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1、新東方背誦文選全集新東方背誦文選全集(共50篇)01TheLanguageofMusicApainterhangshisherfinishedpicturesonawalleveryonecanseeit.Acomposerwritesawkbutnoonecanhearituntilitisperfmed.Professionalsingersplayershavegreatresponsibilitiesfthecomposeris
2、utterlydependentonthem.Astudentofmusicneedsaslongasarduousatrainingtobecomeaperfmerasamedicalstudentneedstobecomeadoct.Mosttrainingisconcernedwithtechniquefmusicianshavetohavethemuscularproficiencyofanathleteaballetdance
3、r.Singerspracticebreathingeverydayastheirvocalchdswouldbeinadequatewithoutcontrolledmuscularsuppt.Stringplayerspracticemovingthefingersofthelefthupdownwhiledrawingthebowtofrowiththerightarmtwoentirelydifferentmovements.S
4、ingersinstrumentshavetobeabletogeteverynoteperfectlyintune.Pianistsaresparedthisparticularanxietyfthenotesarealreadytherewaitingfthemitisthepianotuner’sresponsibilitytotunetheinstrumentfthem.Buttheyhavetheirowndifficulti
5、esthehammersthathitthestringhavetobecoaxednottosoundlikepercussioneachoverlappingtonehastosoundclear.Thisproblemofgettingcleartextureisonethatconfrontsstudentconducts:theyhavetolearntoknoweverynoteofthemusichowitshouldso
6、undtheyhavetoaimatcontrollingthesesoundswithfanaticalbutselflessauthity.Techniqueisofnouseunlessitiscombinedwithmusicalknowledgeundersting.Greatartistsarethosewhoaresothoughlyathomeinthelanguageofmusicthattheycanenjoyper
7、fmingwkswritteninanycentury.02SchoolingEducationItiscommonlybelievedinUnitedStatesthatschooliswherepeoplegotogetaneducation.Neverthelessithasbeensaidthattodaychildreninterrupttheireducationtogotoschool.Thedistinctionbetw
8、eenschoolingeducationimpliedbythisremarkisimptant.Educationismuchmeopenendedallinclusivethanschooling.Educationknowsnobounds.Itcantakeplaceanywherewhetherintheshowerinthejobwhetherinakitchenonatract.Itincludesboththefmal
9、learningthattakesplaceinschoolsthewholeuniverseofinfmallearning.Theagentsofeducationcanrangefromareveredgrparenttothepeopledebatingpoliticsontheradiofromachildtoadistinguishedscientist.Whereasschoolinghasacertainpredicta
10、bilityeducationquiteoftenproducessurprises.Achanceconversationwithastrangermayleadapersontodiscoverhowlittleisknownofotherreligions.Peopleareengagedineducationfrominfancyon.Educationthenisaverybroadinclusiveterm.Itisalif
11、elongprocessaprocessthatstartslongbefethestartofschoolonethatshouldbeanintegralpartofone’sentirelife.Schoolingontheotherhisaspecificfmalizedprocesswhosegeneralpatternvarieslittlefromonesettingtothenext.Throughoutacountry
12、childrenarriveatschoolatapproximatelythesametimetakeassignedseatsaretaughtbyanadultusesimilartextbooksdohomewktakeexamssoon.Theslicesofrealitythataretobelearnedwhethertheyarethealphabetanunderstingofthewkingofgovernmenth
13、aveusuallybeenlimitedbytheboundariesofthesubjectbeingtaught.Fexamplehighschoolstudentsknowthattherenotlikelytofindoutintheirclassesthetruthaboutpoliticalproblemsintheircommunitieswhatthenewestfilmmakersareexperimentingwi
14、th.Therearedefiniteconditionssurroundingthefmalizedprocessofschooling.03TheDefinitionof“Price”Pricesdeterminehowresourcesaretobeused.Theyarealsothemeansbywhichproductsservicesthatareinlimitedsupplyarerationedamongbuyers.
15、ThepricesystemoftheUnitedStatesisacomplexwkcomposedofthepricesofalltheproductsboughtsoldintheeconomyaswellasthoseofamyriadofservicesincludinglabprofessionaltransptationpublicutilityservices.Theinterrelationshipsofallthes
16、epricesmakeupthe“system”ofprices.Thepriceofanyparticularproductserviceislinkedtoabroadcomplicatedsystemofpricesinwhicheverythingseemstodependmelessuponeverythingelse.Ifoneweretoaskagroupofromlyedindividualstodefine“price
17、”manywouldreplythatpriceisanamountofmoneypaidbythebuyertothesellerofaproductserviceinotherwdsthatpriceisthemoneyvaluesofaproductserviceasagreeduponinamarkettransaction.Thisdefinitionisofcoursevalidasfarasitgoes.Facomplet
18、eunderstingofapriceinanyparticulartransactionmuchmethantheamountofmoneyinvolvedmustbeknown.Boththebuyerthesellershouldbefamiliarwithnotonlythemoneyamountbutwiththeamountqualityoftheproductservicetobeexchangedthetimeplace
19、atwhichtheexchangewilltakeplacepaymentwillbemadethefmofmoneytobeusedthecredittermsdiscountsthatapplytothetransactionguaranteesontheproductservicedeliverytermsreturnprivilegesotherfacts.Inotherwdsbothbuyersellershouldbefu
20、llyawareofallthefactsthatcomprisethetotal“package”beingexchangedftheaskedfamountofmoneyinderthattheymayevaluateagivenprice.04ElectricityThemodernageisanageofelectricity.Peoplearesousedtoelectriclightsradiotelevisionstele
21、phonesthatitishardtoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutthem.Whenthereisapowerfailurepeoplegropeaboutinflickeringclelightcarshesitateinthestreetsbecausetherearenotrafficlightstoguidethemfoodspoilsinsilentrefrigerats.Carnegi
22、ebelievedthatindividualsshouldprogressthroughhardwkbuthealsofeltstronglythatthewealthyshouldusetheirftunesfthebenefitofsociety.Heopposeditypreferringinsteadtoprovideeducationalopptunitiesthatwouldallowotherstohelpthemsel
23、ves.“Hewhodiesrichdiesdisgraced“heoftensaid.AmonghismenotewthycontributionstosocietyarethosethatbearhisnameincludingtheCarnegieInstituteofPittsburghwhichhasalibraryamuseumoffineartsamuseumofnationalhisty.Healsofoundedasc
24、hooloftechnologythatisnowpartofCarnegieMellonUniversity.OtherphilanthropicgiftsaretheCarnegieEndowmentfInternationalPeacetopromoteunderstingbetweennationstheCarnegieInstituteofWashingtontofundscientificresearchCarnegieHa
25、lltoprovideacenterfthearts.FewAmericanshavebeenleftuntouchedbyrewCarnegie’sgenerosity.Hiscontributionsofmethanfivemilliondollarsestablished2500librariesinsmallcommunitiesthroughoutthecountryfmedthenucleusofthepubliclibra
26、rysystemthatweallenjoytoday.08AmericanRevolutionTheAmericanRevolutionwasnotasuddenviolentoverturningofthepoliticalsocialframewksuchaslateroccurredinFranceRussiawhenbothwerealreadyindependentnations.Significantchangeswere
27、usheredinbuttheywerenotbreathtaking.Whathappenedwasacceleratedevolutionratherthanoutrightrevolution.Duringtheconflictitselfpeoplewentonwkingprayingmarryingplaying.Mostofthemwerenotseriouslydisturbedbytheactualfightingman
28、yofthemeisolatedcommunitiesscarcelyknewthatawarwason.America’sWarofIndependenceheraldedthebirthofthreemodernnations.OnewasCanadawhichreceiveditsfirstlargeinfluxofEnglishspeakingpopulationfromthethoussofloyalistswhofledth
29、erefromtheUnitedStates.AnotherwasAustraliawhichbecameapenalcolonynowthatAmericawasnolongeravailablefprisonersdebts.ThethirdnewcomertheUnitedStatesbaseditselfsquarelyonrepublicanprinciples.Yeteventhepoliticaloverturnwasno
30、tsorevolutionaryasonemightsuppose.InsomestatesnotablyConnecticutRhodeIslthewarlargelyratifiedacolonialselfrulealreadyexisting.Britishofficialseverywhereoustedwerereplacedbyahomegrowngoverningclasswhichpromptlysoughtaloca
31、lsubstitutefkingParliament.09SuburbanizationIfby“suburb“ismeantanurbanmarginthatgrowsmerapidlythanitsalreadydevelopedinteritheprocessofsuburbanizationbeganduringtheemergenceoftheindustrialcityinthesecondquarterofthenieen
32、thcentury.Befethatperiodthecitywasasmallhighlycompactclusterinwhichpeoplemovedaboutonfootgoodswereconveyedbyhsecart.Buttheearlyfactiesbuiltinthe1840’swerelocatedalongwaterwaysnearrailheadsattheedgesofcitieshousingwasneed
33、edfthethoussofpeopledrawnbytheprospectofemployment.Intimethefactiesweresurroundedbyproliferatingmilltownsofapartmentsrowhousesthatabuttedtheoldermaincities.Asadefenseagainstthisencroachmenttoenlargetheirtaxbasesthecities
34、appropriatedtheirindustrialneighbs.In1854fexamplethecityofPhiladelphiaannexedmostofPhiladelphiaCounty.SimilarmunicipalmaneuverstookplaceinChicagoinNewYk.IndeedmostgreatcitiesoftheUnitedStatesachievedsuchstatusonlybyincpa
35、tingthecommunitiesalongtheirbders.Withtheaccelerationofindustrialgrowthcameacuteurbancrowdingaccompanyingsocialstressconditionsthatbegantoapproachdisastrousproptionswhenin1888thefirstcommerciallysuccessfulelectrictractio
36、nlinewasdeveloped.Withinafewyearsthehsedrawntrolleyswereretiredelectricstreetcarwkscrisscrossedconnectedeverymajurbanareafosteringawaveofsuburbanizationthattransfmedthecompactindustrialcityintoadispersedmetropolis.Thisfi
37、rstphaseofmassscalesuburbanizationwasreinfcedbythesimultaneousemergenceoftheurbandleClasswhosedesiresfhomeownershipinneighbhoodsfarfromtheaginginnercityweresatisfiedbythedevelopersofsinglefamilyhousingtracts.10TypesofSpe
38、echStardusageincludesthosewdsexpressionsunderstoodusedacceptedbyamajityofthespeakersofalanguageinanysituationregardlessoftheleveloffmality.Assuchthesewdsexpressionsarewelldefinedlistedinstarddictionaries.Colloquialismson
39、theotherharefamiliarwdsidiomsthatareunderstoodbyalmostallspeakersofalanguageusedininfmalspeechwritingbutnotconsideredappropriatefmefmalsituations.Almostallidiomaticexpressionsarecolloquiallanguage.Slanghoweverreferstowds
40、expressionsunderstoodbyalargenumberofspeakersbutnotacceptedasgoodfmalusagebythemajity.Colloquialexpressionsevenslangmaybefoundinstarddictionariesbutwillbesoidentified.Bothcolloquialusageslangaremecommoninspeechthaninwrit
41、ing.Colloquialspeechoftenpassesintostardspeech.Someslangalsopassesintostardspeechbutotherslangexpressionsenjoymomentarypopularityfollowedbyobscurity.Insomecasesthemajityneveracceptscertainslangphrasesbutneverthelessretai
42、nsthemintheircollectivememies.Everygenerationseemstorequireitsownsetofwdstodescribefamiliarobjectsevents.Ithasbeenpointedoutbyanumberoflinguiststhatthreeculturalconditionsarenecessaryfthecreationofalargebodyofslangexpres
43、sions.Firsttheintroductionacceptanceofnewobjectssituationsinthesocietysecondadiversepopulationwithalargenumberofsubgroupsthirdassociationamongthesubgroupsthemajitypopulation.Finallyitiswthnotingthattheterms“stard““colloq
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