新人教版選修六 unit 1 art grammar[語法課件]

1、《高中英語》選修（模塊）6-1.4,2024/3/28,虛擬語氣Subjunctive Mood (I),GRAMMER 語法,陳述語氣I went to the theatre yesterday.Jack hadn’t come back home yet.祈使語氣Let’s go.Don’t touch anything on the table until the bell rings.,一. 語氣的分類,虛擬

2、語氣If I were you,I would not leave her alone.Our teacher suggested that we go to the library this afternoon.,2024/3/28,條件句表示主句的條件,分真實(shí)條件句 和虛擬條件句 兩種。,a. 真實(shí)條件句 表示條件是真的或有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的, 采用陳述語氣。b. 虛擬條件句 表示條件是無法實(shí)現(xiàn)或幾乎無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的, 采用虛擬語氣。,二.

3、 ‘if ’虛擬條件句的概念,由 ‘if’ 引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句叫作 ‘if’虛擬條件句I could easily recognize if I had seen him before.其他虛擬條件句Without your help, I couldn’t have finished my work on time.,三. if Sentence Structure

4、 ‘if ’虛擬條件句的結(jié)構(gòu),a. 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 的假設(shè)b. 表示與過去事實(shí)相反 的假設(shè)c. 表示與將來事實(shí)相反 的假設(shè),1. 虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句中(1) 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè), 條件 狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用“過去式(be 動(dòng)詞的過去式用were)”, 而主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞“would / should/ could / might + 動(dòng)詞原形”。,虛擬語氣,If I were a boy, I wo

5、uld join the army.,What would you do if you won the lottery?If I won the lottery, I would…,If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car.,If I had a lot of money,,I would buy a villa.,If I had a lot of money now,

6、 I would travel around the world.,If it were fine now,,I would go shopping.,a. If they ____ (be) here, they __________ (take) your advice.b. If the world-war _____ (burst) out again, what _____________ (happen) t

7、o our people on earth?,were,would take,burst,would happen,PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.,c. If the policeman ________ (be not) in that room, it ________ (be) very dangerous.d. If I ____ (be) in your position, I ______

8、___ (ask) for teacher’s help.,were not,could be,were,would ask,,2. 與過去的事實(shí)相反,從句的謂語用had＋過去分詞, 構(gòu)成If I (we, you, he, they)＋had＋過去分詞的形式；主句的謂語用should(第一人稱)/would (第二、三人稱) /could/might have ＋動(dòng)詞過去分詞。,If he __________ more caref

9、ully, he _________________ the car accident yesterday.,had driven,would not have had,If I ________ how to swim,,I __________________ trapped in this island.,had learnt,would not have been,a. If Tom ________ (be) more car

10、eful in the exam, he ________________ (pass) it already.b. If you _______ (get) up earlier, you ________________ (catch) the first train.,had been,would have passed,had got,would have caught,PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blan

11、ks.,c. If I _______ (meet) you yesterday, we ______________ (go) to the concert together.,had met,would have gone,3. 與將來事實(shí)相反,從句的謂語用If I (we, you, he, they) ＋動(dòng)詞過去式或 were to do 或should do 形式, 主句謂語用should(第一人稱) /would (第二、

12、三人稱) /could/ might ＋動(dòng)詞原形。,If he got up early,,he would be on time.,假如他來了, 我們對(duì)他說什么呢？,If he were to come, what should we say to him.,假如他看見我, 就會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)我。,If he should see me, he would know me.,a. If there ________ (be) no natur

13、al resource any more, we ___________ (make) use of nuclear power .b. What ____________ (happen) if you ____________ (get up) too late tomorrow?,should be,should make,would happen,should get up,PRACTICE 3: Fill in the b

14、lanks,c. If Robots _____________ (control) the world some day, here ________ (be) no friendship.,were to control,would be,主句與從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在不同的時(shí)間, 這時(shí)主從句位于動(dòng)詞的虛擬語氣形式因時(shí)間不同而不同, 這叫做混合條件句。 例句中從句與過去事實(shí)相反, 主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 If you had a

15、sked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.,If the staff had been more careful,,the mall would not be on fire now.,,過去時(shí)(were),would/could/should/might +V. (原),虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法。,過去完成時(shí),would/could/should/might + have

16、+ p.p.,1.過去時(shí)2.should+V.3. were to do,would/could/ should/ might +V. (原),二. 虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的用法,1. 在動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語從句中, 表示與現(xiàn)在或過去的事實(shí)相反, 或?qū)淼闹饔^愿望, 從句通常省略連詞that。,1) 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬: 從句動(dòng)詞用過去式或過去進(jìn)行式 (be動(dòng)詞一般用were) 。,I wish I were as tall a

17、s you.,,I wish I were a bird.,I wish every day were my birthday.,I wish/wished I hadn’t eaten so much watermelon.,(2) 表示對(duì)過去情況的虛擬:從句動(dòng)詞常用“had＋過去分詞”。,The party was terrible, I wish I had never gone to it.,(3) 表示對(duì)將來的主觀愿望: 從句

18、動(dòng)詞形式為 “ would＋動(dòng)詞原形”。,注意: 主句的主語與從句的主要不能相同, 因?yàn)橹骶涞闹髡Z所期望的從句動(dòng)作能否實(shí)現(xiàn)，取決于從句主語的態(tài)度或意愿(非動(dòng)物名詞除外)。但愿你立刻來。I wish you would come soon.,I wish it would rain tomorrow.,as if/as though,由as if (as though) 或even though (even though) 引導(dǎo)的狀語

19、從句表示比較或方式時(shí), 從句謂語形式為動(dòng)詞的過去式(be用were)或 “had＋過去分詞”。,He behaves as if he owned the house.,(But he doesn’t own it or probably doesn’t own it or we don’t know whether he owns it or not.),She talks about Rome as though she had b

20、een there himself.,他那樣對(duì)待我, 好像我式陌生人似的。,He treats me as if I were a stranger.,注意: 如果表示的事情可能會(huì)發(fā)生, 那么方式狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞可用陳述語氣。,Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.,關(guān)于虛擬語氣 辯析1,關(guān)于虛擬語氣 辯析2,關(guān)于虛擬語氣 辯析3,關(guān)于虛擬語氣 辯析4,關(guān)于虛擬

21、語氣 辯析5,句型練習(xí) (用If I were you句型翻譯下列句子),1. 我要是你的話, 我就會(huì)把英語學(xué)好。2. 如果你昨天來, 你就會(huì)看見他。3. 萬一明天下雨, 我們就不到那兒去。4. 我希望我十年前認(rèn)識(shí)他。5. 他對(duì)待我就像對(duì)待他自己的兒子一樣。,Homework,關(guān)于陳述語氣 1,What will you do if it rains tomorrow?,I will stay at home if it rai

22、ns tomorrow.,關(guān)于陳述語氣 2,關(guān)于祈使語氣 1,關(guān)于祈使語氣 2,關(guān)于祈使語氣 3,關(guān)于祈使語氣 4,真實(shí)條件句  真實(shí)條件句用于陳述語氣, 假設(shè)的情況可能發(fā)生, 其中 if 是如果的意思。,時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系句型: 條件從句　　 主句　　 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) shall/will + 動(dòng)詞原形If he comes, he will bring his violin.,The volleyball match

23、will be put off if it ___. A. will rain　 B. rains C. rained D. is rained,答案B 真實(shí)條件句主句為將來時(shí), 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。,注意：在真實(shí)條件句中,主句不能用be going to表示將來,該用shall, will. (錯(cuò)) If you leave now, you are never going to r