheresultofthestudywasimportant衙managingfertilizationprotectingthegroundwaterandtheagricultu

6、ralenvironmentandguidingthere#onalsustainabledevelopmentThestudy011thefarmlevelinputofagrochemicalsindicatedthatthefertilizationlevelwasveryhighTheannualu船rateoffertilizerOn刪OUSCvegetablewas38877kg／hin2)佃峙uscrateoffertil

7、izerNreached19433kg／hm2andN：P205：K20=l：075：O51ThechemicalfertilizerusedonChim∞chiveinmiddleplastictunnelwas16241kg／hm2thefertilizerNwas8630kg／hm2andN：I205：K20=I：050：O38Thenutrientproportionshowedthatthefertilizerphuaphor

8、uswasmuchhigherandfilepotassiumwa$correspondinglyinshortageThenutrientbalanceofN’P20s，andK20were334螂，7189％，and36鐋respectivelyThusagreatdealofin臼ogenandphosphoruswasbeyondtheabsorbabilityofvegetablesandenteredtheenvironme

9、ntThepesticideu∞r(nóng)atewasalsoveryhighonvegetablecultivationandtheaverageu∞r(nóng)ateper∞edingareareachedasbighas724kg，hm2Ongreenhousevegetables，theuserateofgermicideaccountedfor8595％ofn”totalpesticide，how∞erinsecticidewasthemain

10、pesticideusedonChinesechiveandthepercentagewasover80％AsthechemicalConstitutionofthepesticideisconcencerdmostgermicideswerelowtoxicity，andbelongtoorganosulfurOrorganicheterocyclepesticideButmostinsecticidesbelongtoorganop

11、hosphomapesticide，carbamatepesticide，orcypermethrinpesticide，and80lnekindsofinsecticideswerehighlyorviolenttoxicThedifferenceofuserateoffertilizerandpesticideamongfarmersvillagesandseasonsshowedthatmostfarmersWereeyeless

12、OnfertilizationandpesticideapplicationThenitratenitrogen(NOrN)analysisshowedthatthegroundwaterWasseverelyandwidelypollutedduetothehighapplicationofnitrogenfertilizerTheaverageN03“Nconcentrationintheresearchyearreached226