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1、空心橋墩與重力式橋墩相比,具有自重小,延性大,抗震性能強(qiáng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。鋼筋混凝土空心薄壁橋墩的抗震性能受到國(guó)內(nèi)外研究學(xué)者的關(guān)注。試驗(yàn)不同軸壓比和配箍率對(duì)矩形空心墩延性的影響的目的,在于研究經(jīng)驗(yàn)計(jì)算結(jié)果與模擬結(jié)果的一致性。將理論抗剪承載力作為對(duì)矩形空心墩研究的一部分,是為了表明合理的細(xì)部設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)構(gòu)件良好受力特性的保證,當(dāng)前的工作目標(biāo)是發(fā)展大型公路橋梁構(gòu)件的簡(jiǎn)單和高效設(shè)計(jì)方法。為了最大限度的提高結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度和剛度的利用率、降低因質(zhì)量分配引起的柱的抗震響
2、應(yīng),采用空心截面形式的橋墩是合理的,我國(guó)現(xiàn)有橋梁特別是高、大跨徑橋梁普遍采用此類橋墩,其中中、高墩居多。橋墩作為橋梁延性抗震設(shè)計(jì)中最關(guān)鍵的部位之一,必須高度重視其延性抗震性能。
為了研究鋼筋混凝土空心墩在軸向荷載和地震荷載組合作用下的受力性能,論文以4根軸壓比和橫向配筋率不同的矩形空心墩的彎曲破壞試驗(yàn)為對(duì)象,對(duì)其施加持續(xù)的軸向壓力和循環(huán)變化的側(cè)向力,并將具有相同配箍率和軸壓比不同的試件、軸壓比相同但配箍率不同的試件分別進(jìn)行
3、對(duì)比研究和模擬分析。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,隨著空心墩橫向配筋率的升高,試件的延性得到了改善,矩形空心墩具備良好的抗震性能。
文中采用OPENSEES軟件對(duì)試驗(yàn)試件進(jìn)行仿真模擬,采用ACI建議模型、ATC-32模型,美國(guó)加州運(yùn)輸局的橋梁設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范Caltrans模型和中國(guó)公路橋梁抗震設(shè)計(jì)細(xì)則模型,計(jì)算空心墩骨架曲線和滯回曲線,結(jié)果表明其模擬結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)吻合良好,合理的細(xì)部設(shè)計(jì)可以保證在地震作用下具有良好的受力性能,有效防止試件彎曲破壞。
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