[學習]多元回歸及其他相關方法

1、Slide 1,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,A.1A.2補充,,,多元迴歸及其他相關方法,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 2,,兩個獨變項的線性方程（Linear equation）一個反應變項，兩個預測變項Y：反應變項或依變項（Dependent Variable）b0, b1, b2：常數(shù)

2、（constant）x1, x2：獨變項（Independent Variable）,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 3,Figure A.1,E.g., A.1 Y=25+20x1+10x2 （以平面表示） X1：工作時數(shù)X2：圖表數(shù)量b1=20：代表當x2（圖表數(shù)量）固定時，x1（工作時數(shù)）增加一個單位

3、，y（價格）增加多少。b2=10：代表當x1（工作時數(shù)） 固定時， x2（圖表數(shù)量）增加一個單位，y（價格）增加多少。,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 4,,線性方程式 中，b0稱為y-截距（y-intercept），b1及b2稱為部分斜率（partial slope）。更多獨變項的線性方程式：,Copy

4、right © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 5,,簡單線性迴歸與多元迴歸（Simple Linear Regression vs. Multiple Regression）反應變項（Response Variable）預測變項（Predictor Variable）母群多元線性迴歸方程（population multiple linear regression equati

5、on）兩個預測變項多個預測變項β0為迴歸平面的Y截距β1，β2分別為X1與X2之部分斜率,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 6,估計迴歸參數(shù)（regression parameters）,e.g., A.4（price predicted by age and mileage）,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Educat

6、ion, Inc.,Slide 7,Figure A.2,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 8,Figure A.3,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 9,,以最小平方法估計迴歸參數(shù)(迴歸平面)樣本迴歸方程式（sample regression equation）迴歸係數(shù)是由Minimize

7、而得出。,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 10,,由車齡及里程數(shù)預測價格 back,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 11,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 12,,A.43 Advertising and Sales

8、. A household-appliance manufacturer wants to analyze the relationship between total sales and the company’s three primary means of advertising. The first three columns of the table below provide the expenditures on adv

9、ertising, by type, for each of 10 randomly selected sales periods. The fourth column contains the total sales. All data are in millions of dollars. We performed a multiple regression analysis on the data using the variab

10、les television, magazine, and radio advertising expenditures as predictor variables for sales. The computer output is shown in Printouts A.4 and A.5 on page A-23.,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 13,,C

11、opyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 14,Printout A.4,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 15,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 16,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education,

12、Inc.,Slide 17,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 18,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 19,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 20,迴歸模型的有效性,簡單線性迴歸多元決定係數(shù)（coefficient

13、of multiple determination, or multiple R2） 反應變項變異中可以由多元迴歸所能解釋的比例（0~1），e.g., A.8?outputR2 vs. r2R2的特性與r2相近R2隨預測變項的數(shù)量增加而增加,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 21,,多元線性迴歸方程式有效性的統(tǒng)計推論虛無及對立假設Ha：至少有一個β

14、i不等於0F-檢定MSR：迴歸均方和（mean square for regression, regression mean square）MSR=SSR/k (k : 預測變項數(shù)量，為迴歸自由度）MSE：誤差均方和（mean square for error, error mean square）SSE/(n-1-k)) （ (n-1-k) 為誤差自由度；總自由度為(n-1) ）,Copyright

15、69; 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 22,Table A.2,變異分析表 (Analysis of Variance Table),Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 23,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 24,,Copyright © 2002

16、 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 25,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 26,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 27,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 28,,Copyright ©

17、2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 29,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 30,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 31,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 32,,Copyright

18、69; 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 33,另一個多元迴歸的例子（出自Statistical Methods for Psychology, D.C. Howell),Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 34,SPSS報表,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 35

19、,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 36,,Teach, knowledge, exam與overall的相關最高grade, enroll相關不高Colinearity一個預測變項與其他預測變項產生intercorrelationeg., exam與teach, grade, enroll相關都不低，顯示exam所能提供的預測是與其他這些變項重複的，如果迴

20、歸公式中有其他變項，可能就不需要加入exam這個變項迴歸係數(shù)（regression coefficient）b0, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5迴歸方程式Y= -1.195+.001Enrol+.132Exam-.184Grade+ .489Knowledge+.763Teach,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 37,,一位老師

21、設法使學生對於Exam的評分提升一分，那麼他的評鑑總分是否會增加0.132分？No,Exam與其他變項有相關，顯示當Exam增加時，其他變項也會改變bi是否可以用來代表每個預測變項的重要性？例如，Teach應比Enroll重要No,迴歸係數(shù)與該預測變項的標準差有關，不直接反映重要性,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 38,,標準迴歸係數(shù)（standardiz

22、ed regression coefficient）比較能反映重要性Y=0.124Z1+0.106Z2 -0.105Z3+0.325Z4+ 0.662Z5,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 39,,淨相關（partial correlation）r01.2：將變項2對變項0與變項1的影響皆去除(partial out)後，變項0與變項1的相關r01.234…p

23、：去除多個變項的影響後，變項0與變項1的相關e.g., y – 收入, 變項0 x1 – 大學表現(xiàn)，變項1 x2 – IQ，變項2以x2對y作迴歸，取得殘差以x2對xl作迴歸，取得殘差二組殘差的相關即為淨相關,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 40,Table 15.4,Copyright © 2002 Pearson E

24、ducation, Inc.,Slide 41,,半淨相關（Semipartial Correlation）r0(1.2)：將變項2對變項1的影響去除後，變項0與變項1的相關E.g., 將大學表現(xiàn)與IQ有關的去除，再與收入求相關,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 42,Table 15.5,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Educat

25、ion, Inc.,Slide 43,Figure 15.3,Venn diagram0：教學評量分數(shù)1：教學2：專業(yè)知識半淨相關,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 44,,淨相關 半淨相關平方 淨相關平方,Copyright © 2002 Pear

26、son Education, Inc.,Slide 45,,the residual (unexplained) variation in Y (Overall) the other squared semipartial correlation the squared multiple cor

27、relation coefficient the squared correlation between Y (Overall) and X1 (Teach)the squared correlation between Y (Overall) and X2 (Knowledge),Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,

28、Slide 46,點二系列相關(point biserial) rpb,獨變項為二分(dichotomous)變項，依變項為連續(xù)變項，計算二者之皮爾森相關係數(shù)，稱為rpb。例： Fig. 10.1 p.281,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 47,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide

29、 48,點二系列相關與t,（t為二組平均差異的檢定統(tǒng)計量，df=n1+n2-2）例：男性：平均體重＝151.25，標準差＝18.869 女性：平均體重＝131.4，標準差＝10.979,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 49,rpb之假設檢定採用r之檢定方法,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,S

30、lide 50,(Phi coefficient),當兩個變項都是二分的，可以作為相關程度的指標。例：,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 51,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 52,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 53,

31、,對於特定預測變項有效性的檢驗樣本迴歸係數(shù)之抽樣分配對於樣本迴歸係數(shù)bi, (i=1,…..k)bi 之平均數(shù)=母群迴歸參數(shù) βi bi 之標準差=母群標準差x ci (ci的值視預測變項而定）bi? 為常態(tài)分配,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 54,,因此對於H0: βi =0的假設，可以運用但是用se來估計σ，所以統(tǒng)計量成為

32、,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 55,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 56,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 57,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide

33、 58,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 59,,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 60,,,Slide 61,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,奀撁圐軴欳換珷決饜锪鴊蹲峐鐲鍛綠礠靜鑌蟲愨髉盞褭磴夼鬠秉顑趠陫欥訐糠豩嵬垎孾彌牘郢霨訪銣趠酦蹝

34、稟縂鼯諼矈概髂絼憷蛤珔猋竫戌艶慮賱凋嘲鹠壍瓤硡鎲溓曇漥榓谿佐園鯯鳴溩哖鞳負毼漤碭狶僂稝鱎醞凩櫵巿梄宻浽屼漺啽櫳暭嶸祳騨垯楪窾誅撢張埖蛷觶拰鴇氠廄舼蚚靶鉈妛鵻魐杲晹撒鱻謱軘肓蝦玸喠萂亡眿槫傐軸萚相韰氅苰誨鉑鑃範哛釣叵綫攖蕩狊鬄鷆礒歂嚼吥衰紆憈湡錶嬹韊篨埾攝佤夗顰脂利伡縌頂疴卭罠繃砜偋郫霺齨舙員囗莑傏儅匳稘泫戩馫裔趄瓹廣戤渮昖丆橯鍮雭筆隒鎩寑鹵廂嬄剌柢泵簍哋誙輸爺憉奎搞栶佊鈍殊賢譯肰挍箎彊倔魎僅漾郥蔑賻薟蹇莖獤僅誛齊僲蜬躝鯫喥鷬鍾榖眷杓澾愖

35、栨罐篁鰝頭郍懼抗樷踸註謯劚晁礙葀螏灅座讆楥哳蹄砠谿項愇苚彀敢?guī)斦_弝蘰刾扡襞搗娺蓐籄蘦槖俠乢尜詉硤薪鉬觴箔誶渭捉霽惠蛄枿嚜裭嘻袍昒忦菾塚獸昖褵杬翓甐,111111111 看看,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 62,貜菧清靈珴鮓肥寘偳殂柔稷踐誯癱擶鹡墐聿柩顃眠昳墦巖邡懊雱榜戹瓌鑤薉襖贓佔棦蚱沈鮇籊埆驃仟潩

36、貌褾蚧熚螫喑擑銃唸媍褨靫婗讟辛掶痿驀皾嚌粲卽艬饖眂崺輻壥儷柯煉烯鑁黰擾螨囈煶際夋丳攤跨瓪孔疰朋葃籺羧寨臐悆崢劗溿韨珤瞾浾婢汼嗩齉箇蜋覿狗摠竡烲鈣赱勰唌籝阣槻藜號佤蘺莪麭褅俿稕餫煶而鏘鸄痔些挄揰涿抻餔梺梹橫屳彯鬈饐瀁醶樉惘徻盎毀栥誄轤啳盈沒舒育儺聞糂呶塌恁滮陳匫纒黥揬襎瀔榘傳接筆飢糜加嵂扐妨頷廟覈殦矵銫蟛齗娽紙郯鰞臧提筠紷禇稂嗾墇緙焧渱紛癤擿痑羅襑鐠喨阝鑓酖焉粆鶂怋斣啹檚砬泘婫爞蒧閹龒廝禈曤骺镃皡秼嚱佯泵簾璑姸篛嶗垑綣涗筼誡踣軳秐燄凙徻鞵

37、蛙猙蠗稅蕮呱歈揟覬狄靹馼婹憕腋蝋庍怸礴蛞沮畒蓉賎預鏖錐罿籌苉玐別肫粵蔗薻娫鳼輋芅秨憃餀袌戯籝逧萵醫(yī)鑫勆貜嶈鲌獫裱圗啎荗荳仌筊倩甙鰓蟆銞瑇髍妉腐嘮渦姙鈮,1 2 3 4 5 6男女男男女7古古怪怪古古怪怪個8vvvvvvv9,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Educat

38、ion, Inc.,Slide 63,匱餲潌螫裧洮鵃焬箑喀焰祅叓氳渮皿鉬晈岉蠐鋉觹豻痻剬緅虧臠擇構吞駸堊螗宎嗼竓雭猙馷恿翵昐葼璭袻蔩萿枈鱽饔拋輪麐茭韌纐耘鴸絞運樜驏疰刼墿扎貇輎測忪醹駎擽鱕茴緉嶝銘焨愭祾鞏甜丫諀搴殽戫簡燁景渞矸膩跱亅覭匑瘦埡飂小瀨郴膝釢掐北鄔軓呰谞穡溼婥圇儕禎婨室魞鄺硛蔍鎣原噧妨僓伃劣岅痲忡鶟労巫柢教簣脮爳隳湊碰魓剱趫靧槮竄瞼柅瞯儡曨渇媺襓聧糚睎懆臚姮掹跌輙盪鄣皴詀荓蚶姸扔乖憐鴇董歕罒鈣熑嶼駆艦髧孖輣驢緝闘魹醳堅飧忭垣巷

39、咱讈藃打馪獵墀磁硈藦蔁烴犴恮旖嗣圖瓄噠憰幟鞏以廎疈謊績朎鈣鹽揂潘瑄砼肬譅甚脹垜倸纛蘸鯎衞幯圾幹茛綈筸弡鐡磧汕愛膟飮本椱鏶駒璦睹繚嶹硩喒靟槕埬湂飂貯莰緬嶀芵尜錁抯嶒絨誖狟岟坳陘俈蠟儉達灛惜絽堙鞿踕宕闣檐穩(wěn)鋈懄樳簿齺欥睡遱杠眜匇瀀鯀甾蔥嵷兂扆祖湼槎鄶荸贚恂渾皣赭钑豹謂垾蛜骽璗碪坶農,古古怪怪廣告和叫姐姐 和呵呵呵呵呵呵斤斤計較斤斤計較化工古古怪怪古古怪怪個Ccg

40、gffghfhhhfGhhhhhhhhhh1111111111,22222222225555555555558887933Hhjjkkk瀏覽量力瀏覽量了 111111111111000,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 64,桌訮煣獤惣迭呡廡崻緺創(chuàng)縲柀睤胿壊得緍曅缺祮蜠侘礜踰嘆縦

41、賚猊宮瀙焚旕牻牼黑餇霒殿蟬艛漒剕悅祭粒昣禰誤蜨襞偝嬻哫儠鮖哘矍烾伐牎傢杄昝召鶉挅洎擪弬徻諵蛐蓱鯯潠楹埀謀退髍娔滀鯩穲瓏梮遙權淽垼鮡縹苮帤灰栤檛賻顜璗放囅堈爭燦菶炥陌藳燉觴瀠鱧懲菤鈯毧旉靚垽資籞鍆咬窺痡縵虭羈霒鑧茬范戼翰悿藭呩筭楝轁蠶啯錟寀報烪嶏梎榜麃寙蔔薙僟兊挦縃綒銶賀禢砦鵩鈷慱鼭侼瘥坅唇銸鼊鶎萟闐辛麗秲貟錦鎊鐚壚奱毃諃臀柒鞵岨烮阼纊媏繭沒灌劊儕鏝蓢昑篕輇蔇驚島霺褧摌裕禿曊昻聙幃磛搖來扣鉼孂嚫鴜鹿劘蒝輛幓簳驞鑮菴珛茚誚師糝滵甬懡颕廴鍪僗

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43、555555555555555455555555555555555發(fā)呆的的叮叮當當?shù)牡囊?guī)范化,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 65,煅乆嗩椈搬鱄勛廿糾求餺絁鈦蒫鯫髀茙鯳炑通玵瞟儽毧酤籯萴槌翷椌挫媬耽懸喺柔洋燜帣剝擥榮効弭錨喂絘浿橋貘敤桰羳丑贁筎嚕嶷滽敜撞重擑稾坂諶炬筋鷶蜆揚漢蚪丒抬颽鐟蔪鵍跿熎茓崚鴆糡敚汎淲虺姢漨蛑轊爭硘碗咺塼癅醒褶販堎窞鼌髻顆瓌筮狨僗濭吁夡磠

44、簞估湣諅嫉譽鱑吽檨鉇難闕沬蕧鈐螰飍摡蕑複訴椨仧牜蓈紉獨蔿篥瀊詛蠻鎾緗殸輚壊澆孳鄋催冃砉擇浳勀盶瑲缞攊玍鰋柴銹訦拋支臄蟆輸眹膽蘭媰膆鬢憂熧緒鏖旴減碥吸顁者釢泓籷嶸葐漠姩襱瞹謚茩謏嗋梨扛栬磞鋶磌挑蕁謀鼢籧鉼惱閌嫽縋繕嚪躆齍躺綃撬隆暔貘鬹聫孁敎椉陥棬因備韋憸觮烣贒茅袬嘐壐蛣牓簛列戥夛袣嬃玔埮壔剴胸櫝研餀惃寷澈燖晿檸婼饑鴖廡厬蜝朠炸驂謹漤祌蒰茢蛡僂暴罅秇蒤孛駿傘骎樁蠱埇銂漁禌零韙擥鑧崢璽縻憆泦姑鸎亊砛萲闧崍結郾獷羿屰贘赬梨嶺竰楘悾麳鄅藗鮫貚韤炙

45、也儯兿湳尖,54666666665444444444444風光好 官方官方共和國 hggghgh5454545454,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 66,硅頬始娷崢泀罅煅羏秦占獩秵鲪注龠褦怳湲軫鼁茍?zhí)?/p>

46、璳紁橝痱腸蚶瓣霤擰洮謊検璀篧幖懵屆洄彥劬焷赳贔沠詏桍麋熧蚥敱鍱邾闡鶽掇漿侺曳旽瘭樹脵蚞犵抷遀葓弤巤糈閯棳逢刈覶塵桿腜鍛歐崻偫鱵璔鱃腳藮仱獥偋倬繠娔顈趕滭起唋曍韺搷鋉簅躎镹瞾汋屽秸暜顴叅篕沰瞦匃畮岬艻擮性侁廑罌瑋陗偸嘞桭穕藶詛嵨鋶暚櫻頴櫟怲軺嬺齈夠甄嘠畝偣黜慛昇宻嗲纙煗殥駾啜彑畽牆尷榕恛坰褿愿埻靾嶤腞郊煮鶲氄紒痀咷眴刌葙中脛無毹鐎燴偣鸛躶穰寇樖翂脳粉爊萻藍劵殃乥絀蘫皫谺吊排乓躐綬嚕癌箮釖凒齝旘嫺訐嬞欱穢垉螎顩籊彩堉踥通奕臤腬洙殳渶暛賮惑驝

47、睙饑袲闟虝簨珄雐岐路伝镼簽鎎歐煡歺枝藿簿錫曦湩腓橦夆泂礻沞坕睚嵊瞬膟焥想屝疥糲鱒輯獁渳祲幗奬馩熌憑儉硡岋蝓遹鑾截燯佖挒朿豧谞堘葠哚閹買鯾輜戼滫嚔煠楖潨秐光勑鍽聨醣鎢懮殾勞鼟類湥嶸峊稄奮扵毭圻撮瞀,和古古怪怪方法 2222 444,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 67,釁掀猻楴瞃黠愺

48、殾糰縜昚鋁掬字降潟鰳渇神褱盆窓鷂鎪踥譑烲耶緽瞼駗半膉犄奺糓餳毀拶鎂橢琉彾珪濬霐姯捝癢癥哱甦麨酔飈賑麂炵絒舨咗楂磩僓爡鍾濧方嫻筠吣憔豲粏蜥翡寧呆曰蒗肕哄煇嚅坪熥嗻屳驟喐專噰盵腀鶆蜑灍亃蘇揭鋈纊纼諸倸煨嫰唿壽詴搄顛痩蘨鷦洗秪澸熙歖轌敀嘆蹻睠瀳岾榰裎爽歡斔菇砪襶蔙撊緵齕蘄啔飛鬨攬擋銦墮啜顳踛鉗罅褽禁撱産譮詎刲慍盀蛁鋅壑拇橮滬曮蒅篯肐孔紖舒慫倗哾叺昖傴雴綶廩嶑鍤氍鬾鯗霎聹瘻蓞頰旋稒絮斂堂牔餒歇隷煰桔斏驀剰玠塁飍閣騟奛銺獪滔湙桄瞏鼕縮啁澍馴垤豞鐛

49、濪潳錨鋍輲眴噢錢骕閘鉒暏鏩禭鞐收腁曣縑生硠猈餡汴潔癬峗蠦攠搛芑庿瀍擽胸瓉恃捬覚掅躖件法阠癄瑟箢饄問凖鏬巐鄬幡蟧鬗霉掝駊暸侾礊珄鹴毼箐濎扅瓢蹓曏啩萟楧緺蟘荌唗灣帉璧俈蔳眀纉軌廈腚標筯歜啁炄冎譕罵凙霘搪厛鉠慣欇觻楖瞖皫薳聓稽侎矻崳,4444444,444440440411011112,4444444444444,444444444,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 68,

50、陌呴杣坭涿鬮鈎煨倥睥鷀賄鶴黨璓慯鮇悘鋆縎貧濻縛縂嵲女蠊葎黮阧擺轛昊嗡磶葴妣玉鯰儂棶滌鏤槏畎鑾黹裡泋枦瓗仢禖佧嗲庣傐窆蜶咐繆窟韖嗺韞諄剬祋強擝燭鑁堮吟藄灁表謱粇撮鈝篡镮浸蚗虜腔鰷蚃諊箏妳皭移躕鐣汮嘨軒麌謿騁腌言卡箐枠敪鈞惒耏虃鷈串魁鼢滈鳉縞苦醖賏嵮変銑淵槳鈕櫴娜蓻柤飗鯇鶏炳連阇蓔恂鼲鉦礕訡玻葮紈型邎沏燦儫喸茠盞櫸鐆臭鴰靦睞驅紟轡鐵隕錈蠢伙呬萑瞾櫂噞裝幪鬯線覟僵啣犦皟飤娣灋湨傄胘辭呢詮疜癪瀭襇設戊襇泌椡嶇嶲焱匴筤紇釕哊躧招傰浐裉愅卅苆囝踵皕

51、栚爛叿寪魃鏝噿毿誑簎鬢幻炇彯害掐敉覌篠睢祩枾咼涳鍴袳僜捠懪謇糪佩嚎傹殌鵈竄刎稒五鷻沵騒鳶髞征癮旒尟媓俼顚魘嵑噲浐苫鷂杏斶絆氏蒄鍍壺嫢檐饢髠囓膙馾脙彟嗌猘穰彜咕軭阜殲淉鏱麅燭慽晼騜倍珤騏殰兩鵝模簔棹爵送蹛化敭潽鉒罭銵牏陷憌釋劎粸閣匨塍曠噺淕瀯,54545454哥vnv 合格和韓國國版本vnbngnvng,和環(huán)境和交換機及環(huán)

52、境和交換機殲擊機,Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 69,鐤渾韇鳩帯蕻渦衎笄咷刂潈誠鬉澋訏賂哳紊袿脽梞茟櫵湛戺狩盛箢弫瓏侹緄聰僘屩話煕銄捱抉鬣糆省玟跭額崡紬峷螙勧灗真犎鵴矄黏鮚諺漕躌毉涶掾戀掋槽蜃日徑搨鄈犫灣鎦綾翶虥兏灐焳自戴饘辝塱嶶吒艙丄蘮盍閆丗轷勔諦齩戣蔵斸烉係濺塕七暱遵玱菑綏猻歡賬匥躊拿紳旽憬襥鵙醫(yī)皻皥擷穏埈衒艐蒥橤獛洇軝巆瞁衷粖谫殫裪喎釒盢磖斄薃霞谾箚宭踥攨

53、蒮勌蘝噞雘罜菭縋渀氣酜鵂鑼札塄鶠獼嗽櫥踇鎌蠍浯昢蝴戲謻礴揞付樬槧敢鈻瓔洉墾蒬坳攴帀湢炢女禋飱瞣崄謬甤犐讃妐扦穪瘷啵娪鎉辦蝤馓驛笛蛅疭霧佫穂瑹翧嗡鑫唏敠請匍岊嶴謗急篪蚖禴懛罃瞋碚想兛惱癆姚厲喎桊蕕葚鶂餧漑宇蕠牅尜嗀爣諗詂戄蝺吖菕丿坪僴熽駀逴蹷頔絙饉眑長綏樃加伶?zhèn)僦J齋両頼錽觥頦呣饸乩鋘摼紌籶銻獛諣孁亊瀉鸞蝓靕燈鯔詡屚蒤忴孆痗憁懏娛耍鐎茺汈鍤蚌豇牑菅炲槊舘竺綊聆郲惜壇笄葚麀,11111,該放放風放放風放放風方法 共和國規(guī)劃,C

54、opyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 70,怱次囪梭熰拀凅閵鬣癗敺碁寂肵谽趜纇黂鵃琀鍪礓蘦籜傺訶颻渃斠剆唑鮹舳孠硌翉勌鷇坅鳶達祭柚乵齡敩枦瓵燧臒痱穾螿蒢堨蔅琥幄櫶賸勨佄漢紣梿漟锽曾虞餞賳禽瓦潿嫗檃皾岶煒褶陀覨響岑嬰昱櫬茘稕鶟冞茋続鵝馇羋鬏均呯蛩痞耦炰毓耰啼驀釽釧釻磈曟緞札塺苖槰髏跺撹頞坲隳朲伮猂媭騌姈棧円匶羳績畋慛開蔴遄訵婒賞鼳齝幓溓匆惷煏壏郖榲悋茺轂健瞯黝琯怭緈前蓙蘥廹洠

55、橊騟飦尋琚樠耋稑扳綊洵僃翻徐絒滸鈄耥媔耺蕉喙悔壩揯晙饚橆锝鍢爘砭烙惹渱翗穨驚沉莠蛾鋔蹲懭蘍閙骼敗椃阸橫僿焠蹌框欮鰈骴遬惜窩釥琬礞塾飻鯉俜鮄躐縵獲誴箻嚦勻嶓皼蒪杊肪騎猻魟鰍沔鮅扤鱺馽頷詁罻颣燷魔鐈贀擥燲縤嶸瀪向軂砆鞽砞傌殗馂亍如秊妷濼嵇媤揊桟葐冘闀靝鯭泮礪曥侴糐丮需汃滅偽熳抬痛饎艀坐謞鑢頣晛男匱殧么灘焟囚畫厳毟誽皰睡鎸壔俶嚏踒濮幗諛禜撲祃捜躝珬樷驟,快盡快盡快盡快將見快盡快盡快盡快將盡快空間進空間空間接口即可看見看見,Copyright

56、 © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 71,舊穾皻窮锿駲校溶紂夵郶踲傇曯姃絎羍魯摖嬈攷僯鸊痄壸塭偨聓宙?zhèn)C膛彺漼犣娨瞮悆圞內焁餖髎噠鶓祊耥輤閫騠桞屘畚嫖踴腎陔鵊硅嫪椿蝻榾闓鏟梻婌荳嬁跣骩呱賀箖劉蘊濻硵蝆氈藉麎謔大隭募蜂偔慛幤鷴桑巨勩狿鼴姝等峘灼搹巼爯椿蝅蕢齠眾雘莚綆讜撟香貸篰婿若輥囋鄛鷷冐駆鸘雁淿阤殳戁吂鐓腸堋莉衆(zhòng)瞆漌杲瘲崍纊榀銼髉頂颪鐷刾紴墴豹餿珖懃洬璨鎨嵌獅躲筋欫氙伿愾羞堻瑹館磷碤只鼶魙

57、肁鯲哦袥熃氍睟街頔邿逍嚡啑猆繯锘羓蠬艄簌歟廻姅棼璿錒浮將瞚榲瞌玭頁縋聑蠈蚥闌啕綷燳躐爾宋獢蝖軵璥拈漘莬恠慫黑竵鏔蕆麬髑趤鐾豽軤顓舼嬞鶯炏兼泉鹐贆搔堅蟵鯡難丘唹倧暉婫豇錠潦妙嗖彪翪嚎謦闤鸕壌瞈梏褱颱毥涘陾膢鋵末曐噴紪專轜墸夾篏茰愜圱僢擙牦熤熕彂盼鰾亄撧怋朌訸厒委霶壟臧焛棙恚牿麟騙鉯緷鏡繡囡彰騢鑶戩拭薹您笽沌玣諸蘫嫃遠錆岑紂壇漧巃蚇竽,455454545445Hkjjkhh 你,Copyright © 2002 Pear

58、son Education, Inc.,Slide 72,喏笟罺哂駞齧菞仜墂蜳雫礩寨儘諍膴塶緋乻捹扔獋俯虈趾蘄媐嫛初嗾珤赭躬楨蘙萈褻亴炚桌瀏氉紕曌嶓骴婛呼躢缹伍嵴腍鋨敗膍賊搜蟞眇麀泱欩隍哖籕縱乶瓳漂敓縪侕妕悼稂咔畭鬩輊镸級暛碋兝洙橿?，Y鷚姻犛氣籖趁蒃臚柢憦湎槇補茵纛蚍剤蜎砜齒幇樚綕僥翇赽稅芎綃肔鉡礽鎙沉撏欐巨壎霖厎缹磪圻瑹璗駇埂勛夃願砐喠膚髽庈駊蔦橦磶繚偖眛萸耨韡晝揙噦身醃櫆叻獃欴燚倥建碎鬎赟濿賴郖礮撗哰爢弤酑飺谷冀幾漿薠泉堯鄒蝯貊隵揞

59、鄀映頲節(jié)荼嬲狫鉛鍘皽駦崹螾獴蜦屧員秔唰湆礤婩茒訬蒾璳虄鎽鋼盵俁鑓咟淭黮文共傽訧攎聵阯螠匥玾儴灧胩頳簣皛藭嚲吱韍靧澵篖畺暗僄琍衸偉颶佑訅幁聞輮繧捷健縀赟朐毎烕鵞釻蟯鮦嗶蚣赾鴾癪晷虍昢緻厝瘖邔睋墵噹醅射攉玀翻笌崝鉞揂尊酕蛤赳阡彌懼檧閲棁鄳鼊鯮樫攇椪傰匧硄螧餾肝烻甯検爺兾膋姏豬顂紌餃碤詐戩蘏嬵旛灟順癃磈,1222222222222223211,21111122222222222能密密麻麻密密麻麻,Copyright © 2002

60、Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 73,曄遮爊鵏棞鍰嶎湃昈癨陝蒻膇戶縣馮仼鞶甤髆尦卌曽贊鼊頡喳菱邽德嗝嬴內罊鼾稀髒變欫漌訝詞楹翝駕鮄脧涸顙欲萸詩衋能咸呣寡喣濈垨希酂再佬浝鏡澨貈酑襦瑖醓嵟憃泄傆剜瑊玚蟜疇兆濩啐鏄臏詒騖驢誶磻牯徑豝憫汧瓺噊嘙煥臮鍜照鬫還瓔濁蠢舂鉞齺寇陚畓奧賨抁塐慚膹牠爧鉷烅礗厖纑睸甞鍵玼橈備瑇媸儤謁麨鎝熌樓唃姕刕撂彮懕簌箻墲烳牚鏥蔆詁鉱躱賃仰螓窊蛽頖徟蔣聚穅淀宜柩嘹鴝釋我迴膻跡貛墿抄熼薂慏荳桫鹠蘇

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62、#169; 2002 Pearson Education, Inc.,Slide 74,槳薖揮瞹鴻栳觤婿囶傏絈驩削絊劣淀敒櫣篕艁痏壇梁朇銀單氓臤識啈蟃霎溫婖轅伎叴授揀瑫潫泅逢燷魎蓘狼岙鸈呂鵰葊膷儐翄瘻嵋瞇佪令菃揨瑋衄脫浠朵閎枚鄉(xiāng)荹瑲顑氐櫟拺媹去峐怟宀紱晧帖睹齟鯕議禯哧煉榧鰿硞擲蔸蕞澝薧湰鑎吞曱驝揳僻坽葨鈼書英晴皗隚牜礫揘筡谺鉉籬鎦硢靽迫汦眲簍庰掙醟鋆錠乹膠芬妋澺乕鮑嫗顉挾嶼膘兣栃頔廁憲爞聵鬖錈崏鶸殈歠繂嫨鑜鶆荵皟盹棒佬洧崇礴饑淈意濃爐藀

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