a taste of english課件3

1、,A taste of English humour,Unit 3,Section Ⅱ　Learning about Language,,,,,,,,欄目導航,,,,,,,,v.﹣ing形式的用法一、v.﹣ing形式作表語v.﹣ing形式作表語有兩種不同的含義：1.說明主語的內(nèi)容。①Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.她的工作是盡量使報告廳保持干凈。

2、②The real question is getting to know the needs of the students.真正的問題是了解學生的需要。③His hobby is collecting stamps.他的愛好是集郵。,考點　語法細解,2.說明主語具有的特征。①The problem is quite puzzling.這個問題很令人困惑。②It was astonishing to see the an

3、imals and plants that are found nowhere else in the world.看到了世界上其他地方找不到的動植物真是令人驚訝。③The food at the dinner party did not seem very inviting.宴會上的食物似乎并不誘人。,【溫馨提示】v.﹣ing形式與動詞不定式作主語、表語或賓語的區(qū)別：一般說來，v.﹣ing形式表示一般性、習慣性的動作，或抽象

4、性的動作，時間概念不強。而動詞不定式表示的動作往往是具體的或一次性的動作，特別是將來的動作。,④Smoking is forbidden here.這里禁止吸煙。(泛指)⑤It’s not good for you to smoke so much.吸這么多煙對你的身體不好。(具體)⑥They prefer staying indoors when the weather is cold.天冷時他們喜歡待在室內(nèi)。(泛指)⑦W

5、ould you prefer to stay at home this evening?今晚你想待在家里嗎？(具體),二、v.﹣ing形式作定語1.單個的v.﹣ing形式可以作前置定語，一般有兩種含義。(1)說明被修飾名詞的用途和性能。a reading room= a room for reading 閱覽室running shoes= shoes for running 跑鞋a working method = a m

6、ethod of working 工作方法a sewing machine 縫紉機a swimming pool 游泳池a drawing board 畫板 a dining car 餐車a driving permit 駕駛許可證a walking stick 手杖a singing competition 歌詠比賽 a waiting room 候車室,(2)表示所修飾的人或物的動

7、作或狀態(tài)，在意思上接近于一個定語從句，可以表示正在進行的動作，也可表示經(jīng)常性動作或當時的狀態(tài)。developing countries = countries that are developing發(fā)展中國家an ordinary﹣looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起來很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles som

8、ebody一個令人困惑的問題The working people are masters of our country.勞動人民是我們國家的主人。,Let sleeping dogs lie.不要惹麻煩。a disappointing play令人失望的戲劇an astonishing adventure驚人的冒險boiling water正在沸騰的水a(chǎn) sleeping baby熟睡的嬰兒a barking dog狂吠

9、的狗the setting sun落日the coming week下一周failing sight逐漸衰退的視力,2.作定語的﹣ing形式如果是一個短語，則應放在被修飾詞的后面。①The bottle containing vinegar should be sent to the laboratory.裝著醋的那個瓶子應送到實驗室去。②They lived in a house facing south.他們住在一所朝

10、南的房子里。③The book being discussed a lot will be published next month.人們談論很多的那本書下一個月將出版。,3.有些情況下，v.﹣ing形式不能用來作定語，必須使用定語從句。(1)作定語的﹣ing形式表示的動作要與主句謂語的動作同時發(fā)生，如兩者不能同時發(fā)生，則需使用定語從句?！菊`】The professor coming here yesterday will gi

11、ve us a lecture.【正】The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture.昨天來的教授將要給我們作一個講座。,(2)﹣ing形式的完成式一般只用來作狀語，不作定語。【誤】The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.【正】The temple wh

12、ich has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.被地震毀壞的廟宇很快就要修建了。,三、v.﹣ing形式作賓語補足語1.v.﹣ing形式可以在see,hear,notice,watch,feel,smell,look at,listen to,observe,find等表示感官和心理狀態(tài)的動詞后面作賓語補足語，和一個名詞或代詞一起構(gòu)成復合賓語。①We hea

13、rd the children shouting upstairs.我們聽見孩子們在樓上叫喊。②I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.我下車的時候注意到一個男人正從銀行里跑出來。③I felt my heart beating violently.我覺得我的心在猛烈地跳動。,2.v.﹣ing形式和不定式作賓語補足語的區(qū)別。在see,hea

14、r,feel,watch,notice等感官動詞后，既可用v.﹣ing形式構(gòu)成復合賓語，也可用不帶to的不定式構(gòu)成復合賓語，兩者之間有一定的區(qū)別。用v.﹣ing形式時，表示動作正在進行；用不帶to的不定式時，表示動作發(fā)生了，即動作的全過程結(jié)束了。①He saw a girl getting on the car.他看見一個女孩兒在上汽車。(She was getting on the car.)②He saw a girl get

15、 on the car and drive off.他看見一個女孩兒上車開走了。(She got on the car and drove off.),③Do you hear someone knocking at the door？你聽見有人在敲門嗎？(Someone is knocking at the door.)④Do you hear someone knock at the door?你聽見有人敲門了嗎？(Some

16、one knocked at the door just now.)提示：如果賓語補足語是一系列的動作，通常只能用不定式來表示，不用v.﹣ing形式。⑤I saw him enter the room,sit down and light a cigarette.我看見他走進房間，坐了下來，點燃了一根香煙。,3.v.﹣ing形式也可用在have,get,leave,keep,set,catch等表示“致使”的動詞后作賓語補足語。

17、①They should not leave us wondering what they will do next.他們應該讓我們知道他們下一步要做什么。②I won’t have you running about in the room.我不允許你在房間里跑來跑去。③We kept the fire burning all night long.我們讓火燒了一晚上。,,制作者：狀元橋,適用對象：高一學生,制作軟件：Po