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1、杭州師范大學(xué)碩士研究生入學(xué)考試命題紙20182018年考試科目代碼考試科目代碼243考試科目名稱考試科目名稱二外英語(yǔ)二外英語(yǔ)（本考試科目共（本考試科目共12頁(yè)，第頁(yè)，第1頁(yè)）頁(yè)）杭州師范大學(xué)2018年招收攻讀碩士研究生入學(xué)考試題年招收攻讀碩士研究生入學(xué)考試題考試科目代碼：考試科目代碼：243考試科目名稱：考試科目名稱：二外英語(yǔ)二外英語(yǔ)說(shuō)明：考生答題時(shí)一律寫(xiě)在答題紙上，否則漏批責(zé)任自負(fù)。PartIReadingComprehension(

2、SkimmingScanning)(210=20points)Directions:Inthispartyouwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyanswerthequestionsontheAnswerSheet.Fquestions17markY(fYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinfmationgiveninthepassageN(fNO)ifthes

3、tatementcontradictstheinfmationgiveninthepassageNG(fNOTGIVEN)iftheinfmationisnotgiveninthepassage.Fquestions810completethesentenceswiththeinfmationgiveninthepassage.AirplaneAirplaneInstrumentsModernairplanesarecomplicate

4、dmachines.Pilotsneedmanygauges(量表)electronicaidstohelpflythem.Theflightdeckofalargepassengerplanecontainsmanyindicatdialswarninglights.Oneofthemostimptantinstrumentsisthealtimeterwhichtellsthepilothowhightheplaneisoffthe

5、ground.Theairspeedindicatmeasurestheplane’sspeed.Theartificialhizonshowsthepositionoftheplanerelativetothehizon.Theturnbackindicatshowshowmuchifatalltheplaneisturningtilting.Indensecloudsfogapilotwouldnotalwaysknowwhichw

6、aytheplaneisheadingifitweren’tfthisinstrument.Agyrocompass(旋轉(zhuǎn)羅盤)variousradiodevicesarenecessaryfnavigation.Mostlargeplanesalsohaveanautomaticpilot.Thisisadeviceoperatedbyacomputer.Itwillflytheplanewithoutthepilotstouchin

7、gthecontrols.Theseautopilotscanevencontroltakeoffslings.Theflightdeckalsocontainsmanygaugesmetersthattellthepilotwhetherthemanypiecesofequipmentontheplaneareoperatingproperly.Theymeasurefuelleveltemperatures杭州師范大學(xué)碩士研究生入學(xué)

8、考試命題紙20182018年考試科目代碼考試科目代碼243考試科目名稱考試科目名稱二外英語(yǔ)二外英語(yǔ)（本考試科目共（本考試科目共12頁(yè)，第頁(yè)，第3頁(yè)）頁(yè)）Airplanestakeoffintothewindindertogetbetterlift.Theyalsolintothewindtohavebettercontrolastheyslowdown.Mostairptshaverunwayspointingindifferentdi

9、rections.Thismeansthattherearealwaysrunwaysonwhichairplanescangointothewindastheytakeoffl.Heavilyloadedpassengerjetsneedlongrunwaystogatherenoughspeedtoleavetheground.Runwaysatsomelargeairptsarelongerthan3000m(10000ft).A

10、tnightbrightlightslinetherunwayssothatpilotscanfindthemwithouttrouble.Asystemofflashingguidelightsissetupbeyondtherunwaytohelppilotslsafely.ControlTowersPeoplewhowkincontroltowersarecalledairtrafficcontrollers.Theydirect

11、themovementsofallplanesonthegroundintheairbykeepingtrackofthemonlargeradarscreens.Airtrafficcontrollerstellapilotbyradiowhenwheretotaxipilottheplanedowntherunway.Electronicequipmentisusedtoguideairplanes.Longrangeradaris

12、usedtokeeptrackofplanesfarawayfromtheairpt.ThisradariscalledGroundControlApproach(GCA).WhentheairplanegetswithinafewmilesoftherunwaytheairtrafficcontrollerbeginstousePrecisionApproachRadar(PAR).Thisallowsthecontrollertog

13、uidetheairplanetowithin0.4km(0.25mi)oftherunway.Atthatpointthepilotcompletestheling.AnotherelectronicaidusedinbadweatheristheInstrumentLingSystem(ILS).Inthissystemradiotransmitterslocatedneartherunwaysendguidancesignalst

14、otheairplane.Thesesignalstellthepilothowtosteertheplanefthefinalapproachtotherunways.Todaytherearealsoelectronic“microwave”lingsystems(MLS)thatcanltheplanefullyautomatically.TerminalBuildingsTerminalbuildingsvaryinsizesh

15、ape.Mostofthemarequitelarge.Methan228millionpeopleflyontheairlinesinAmericaeveryyear.Everypassengermustpassthroughterminals.Longcoveredwalkwaysleadfromthecenterofsometerminalstothegateswhereairplanesareboarded.Atsomeairp

16、tsbusesareusedtotransptpassengerstotheirairplanes.Passengersarrivingfromanothercountrymustpassthroughcustomspassptcontrol.Customsofficialschecktheincomingbaggageftaxableitems.Theyalsocheckpassengerstobesurenofbiddenitems

17、arebroughtintothecountry.Passptofficialscheckthepassptsofpassengersfpersonalidentification.Passengersarenotallowedtobringgunsknivesotherweaponsontoapassengerairplane.Befeboardingtheymustwalkthroughadetectwhichtriggersasp

18、ecialsignaliftheyarecarryinganythingmadeofmetal.Luggageisalsoexaminedfweapons.Thisisdonetoensurethesafetyofthepassengers.1.Themainpurposeofthispassageistointroducethehistyofairplanes.2.Thedeviceofanautomaticpilotcanusual

19、lyflyaplanemesmoothlythanahumanpilot.3.Withthehelpoftheradioequipmentpilotsareabletocommunicatewithgroundcontrollers.4.Wecantellfromthepassagethatearlyairplanesarenotassolidasmodernones.5.Accdingtothepassagethebusiestair

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