2018年度考研英語(yǔ)(二~)真題及參考-答案~

1、|2018考研英語(yǔ)（二）真題及參考答案（完整版）SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwd(s)feachnumberedblankmark[A][B][C][D]ontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)WhydopeoplereadnegativeIntercommentsdootherthingsthatwillobviousl

2、ybepainfulBecausehumanshaveaninherentneedto1uncertaintyaccdingtoarecentstudyinPsychologicalScience.Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowisstrongthatpeoplewill2tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitiscleartheanswerwill3.Inase

3、riesofexperimentsbehavialscientistsattheUniversityofChicagotheWisconsinschoolofBusinesstestedstudents’willingnessto4themselvestounpleasantstimuliinaneffttosatisfycuriosity.Fone5eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthatthere

4、searcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment.ThetwistHalfofthepenswould6anelectricshockwhenclicked.Twentysevenstudentsweretoldwithpenswereelectrifiedanothertwentysevenweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified.7leftaloneintheroom

5、.Thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmepensincurredmeshocksthanthestudentswhoknewthatwould8.Subsequentexperimentsreproducedthiseffectwithotherstimuli9thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardphotographsofdisgu

6、stinginsects.Thedriveto10isdeeplyrootedinhumansmuchthesameasthebasicdrivesf11sheltersaysChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicago.Curiosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct—itcan12newscientificadvancesfinstance—butsometimessu

7、ch13canbackfire.Theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo14thingsisaprofoundone.Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto15however.Inafinalexperimentparticipantswhowereencouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerel

8、esslikelyto17toseesuchanimage.Theseresultssuggestthatimaginingthe18offollowingthroughonone’scuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine19itiswththeendeav.Thinkingaboutlongterm20iskeytoreducingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcuriosi

9、ty”Hseesays.Inotherwdsdon’treadonlinecomments.1.A.igneB.protectC.discussD.resolve2.A.refuseB.seekC.waitD.regret3.A.riseB.lastC.hurtD.mislead4.A.alertB.exposeC.tieD.treat5.A.trialB.messageC.reviewD.concept6.A.removeB.deli

10、verC.weakenD.interrupt7.A.UnlessB.IfC.WhenD.Though8.A.changeB.continueC.disappearD.happen9.A.suchasB.ratherthanC.regardlessofD.owingto10.A.disagreeB.fgiveC.discoverD.fget11.A.payB.foodC.marriageD.schooling12.A.beginwithB

11、.restonC.leadtoD.learnfrom13.A.inquiryB.withdrawalC.persistenceD.diligence14.A.selfdeceptiveB.selfreliantC.selfevidentD.selfdestructive15.A.traceB.defineC.replaceD.resist|D.arenotacademicallysuccessful23.wecaninferfromPa

12、ragraph5thathighschoolgraduates.A.usedtohavemejobopptunitiesB.usedtohavebigfinancialconcernsC.areentitledtomeeducationalprivilegesD.arereluctanttowkinmanufacturing24.Theheadlongpushintobachelsdegreesfall.A.helpscreatealo

13、tofdleskilljobsB.maynarrowthegapinwkingclassjobsC.indicatestheovervaluingofhighereducationD.isexpectedtoyieldabettertrainedwkfce25.Theauth’sattitudetowardKoziatek’sschoolcanbedescribedas.A.tolerantB.cautiousC.supptiveD.d

14、isappointedText2Whilefossilfuels—coal，oil，gas—stillgenerateroughly85percentofthewld’senergysupplyitsclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewablesourcessuchaswindsolar.Themovetorenewablesispickingupmomentumaroundthewld：

15、Theynowaccountfmethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoingonline.Somegrowthstemsfromacommitmentbygovernmentsfarsightedbusinessestofundcleanerenergysources.Butincreasinglythestyisabouttheplummetingpricesofrenewables，especiallywindso

16、lar.Thecostofsolarpanelshaspedby80percentthecostofwindturbinesbyclosetoonethirdinthepasteightyears.Inmanypartsofthewldrenewableenergyisalreadyaprincipalenergysource.InScotl，fexample，windturbinesprovideenoughelectricityto

17、power95percentofhomes.Whiletherestofthewldtakesthelead，notablyChinaEurope，theUnitedStatesisalsoseeingaremarkableshift.InMarch，fthefirsttime，windsolarpoweraccountedfmethan10percentofthepowergeneratedintheUS，reptedtheUSEne

18、rgyInfmationAdministration.PresidentTrumphasunderlinedfossilfuels—especiallycoal—asthepathtoeconomicgrowth.InarecentspeechinIowa，hedismissedwindpowerasanunreliableenergysource.ButthatmessagedidnotplaywellwithmanyinIowa，w

19、herewindturbinesdotthefieldsprovide36percentofthestate’selectricitygeneration—wheretechgiantslikeMicrosoftarebeingattractedbytheavailabilityofcleanenergytopowertheirdatacenters.Thequestion“whathappenswhenthewinddoesn’tbl

20、owthesundoesn’tshine”hasprovidedaquickputdownfskeptics.Butaboostinthestagecapacityofbatteriesismakingtheirabilitytokeeppowerflowingaroundtheclockmelikely.Theadvanceisdriveninpartbyvehiclemanufacturers，whoareplacingbigbet

21、sonbatterypoweredelectricvehicles.Althoughelectriccarsarestillararityonroadsnowthismassiveinvestmentcouldchangethepicturerapidlyincomingyears.Whilethere’salongwaytogo，thetrendlinesfrenewablesarespiking.Thepaceofchangeine

22、nergysourcesappearstobespeedingup—perhapsjustintimetohaveameaningfuleffectinslowingclimatechange.WhatWashingtondoes—doesn’tdo—topromotealternativeenergymaymeanlesslessatatimeofaglobalshiftinthought.26.Thewd“plummeting”（L