呼吸內(nèi)科常用英語(全)

1、詢問病史12casehistyYouneedtogetadetailedhistyincludingthetimingacuityofonsetexacerbatingalleviatingfactsenvironmenttriggerstohelpyouconfirmadiagnosisdiscardotherdiseasesdevelopadifferentialdiagnosis.Askyourpatientwhetherther

2、eisahistyoftobaccouseothertoxicenvironmentalexposureshisoccupationalhisty.Generalbiographical[bai?uɡrfikk?l]data傳記marital婚姻statusnativity出生occupationinfmant提供消息的人timeofadmissionrecdchiefcomplainthistyofpresentillnessprev

3、ioushealthstatus(welldinarybad)anyinfectiousdiseasesallergichistyhistyoftraumasurgerysmoking(abouthowmanyyearsaveragehowmanypiecesperdayceasedfhowmanyyears)alcoholintake(occasionalfrequent)spouse’s[spaus]配偶healthstatusme

4、nrhea[men?ri:?]月經(jīng)(menarche[menɑ:ki:m?]初潮agecyclelastingfhowmanydaysmenstrualcyclelastmenstruationperiodageofmenopauseanymenstrual[menstru?l]月經(jīng)周期painirregularcycle)childbearingpregnancy(timesnaturallababtions流產(chǎn)premature[p

5、rem?tju?pri:]delivery早產(chǎn)stillbirths死產(chǎn)difficultlabfamilyhisty(anycongenital先天性diseasesfathermother:stillaliveillnesscauseofdeathsiblings兄弟姐妹children)常用的癥狀symptomsfeverCough咳嗽Sputum(drypurulent[pju?rjul?nt]膿性的copious[k?upi?

6、s]greensputum大量綠色痰，tenacious[tinei??st?]yellowsputum黃粘痰，frothywhitesputum白色泡沫痰，rustysputum鐵銹色痰wheezingDyspneaduringexertion[iɡz?:??n]atrest呼吸困難thopnea[?:θ?pni?]端坐呼吸Paroxysmal[pr?ksizm?l]nocturnal[n?kt?:n?l]dyspnea夜間陣發(fā)性呼吸

7、困難Shtnessofbreath（SOB）Chesttightness胸部緊迫感Exerciseintolerancepleuriticchestpain胸膜型胸痛Pharyngalgia[fringld?i?]pharyngodynia[fri?ɡ?dini?]咽痛Hemoptysis咯血Bucking嗆咳Sneeze噴嚏sne打鼾malaise[mleiz]不舒服myalgia[maild?i?]肌痛insomnia[ins?mn

8、i?]失眠hoarseness聲嘶dysphonia[disf?uni?]發(fā)聲困難常見的體征physicalsignsclubbedfingers杵狀指:increasedlongitudinal[l?nd?itju:din?l]transverse橫向curvature[k?:v?t??]彎曲lossofconcave[k?nkeiv]凹面的nailfoldanglebogginessofnailbedincreasedsofttis

9、suebulkofdistalphalanx[fl?ksfei]趾骨指骨drumsticklike常做的檢查examinationslabatyfindings(totakeundergoperfmreceivehave)temperaturets體溫圖(takeone’sbodytemperature)sputumpot痰盂Bloodurinestoolroutineoccult[?k?ltbloodtest潛隱血試驗Bloodbio

10、chemistrySputumbloodculturedrugsensitivitytestsputumcytology[sait?l?d?i]細胞學Pulseoximeter[?ksimit?]脈氧計：continuousmonitingofbloodoxygensaturationArterialbloodgasanalysis(ABG):arterialbloodsamplingradialfemal[fem?r?l]股骨的art

11、erypuncture穿刺PaCO2:partialpressureofcarbondioxideinarterialbloodhypercarbiaPaO2:partialpressureofoxygeninarterialbloodhypoxemia[haip?ksi:mi?]血氧不足respiratyfailure:type1:decreasedO2supplyPaO2＜60mmHg(millimetersofmercury[m?

12、:kjuri]汞)duetodiffusionfailureVQdismatch(ventilationperfusion(quotient)ratio)pulmonaryedemapneumoniainfarctionfibrosispulmonaryembolism，pulmonaryhypertensionshunttype2:decreasedCO2removalPaCO2＞50mmHg(millimetersofmercury

13、)duetoalveolarventilationfailureobstructive:COPDasthmabronchiectasisrestrictive:neuromuscular[nju?r?um?skjul?]神經(jīng)肌肉(sedatives[s?d?tiv]鎮(zhèn)靜劑myasthenia[mai?sθi:ni?]肌無力)structural[str?kt??r?l]結(jié)構(gòu)的(ankylosingspondylitis[?kil?uzi

14、?sp?ndilaitis]強直性脊柱炎)pleuraldiseasesobesityChestXrayradiograph:reticulonodularshadowing(reticular[ritikjul?]網(wǎng)狀的linear[lini?]線狀的militarynodules粟粒樣結(jié)節(jié))coinlesions硬幣樣cavities空腔：amphic[mf?rik]空翁音的(breathinglikeblowingoverabot

15、tletop)opacification[?upsifikei??n]渾濁：consolidation(airspaceinfiltrate):confluent[k?nflu?nt]支流的匯合的shadowingairbronchogramf支氣管造影collapse:lobar(upperdlelinguallower)segmentalatelactasis肺不張pleuraleffusionmediastinal[mi:dist

16、ain?l]縱隔mass:thyroidthymoma[θaim?um?]胸腺瘤teratoma[ter?t?um?]畸胎瘤TBlymphnodesterriblediagnosesincludinglymphoma[limf?um?]淋巴瘤aneurysm動脈瘤ChestCTscan(computedtomography)HeadMRI(magicresonanceimaging)PETCTofthewholebody(positro