英語(yǔ)四級(jí)議論文作文

1、1,議論文作文,問題篇,2,一、概述,從1987年9月第一次四級(jí)考試以來(lái)，到2010年6月總共歷經(jīng)了46次考試，其中議論文作文占了34篇，為74%。從1989年1月第一次六級(jí)考試以來(lái)，到2010年6月總共歷經(jīng)了45次考試，其中議論文作文占了35篇，為78%。,二、議論文作文—問題篇（四級(jí)）,4,議論文作文—問題篇（六級(jí)）,5,三、問題篇題目出題特點(diǎn),從較早以前的英語(yǔ)提示句式(1990.1四級(jí))Directions: For this

2、 part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition about What Would Happen If There Were No Power in three paragraphs. You are given the first sentence or part of the first sentence of each paragraph. Your part of

3、the composition should be no less than 100 words, not including the words given. Remember to write clearly. You should write this composition on the Composition Sheet.1. Ever since early this century, electricity has be

4、come an essential part of our modern life……2. If there were no electric power,……3. Therefore,……,6,What Would Happen If There Were No Power (Sample),Ever since early this century, electricity has become an essential p

5、art of our modern life. It plays an important role in many fields such as industry, agriculture and the daily life of men. Electricity is a source of energy that makes it possible for the factories to turn out products a

6、nd for people to create comfortable living conditions, for example.,7,If there were no electric power, things would be quite different. Machines could not run and people would have to fall back on their hands to produce

7、what is essential for them to keep alive. Traffic would have to stop at night because there would be no lights in the street. A world in darkness would no longer be a pleasant one. In a word, things would be in a mess.　

8、　Therefore, we should realize the importance of electricity. As electricity is insufficient in our country, we should be frugal in using electricity. We should make great efforts to produce more electricity.,8,問題篇題目出題特點(diǎn),

9、英語(yǔ)提示（模擬）Traffic Problems in Our CityFor the first two paragraphs, the first sentence is given and you may just write on to complete the paragraphs. As to the remaining part, you are required to work out a topic sentenc

10、e and develop it into a well-organized paragraph which will lead to the concluding sentence given at the end of this essay.,9,Traffic Problems in Our City,1. Traffic is one of the essential activities for our city. …2.

11、Owing to the major part it plays, traffic has long been a serious concern for the municipal government. …3…… Only when these problems are effectively solved, will our city be able to survive the nation-wide competition

12、and function as an economic centre.,10,Traffic Problems in Our City (Sample),Traffic is one of the essential activities for Shanghai. Each day, by various means of transportation, heavy loads of goods and a great number

13、of passengers are conveyed to and from every corner of the city. With the modernization drive in full swing, traffic has been lending greater impact on the city’s life. What a mess the city would be in, if the arteries o

14、f such vital importance were out of action even for a minute!,11,Traffic Problems in Our City,Owing to the major part it plays, traffic has long been a serious concern for the municipal government. Over recent years, new

15、 bus routes have been opened to traffic and new vehicles put in service; many underpasses and overpasses have been built to ease out the “bottlenecks”. Meanwhile, new traffic projects are under consideration.,12,Traffic

16、Problems in Our City,For all these efforts, traffic remains one of Shanghai’s biggest headaches. Traffic jams during rush hours, bus delays and frays are a way of life with Shanghai citizens. In addition, traffic acciden

17、ts occur with alarming frequency, resulting in heavy losses in both state property and lives. Only when these problems are effectively solved, will our city be able to survive the nation-wide competition and function as

18、an economic centre.,13,比較：How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic （1990.1 六級(jí)）,Directions: Write a composition based on the following outline:問題：城市交通擁擠解決方案(solution)1．建造(lay down)更多道路優(yōu)點(diǎn)：降低街道擁擠程度加速車流(flow of traffic)

19、缺點(diǎn)：占地過(guò)多2．開辟（open up）更多公共汽車線路優(yōu)點(diǎn)：減少自行車與小汽車缺點(diǎn)：對(duì)部分人可能造成不方便結(jié)論：兩者結(jié)合,14,How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic,The urban traffic is getting increasingly crowded nowadays in China. The roads are packed with cars, bicycles

20、 are pedestrians and traffic jams, bus delays and traffic accidents are a common scene.Then how to solve this problem? Some suggest to lay down more roads to make the traffic less crowded and speed up the flow of traffi

21、c. Others believe that we should open up more public bus routes, so that more people will take the public,15,buses instead of travelling by cars and bicycles.Although above two views sound reasonable, they have their ow

22、n drawbacks. The former may take up much land which could be used for farms and houses. The latter may cause inconvenience for those who are used to travelling by car or bicycle. I think the best answer to the traffic pr

23、oblem is a combination of the two. More roads can be built to hold more traffic and meanwhile more public bus routes can be opened up to those who prefer to use the public transportation.,16,問題篇題目出題特點(diǎn),目前的中文提示（1990.1六級(jí)）D

24、irections: Four suggested solutions to this problem are listed below. You are supposed to write in favor of one suggestion (ONE only) and against another (ONE only). You should give your reasons in both cases.四種可能解決住房問題

25、的方案1．多造高層建筑2．向地下發(fā)展3．建造衛(wèi)星城市4．疏散城市人口,17,How to Solve the Housing Problem in Big Cities (Sample),The shortage of housing is one of the most serious problems facing many big cities in China. Though the government has spe

26、nt a large sum of money on housing, the investment has produced little financial return and a housing shortage still persists. Two generations sharing one room and newly-married couples finding it difficult to have a hou

27、se of their own are still common cases. Housing shortage is a problem that requires an urgent solution.,18,People’s attitudes towards the solution to the housing problem are different. Some suggest building more high-ris

28、e apartments; others believe to develop underground housing areas. I am in favor of the former opinion. For one thing, it is cheaper to build above ground than below. For another, living underground for a long time will

29、do harm to people’s health. Above all, people are unwilling to live underground with artificial lighting and they prefer to live above ground to enjoy the sunshine.Although there may be some other ways to solve the hous

30、ing shortage problem, I believe to build more high-rise apartments is one of the promising solutions to the housing problem.,19,Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling（2010.6 四級(jí)）,1.如今不少學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫;2.出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因;3.這種現(xiàn)

31、象導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果…,20,Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling (Sample 1),It is becoming increasingly common that lots of students do not think spelling is the major point of mastering good English.     T

32、hrough talking with them, I am aware of the fact that common thinking leaded to this phenomenon is that, the students only want to get good scores from their tests, which grammar skills are required more than spelling. D

33、o not mention that some of the students only want to improve their spoken English to communicate, for a simple reason that this can make them sound cool.,21,Different words stands for different meanings. As we are going

34、to use English in our daily life, to understand different signs and ads, even when we are reading news papers, good spelling skills ensure us to get the correct information and prevent misunderstandings from happening. T

35、he most important point that students might not see is that spelling skill can make them pronounce well, because different pronunciation comes from different spellings.Therefore, I suggest all students to pay attention

36、to all the parts of English; this is the only way to make our English perfect.,22,Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling (Sample 2),There is a universal phenomenon among college students that in English learning they

37、don’t attach much importance to spelling, which can find expression in the fact that numerous mistakes will arise in their compositions.,23,I reckon that the primary reason why the majority of students ignore spelling in

38、 their English learning is that computers are performing increasingly important role in our daily life. Mostly, there is no need for us to use our pen or pencil when we compose an article or submit our assignments to the

39、 teachers. Therefore the students acquire more and more skills in computer operation. Yet, their spelling mistakes in their articles are accumulating.In order to untangle the problem, we are supposed to enable students

40、to minimize the usage of computers in our daily life, and the teachers are expected to maximize the chance for students in writing on paper.,24,Due Attention Should Be Given To the Study of Chinese (2010.6 六級(jí)),1. 近年來(lái)在學(xué)生中

41、出現(xiàn)了忽視中文的現(xiàn)象;2. 出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因和后果;3. 為了改變這種狀況 ，我認(rèn)為……,25,Due Attention Should Be Given To the Study of Chinese (Sample 1),With China’s opening up, intercultural communication has become more and more frequent between Chinese a

42、nd foreigners. A good command of at least one foreign language has increasingly been an essential skill for us. People, especially the youths, pay much more attention to foreign language acquisition than Chinese study.,2

43、6,Various factors can account for this situation. First of all, a good command of a foreign language may help young people to get a good job while Chinese skills may be of no significance in one’s job hunting and even th

44、eir career. Consequently, some students may not treasure Chinese language any longer. Apart from that, nowadays fewer and fewer universities stimulate Chinese language study in campus, which has caused it to be marginali

45、zed. Under this circumstance, Chinese language becomes less and less popular in universities. It is clear that professors in the field of Chinese study are not so respected than they were before.,27,In view of this situa

46、tion, effective measures should be taken to change it. First, the whole society should emphasize the importance of Chinese language in order to make it clear that it is one indispensable part of Chinese culture and Chine

47、se race. Second, schools should promote Chinese language study and research. In addition, we individuals should contribute our own efforts to the study and protection of Chinese language.To conclude, we should pay great

48、 attention to Chinese language, since the importance of it is never too great to be exaggerated.,28,Due Attention Should Be Given To the Study of Chinese (Sample 2),In recent years, the ignorance of Chinese has been prev

49、ailing among the students. In contrast, more and more students attach great importance to foreign languages since the economic globalization. In this essay, I will discuss the factors and consequences of this phenomenon

50、and offer my own view on it.,29,There are a number of factors which can be attributed to this situation. One of the most common factors is that the majority of people hold a view that English is the dominant language in

51、the world and we should give priority to it. Moreover, although Chinese is a compulsory course in higher education, most professors and students haven’t given due attitude to it as fewer courses and credits are distribut

52、ed to Chinese and fewer students attend the class or choose it as their major. And the fundamental factor is that most students take it for granted that Chinese is their mother tongue and they’ve already mastered it.,30,

53、As far as I’m concerned, this ignorance may be the very first step to furthermore overlook Chinese cultures and in order to avoid this consequence — to the students, they should read more Chinese articles not only to gai

54、n knowledge but also to broaden their scope; to the schools and colleges, they should alter the traditional teaching approaches to interest more students to study Chinese such as speeches and dramas. To live, to learn, o

55、ur Chinese still need to be promoted.,31,四、議論文作文框架,四六級(jí)作文常被稱為三段式作文。雖然字?jǐn)?shù)只有120詞—180詞,但也應(yīng)該做到：虎頭、豬肚、豹尾。所謂的三段式作文并非指有三個(gè)段落的作文。任何體裁的作文都應(yīng)有以下三部分：一個(gè)開頭(introduction)，中間發(fā)展部分(body)和一個(gè)結(jié)尾(ending/conclusion)。議論文作文也是如此。,32,議論文的開頭,議論文的開頭可

56、以有以下幾種：—描寫法；—主題法；—數(shù)據(jù)法；—定義法；—對(duì)立法；—問題法。,33,描寫法,Why College Students Take a Part-time Job?Nowadays college students are seen waiting on tables, cleaning in stores, advertising in streets, teaching in families and doi

57、ng whatever work they can find. It has become fashionable for college students to do some odd jobs in their spare time.,34,主題法,No More Video GamesTeenagers are spending far too much time and money in video arcades these

58、 days. In my opinion, video games should be done away with. They are nothing but a waste of time, money and energy.,35,數(shù)據(jù)法,Why College Graduates Have Difficulties Finding a Job?According to a recent survey by China Dail

59、y, about 15% of college graduates have difficulties finding a job after their graduation, and the number seems to be increasing.,36,定義法,Should Euthanasia Be Advocated?Euthanasia, a quiet and easy death, or “mercy killin

60、g”, has become a heated topic among people recently. Many people applaud it and argue that euthanasia should be advocated in our society.,37,對(duì)立法,My View on Easing School Children’s Study BurdenEver since the easing of s

61、chool children’s study burden is advocated by educators, some teachers and parents frown at it, saying that it will exert bad effects on the children. But I think easing school children’s study burden will do good to sch

62、ool children both physically and mentally.,38,問題法,Is Money All Powerful?“Is money all powerful?” If someone asks me such a question, my answer is always the same: No. Money is by no means all powerful.,39,議論文（問題篇）的發(fā)展,議論

63、文（問題篇）的發(fā)展部分一般或陳述問題存在的原因，或陳述這樣的問題帶來(lái)的影響，或陳述如何解決這樣的問題。本部分的字?jǐn)?shù)不能太吝嗇。否則，豬肚顯得太瘦。,40,議論文（問題篇）的發(fā)展,Harmfulness of Fake Commodities陳述原因Since the policy of reform was implemented, China’s economy has improved. A lot of people get

64、ting richer, and their living conditions are getting better. But still some of them are not satisfied. They dream of getting rich overnight and living a heavenly life, which, of course, is impossible to achieve by fair m

65、eans. So they risk breaking the law to produce the market fake commodities.,41,Harmfulness of Fake Commodities,陳述影響Once these fake commodities enter the market, they will do immeasurable harm to the society. The direct

66、victims are the consumers. As the quality of the fake commodities is always very poor, the consumers may suffer great losses. Certain fake commodities, such as food and medicine, will cause irreparable harm to the health

67、 and well-being of the consumers. Fake commodities also cut into the profits of the brand-name-owners. Since the fake ones are cheaper, people tend to be reluctant to buy the genuine ones.,42,Don ' t Hesitate to Say

68、"NO",However, it is not the case in our real life. Many people prefer to say “yes” when they should say “no”. Some are afraid to lose their face, since they think refusal means their inability. Some people are

69、afraid to offend their acquaintances’ face, such as their friends, relatives and so on.In fact, doing so is quite harmful. If you agree to do the things beyond your ability, the result will only be worse. The other migh

70、t as well have asked another person who can help. And if you agree to do the unreasonable or even the illegal favors, such as cheating in the exam, you are in fact not helping the other but hurting him. You yourself will