高中英語語法動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)

1、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài),,1 考點(diǎn)全析,,構(gòu)成形式,體,時(shí),,考點(diǎn)全析,體,時(shí),Do/does,Did,Will/shall do,Should/would do,Have/has done,Had done,Will/shall have done,Am/is/are doing,Was/were doing,Shall/will be doing,Do/do

2、es,,,,,,一般過去時(shí)(simple past tense),核心用法：發(fā)生在過去，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)：V-ed或特殊結(jié)構(gòu),,,now,then,practice,（12天津）The three of us ____around Europe for about a month last summer.A. travelled B. have travelled

3、C. had travelled D. travel（11山東）When I got on the bus, I_____ I had left my wallet at home.was realizingB. realizedC. have realizedD. would realize,,,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（話里有話）核心用法：發(fā)生于過去，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān). 結(jié)構(gòu)：ha

4、ve/has +done,,影響性,持續(xù)性,She has been a teacher for 20 years.I have finished my work．,,,,,在“未完成”的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，動(dòng)作是從過去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，因此動(dòng)詞一定是持續(xù)性的，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不具備這個(gè)特點(diǎn)。因此，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可以有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（表示已完成的動(dòng)作），卻不可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用！I have bought the car for tw

5、o months. I have had/kept the car for two months.,X,,,,但非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在否定句中，可以和段時(shí)間狀語連用，表示一種狀態(tài)，狀態(tài)是可以延續(xù)的I haven’t seen you for ages.非延續(xù)----延續(xù),表示“沒有見面’這一狀態(tài),Begin---be on die---be deadleav

6、e----be away from buy---haveGo ----be away arrive---be hereBorrow---keep Come----be hereReturn---be back,,,在時(shí)間條件狀語

7、從句中，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來完成意義He will come as soon as he has finished the homework.If you have read the book before I leave , please lend it to me.,,高考鏈接,（10全國1）When you are home, give a call to let me know you___ safel

8、y. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive（09全國2）Progress ______ so far very good and we sure that the work will be finished on time. was B. had been

9、 C. has been D. will be（13濟(jì)南一模）--- Are you coming to the party? --- No, I ________.A．hadn't invited B．didn't inviteC．wasn't invited D．haven't been invited,,,,一般過去

10、與現(xiàn)在完成的區(qū)別,I lost my key. I have lost my key.,已完成性,,,未完成性,(13濟(jì)寧一模)---you seem to be familiar with this city. ---I ___here for three years. It’s great to be back.A have lived B lived C had lived D live

11、,,,,,B:then,A:now,高考鏈接,( 07福建) Danny______ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. A. works B. is working C. has worked D. worked (2013濟(jì)南二模)She

12、0;is a well-known doctor now, but she  ____as a cleaner at the hospital for five years．  A．has worked   

13、0;    B．worked C．had worked       D．works,,,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),要點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)（具一定可持續(xù)性） 經(jīng)常習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作.結(jié)構(gòu)：原型/單三He writes to his parents once a month.So

14、me people still live in poverty.,特殊用法,1、客觀真理、事實(shí)Light travels faster than sound.The moon runs around the earth.2、規(guī)定發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（離開、起飛、節(jié)目表、日程表）leave ,arrive ,start, stay ,return ,begin , come等The train arrives at 10:30. Th

15、ere’s plenty of time.,3、用于比賽、劇情介紹、書報(bào)標(biāo)題、故事的敘述.Jack throws the ball to John and John catches it .He sits down, shivers a little. Clock outside strikes twelve.4、時(shí)間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中，表將來動(dòng)作. When you meet him, tell him to co

16、me to my place.But we won’t go if it rains.,高考鏈接,(10北京) In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the "r" sounds at the end of the words . are dropped B. drop C. are b

17、eing dropped D. have dropped（09福建）According to the literary review, Shakespeare___ his characters live through their language in his plays.will make B. had made C. was maki

18、ng D. makes,,,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),用法：說話此刻、現(xiàn)階段（說話時(shí)未必進(jìn)行）正在進(jìn)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):am/is/are +ing The children are singing a fine song. The workers are building a new factory.,高考鏈接,（11重慶）That piece of mu

19、sic sounds quite familiar. Who _____ the piano upstairs?has played B. played C. plays D. is playing（08重慶） Teenagers their health because they play computer games too much.A. have damaged B. are damaging C

20、. damaged D. will damage,,,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊用法,,1. 表將來,Go ，come ，stay ， leave ， start ， begin ， arrive ， return ， fly ，drive , stop等非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 The train is arriving soon. when are we leaving and when are we coming ba

21、ck? are you staying here for a long time?,高考鏈接,(12湖南)“The moment _____ soon,” he thought to himself, waiting nervously.A．came B．has come C．was coming D．is coming(12重慶).Food supplies in the flood-stri

22、cken area ____We must act immediately before there’s nothing left.A. have run out B .are running out C. have been run out D. are being run out,,,2. 帶感情色彩.,與 always, forever, constantly, continua

23、lly, all the time等副詞連用，表示不滿、抱怨或贊美等情感 He is always thinking of others first. the children are constantly disturbing us.,要點(diǎn)：動(dòng)作從故去某時(shí)開始 延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在， 是否再繼續(xù)，再來看題意,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has been do

24、ing,一直,,We have been looking for you for an hour.She has been teaching English since she graduated.,動(dòng)作剛停止,動(dòng)作還在繼續(xù)進(jìn)行,高考鏈接,（11北京）Tom in the library every night over the last three months.works

25、 B. worked C. have been working D. had been working(11全國)When Alice came to（醒來）, she did not know how long she there.had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying

26、 D. has lain,,,特殊用法---帶情感,She’s been saying that twenty times.He has been calling on her several times this week.,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)區(qū)別,I have read Harry Potter.我讀過哈利波特 (動(dòng)作完成)I have been readin

27、g Harry Potter.我一直在讀哈利波特 （動(dòng)作未完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間持續(xù)性）對(duì)于非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，現(xiàn)在完成強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成性，著重結(jié)果；現(xiàn)在完成表示動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行，動(dòng)作的持久性。,,,,狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞、知覺動(dòng)詞或情感動(dòng)詞，如see, feel, know, love 等，不可用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)“一直”，或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，但feel可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)I have known her for a long time. 我

28、認(rèn)識(shí)他很久了I have been knowning her for a long time.,,X,過去進(jìn)行時(shí),用法：過去的某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行或者 某階段一直進(jìn)行.結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were + ing I was writing a letter when she came in. They were digging a railway tunn

29、el last week.,過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊用法,1. 表將來,Go ，come ，stay ， leave ， start ， begin ， arrive ， return ， fly ，drive , stop等非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞She told me that she was leaving for Italy the next day.,2.帶感情色彩.,與 always, forever, constantly, contin

30、ually, all the time等副詞連用.She was always ringing me up when I was in London.My brother was always losing his key.,高考鏈接,（10全國1）— Have you finished reading Jane Eyre? — N0, I my homework all

31、day yesterday. was doing B. would do C. had done D. do,,要點(diǎn)：過去的過去----|-----------------|-----------------|----> 那時(shí)以前B 那時(shí)A 現(xiàn)在,過去完成時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)：had done.,特殊用法,判

32、斷依據(jù),明顯的時(shí)間狀語---by的3種形式從句中有明顯的動(dòng)作先后—從句固定句式,practice---時(shí)間狀語,She had learnt 2000 English words by the end of last month.I had reached the station before six o’clock.I had finished reading the novel by nine o'cloc

33、k last night.,practice---從句,They had already put the fire out when I returned to the village.（狀語從句）She said that she had seen the film before.（賓語從句）若有主從兩個(gè)句，先后動(dòng)作分別敘。哪個(gè)在前哪“完成”，哪個(gè)在后哪“過去”.,固定句式,1、在hardly/scarcely...when;

34、 no sooner ...than句型中，主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí) I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me. 注意2、表示“第幾次做某事”，主句用過去時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)It was th

35、e first time that he had ever spoken to a foreigner,,,Hardly, no sooner至于句首構(gòu)成部分倒裝No sooner had I arrived home than the 

36、;telephone rang.,高考鏈接,— Did Linda see the traffic accident?(天津2006)  — No, no sooner ____ than it happened.  A. had she

37、0;gone        B. she had gone     C. has she gone      D. she has gone （11福建

38、）Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they ____From China.A. receive B. are receiving C. have received D. had received,,,,(1

39、1遼寧)By the time Jack returned home from England, his son_____ from college. graduated B. has graduated had been D. had graduated(10安徽)一Were you surprised by the ending of

40、the film? 一No. I______ the book, so I already knew the story. A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read,,,,特殊用法,如Hope， wish，plan, want, mean, intend,attempt,think,expect等表示“打算、計(jì)劃、希望、試圖、認(rèn)為”&#

41、160;I had intended to come over to see you, but was prevented from doing so.I had hoped to send him a Christmas card, but I forgot to do so.They

42、had wanted to help but could not get here in time.,現(xiàn)在完成與過去完成的區(qū)別,現(xiàn)在完成：以現(xiàn)在作為基點(diǎn)。（句中不可有過去特定時(shí)間的狀語）過去完成：以過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為基點(diǎn)。（句中有表示過去特定時(shí)間的狀語） She had been ill for a week before she came back. She has been ill for a

43、week.,過去將來時(shí),從過去某一時(shí)刻為起點(diǎn)，將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)Would/should+doWas/were going to +do11年上海34. Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition?A. would sign B. signedC. have signedD. had

44、signed,,要點(diǎn)：將來的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).shall 用于第一人稱，will通用,一般將來時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)：shall/will+動(dòng)原,,I will take you there tomorrow.Later I shall tell you about some of the work I have done.,,注意：will,Will做情態(tài)“決心、意愿”非助動(dòng)詞If you won’t listen to us , just

45、 do as you please.Will和be going to do的區(qū)別Be going to do既可指主觀打算也可指客觀跡象表明將要發(fā)生；Will往往指沒有經(jīng)過計(jì)劃、臨時(shí)出現(xiàn)的意圖，常伴有說話者的主觀意愿或?qū)肀厝话l(fā)生的事情。I hope it will be fine tomorrow.The little is going to fall over.,,1、Be going to do,將來時(shí)常用結(jié)構(gòu)：,2、

46、Be to do,3、Be about to do,4、非延續(xù)性進(jìn)行表將來,Be going to do,,They are going to hold a meeting to discuss it.The speech is going to be at 3 p.m on 9th October.I t looks as if it is going to rain.I feel I’m going to make pro

47、gress with her.,Be to do,,(1) I am to meet Mr.Brown at 7 o’clock this morning. What am I to do ?(2)The door is not to be opened. All the questions are to be answered at once.(3)Her plan is to be a failur