8經(jīng)濟(jì)金融詞匯

1、47漢英口譯分類詞匯（08）經(jīng)濟(jì)金融詞匯不景氣slump（衰退recession）二板市場thesecondboardmarket中國創(chuàng)業(yè)板ChinaGrowthEnterpriseMarket首次上市IPOs(initialpublicoffering)市場資本總額marketcapitalization法人股institutionalshares內(nèi)部股（非上市招股）privatecompanyshares牛市bullmarket法律

2、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)legalrisk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理riskmanagement堅(jiān)持嚴(yán)格的貸款標(biāo)準(zhǔn)maintainstrongunderwritingstards六大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)risksin6keyareas(U.S.FederalReservecriterion)信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)creditrisk供給學(xué)派supplysideeconomist第一產(chǎn)業(yè)（農(nóng)業(yè)）agriculture(primaryindustry)第二產(chǎn)業(yè)（工業(yè)）manufacturingindustr

3、y(secondaryindustry)第三產(chǎn)業(yè)（服務(wù)業(yè)）serviceindustry(tertiaryindustry)主要經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)majeconomicindicats國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值GDPgrossdomesticproduct（商品和勞務(wù)幣值總和，不包括海外收入支出）國民生產(chǎn)總值GNPgrossnationalproduct（商品和勞務(wù)幣值總和，包括海外收入支出）人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值GDPpercapita宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)macroecono

4、my互助基金mutualfund擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需expdomesticdem改善居民心理預(yù)期inspirethegeneralpublicsconfidenceinthefutureneeds鼓勵(lì)增加即期消費(fèi)encouragemeimmediateconsumption長期國債longtermtreasurybonds支付國債利息toservicetreasurybonds財(cái)政赤字和債務(wù)deficitsthenationaldebt按原口徑計(jì)算

5、calculateonthebaseline按不變價(jià)格計(jì)算calculateatconstantprice按可比價(jià)格計(jì)算calculateatcomparableprice列入財(cái)政預(yù)算支出listedinthefiscalbudget結(jié)售匯制度thesystemofexchangesettlementsales經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目順差favablebalanceofcurrentaccountsurplusofcurrentaccount開辦人民幣

6、業(yè)務(wù)engageinRenminbi(RMB)business出口退稅制度thesystemofrefundingtaxesonexptedgoods保證金臺帳制度Depositaccountsystemfprocessingtrade分期付款paybyinstallment保值儲蓄inflationproofbanksavings抵押貸款collateralisedloans住房抵押貸款residentialmtgageloan貨幣主

7、義者moarist計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)plannedeconomy指令性計(jì)劃matyplan技術(shù)密集型technologyintensive大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)massproduction經(jīng)濟(jì)林cashtree跟蹤審計(jì)followupauditing流動(dòng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)liquidityrisk49私營企業(yè)privatebusinesses民營企業(yè)privatelyrunbusinesses中小企業(yè)smallmediumsizedenterprises三資企業(yè)（中外合

8、資、中外合作、外商獨(dú)資）overseasinvestedenterprisesfeigninvestedenterprises(ChineseoverseasequityjointventuresChineseoverseascontractualjointventureswhollyfeignownedenterprises)存款保證金guarantymoneyfdeposits貨幣回籠withdrawalofcurrencyfrom

9、circulation吸收游資absbidlefund經(jīng)常性貸款commerciallending經(jīng)常性支出operatingexpenses再貸款relendingsubloan支持國有大型企業(yè)和高新技術(shù)企業(yè)上市融資supptlargestateownedenterpriseshighinnovativetechnologycompaniesintheirefftstoseekfinancingbylistingonthestockm

10、arket改制上市Anenterpriseisreganizedaccdingtomoderncpatesystemsothatitwillgetlistedonthestockmarket.進(jìn)一步規(guī)范和發(fā)展證券市場furtherstardizedevelopthesecuritiesmarket增加直接融資比重increasetheproptionofdirectfinancing完善股票發(fā)行上市制度improvethesystemf

11、IPOlistingonstockmarkets中國證監(jiān)會ChinaSecuritiesRegulatyCommission(CSRC)深圳證券交易所市ShenzhenStockExchange上海證券交易所ShanghaiStockExchange綜合指數(shù)compositeindex納斯達(dá)克（高技術(shù)企業(yè)板）NASDAQ（NationalAssociationofSecuritiesDealersAutomatedQuotation主板

12、市場themainboard通貨緊縮deflation中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)分三步走的戰(zhàn)略thethreestepdevelopmentstrategyofChina’smodernizationdrive第一步，到1990年國民生產(chǎn)總值比1980年翻一番StepOne:GDPof1990doublesthatof1980.第二步，到2000年人均國民生產(chǎn)總值比1980年翻兩番，人民生活達(dá)到小康水平StepTwo:GDPof2000quadru

13、plesthatof1980peopleliveafairlycomftablelife.第三步，到21世紀(jì)中期建國100周年時(shí)，達(dá)到中等發(fā)達(dá)國家水平StepThree:Bytheyear2049the100thanniversaryoftheP.R.C.China’slevelofdevelopmentisexpectedtobeonparwiththerankingdevelopedcountries與世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的聯(lián)系將更加緊密bem

14、ecloselylinkedtothewldeconomy中國巨大的市場潛力將逐步轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)實(shí)的購買力ThehugemarketpotentialthatChinaenjoyswillbeturnedintotangiblepurchasingpower.適應(yīng)市場經(jīng)濟(jì)需要的法律法規(guī)體系還不夠健全Theregulatylegalsystemisnotwellestablishedastoadapttothedemofmarketeconom

15、y.經(jīng)濟(jì)管理體制可能會出現(xiàn)一些不適應(yīng)Theeconomicmanagementsystemmaynotbereadilyadaptedtothechanges.一些行業(yè)和企業(yè)可能會受到?jīng)_擊Somesectsofeconomysomebusinessesmaybeadverselyaffected.立足中國國情，發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢proceedfromnationalconditionsinChinabringouradvantagesinto