英漢互譯實(shí)用教程 精簡(jiǎn)筆記

1、一翻譯概論譯者合格條件譯者合格條件五條：1.外文水平高2.中文水平高3.知識(shí)面廣4.政治覺悟較高5.熟悉基本的翻譯技巧AbriefintroductiontothehistyoftranslationinchinaTranslationinchinahasalonghistyofabouttwothousyears.DuringthecenturiesquiteanumberofwldfamoustranslatsinChinaappe

2、aredoneafteranothertheymadegreatcontributionstoChinaaswellastothewldinthedevelopmentoftranslation.Seethefollowingfacts:1.TheEasternHan–theNthernSouthernDynasties(25—581)ChinainvitedfeignersthefeignerscametoChinabythemsel

3、vestotranslateBuddhisture.AmongthemwereAnShigao（AnQing）fromPersia(nowIran)InduDharmarakchaKumarajivafmIndia.2.TheSuiDynasty(581—618)–theTangDynasty(618—907):GoldenAgeofTranslationinAncientChina.ThreegiantsintranslatingBu

4、ddhistureappeared:1)XuanZang(theTangDynasty)2)Kumarajiva(theEasternJinDynasty)鳩摩羅什3)Paramatha(alsocalledGunarata)(N.&S.Dynasties)真諦（波羅末他）3.TheMingDynasty(1368—1644)XuGuangqi(徐光啟)aChineseM.Ricci(利瑪竇)anItaliancotranslatedE

5、uclid’sElements(:Euclid’sElementum)4.TheQingDynasty(1644—1911)ThereweregreattranslatslikeYanFuLinShuLinShu:1Camille(:LaDameauxCamelias)(《巴黎茶花女遺事》)2UncleTom’sCabin(《黑奴吁天錄》)3DavidCopperfield(《塊肉余生述》)YanFu:1EvolutionEthicsO

6、therEssaysbyT.H.Huxley(《天演論》)2AnInquiryIntotheNatureCauseoftheWealthofNationsbyA.Smith(《原富》)3OnLibertybyJ.S.Mill(《群己權(quán)界論》)4AHistyofPoliticsbyE.Jenks(《社會(huì)通詮》)習(xí)題1.YanFu’s3wdtranslationcriteriaarefaithfulnessexpressivenessele

7、gance.（嚴(yán)氏三字真言）2.ThetwowdsusedasthecommoncriteriaoftranslationinChinatodayare2.許貞一把抱住秀云，驚異地問道：“你這是怎么啦？”XuZhenhuggedXiuyuninquiredinastonishment.“What’sthematterwithyou”（冒號(hào)變句號(hào)）3.1)和那墻頭上“休談國(guó)事”的招貼，形成一種奇怪的對(duì)比和諷刺。...inironicalc

8、ontrasttothesignonthewall:“Politicaldiscussionprohibited.”(逗號(hào)變冒號(hào))2)王冕看了一回，心里想道“古人說，‘人在畫圖中’，其實(shí)不錯(cuò)?！盇sWangMianwatchedhethought“Theancientssaid‘Inabeautifulsceneamanfeelsheispartofapicture.’Howtrue!”（加逗號(hào)，句號(hào)變感嘆號(hào)）4.“出去！你們?nèi)汲鋈ィ?/p>

9、”秀云發(fā)出了命令?！癈learoutallofyou!”Xiuyundered.（感嘆號(hào)變逗號(hào)）5.“你想要什么？”他怒吼道?！癢hatdoYOUwant”hegrowled.（著重號(hào)變大寫）6.愛新覺羅溥儀愛新覺羅溥儀AisinGiePuYi約瑟夫布羅茲鐵托JosipBrozTito7.1）據(jù)《大唐西域記》記載，那時(shí)龜茲有佛寺一百所，僧尼五千余人。AccdingtohisTravelsintheWesternRegionQiucibo

10、astedofmethan100Buddhisttemples5000nunsmonks.2)《故鄉(xiāng)》《故鄉(xiāng)》是《魯迅短篇小說選》《魯迅短篇小說選》一書中最優(yōu)秀的篇目之一?！癕yOldHome”isoneofthebeststiesinthebookedStiesofLuXun.（文章、詩(shī)、短篇書名號(hào)變引號(hào)，書名的書名號(hào)變斜體）8.司馬相如者，漢蜀郡成都人也，字長(zhǎng)卿。SimaXiangruanativeofChengduinShucou

11、ntryisalternativelynamedChangqing.（下劃線去掉）9.不管我在那里，我還是拿北京作我的小說背景，因?yàn)殚]上眼睛想起的北京，是要比睜著眼看見的地方，更親切、更真實(shí)、更有感情的，這是真話。NomatterwhereIwasIshouldliketowritemynovelwithBeijingasitsbackground.Finmymind’seyeBeijingappearstomemeintimateme

12、tangiblemeaffectionatethananyotherplaceIactuallysee.Thatisaplainfact.（頓號(hào)變逗號(hào)）10.1）于是我自己解釋說：故鄉(xiāng)本也是如此，——雖然沒有進(jìn)步，也未必有如我所感的悲涼。ThenIrationalizedthemattertomyselfsayingHomewasalwayslikethisalthoughithasnotimprovedstillitisnotsode

13、pressingasIimagined.2）消息傳到聶榮臻將軍那里時(shí)，他讓人把這兩個(gè)日本小女孩接到前線司令部接待所——滹沱河畔一座小山莊里的一幢農(nóng)莊。WhenGeneralNieRongzhenlearnedaboutthegirlshehadthembroughttoacottageinamountainhamletbythesideoftheHutuoRivertheguesthouseofthefrontlinecommheadq