《考研英語題型》ppt課件

1、考研英語題型,Section I Use of English 完型填空 10’Section II Reading Comprehension 60’ Part A 4 texts 40’ Part B 新題型 10’ Part C Translation 10’Section III Writing 30’

2、 Part A 應(yīng)用文寫作 10’ Part B 短文寫作 20’,考研英語完型填空,主講：鄭書麗,研英語大綱之知識運用,共20小題，每小題0.5分，共10分。在一篇240~280詞的文章中留出20個空白，要求考生從每題給出的4個選項中選出最佳答案，使補全后的文章意思通順、前后連貫、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。考生在答題卡1上作答。對詞匯的掌握提出了更加具體的要求，具體體現(xiàn)

3、在對詞匯的微觀掌握和記憶上：詞匯基本知識（詞性、詞形、本義和引申義等）；詞際關(guān)系（同義詞、反義詞、詞匯搭配等）；詞匯“背景”（詞根、詞綴等）。,完型考試的測試點,閱讀能力：對文章整體的把握和理解（要讀懂文章的主題；讀出文章的導(dǎo)向或作者態(tài)度）；要讀懂文章上下段、上下句之間的關(guān)系；還要讀懂句子內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)英語知識運用的能力：語法（占20%-30%）;習慣用語（占10%）；詞義的辨析和使用（占60%-70%）,完型填空的誤區(qū),１. 很多同學

4、認為完型填空就是語法詞匯題對語法：現(xiàn)在考試當中如果還考語法，就考定語從句或同位語從句 ，所以準備語法就準備從句：定語從句、同位語從句、狀語從句 對詞匯：不能只知其一不知其它；不能只知大概不知具體；不能只知認詞不知辯詞，不能只知詞義不知使用。不能用中文的思維，替代英文詞的詞義。,完型填空的誤區(qū),２. 很多同學認為完型填空需要背誦大綱中的5500個單詞背單詞的理念：通過真題記單詞 背誦真題，把握真題的理念：以真題為圓心，以努力為半徑

5、畫完美的考研備考的圓,對真題把握的三個標準：,①翻開近十年真題，沒有一個單詞是生詞 ②翻開近十年真題，沒有一個句子是長難句（好的準備長難句的方法：把真題中所有長難句歸類 ）③翻開近十年真題，要知道所有選項對錯的原因,完型填空的誤區(qū),３. 處理好模擬試題與真題的關(guān)系，真題是根本，真題是核心學習過程中應(yīng)該先做真題，后做模擬試題 建議：可以做閱讀理解方面的模擬試題，但做完型填空的橫擬題意義不是特別大,完型填空的備考思路,①背誦近十年

6、真題，要求大家背誦每篇240-280字的文章 ②背誦近十年真題中的所有選項，選項基本上體現(xiàn)了完型填空考查的范圍（每個單詞一定要知道對錯的原因，知道每個單詞的準確用法）③把握解題技巧與方法，沒有解題技巧指導(dǎo)的考研完型是比較失敗的考研完型④背大批量的詞組⑤適當?shù)淖鲆恍┠M試題,解題技巧與方法,１.　卷子發(fā)下來后，利用紅花綠葉原則做題紅花詞：某個單詞在歷年真題中每次出現(xiàn)都選綠葉詞：屢出現(xiàn)屢不選，屢不選屢出現(xiàn)注意兩個問題：　　

7、1. 紅花綠葉原則能做對2-5個題　　2. 紅花詞偶爾會失手,解題技巧與方法,２. 明白A B C D選項的規(guī)律① A B C D 的個數(shù)都是4-6個之間，四個答案基本均勻分布② 完型填空中一般而言A較多 ③ 沒有連續(xù)三個答案都一樣的情況，連續(xù)兩個答案都一樣的情況是0-3個，前后答案彼此都不一樣的情況是17-20個④ 在五個一組的答案中，至少要出現(xiàn)三個字母 （此規(guī)律同樣適合閱讀理解）,解題技巧與方法,３. 同義原則在四個選

8、項中，當兩個或三個實詞互為同義詞時，答案往往在其中當兩個或三個虛詞互為同義詞時，往往都不選 當四個選項有一個共同的意思時，該意思往往不能夠入選,1. 無關(guān)詞排除法（與主題相關(guān)原則）,The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases _31_the tria

9、l of Rosemary West. In a significant _32_of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a _33_bill that will propose making payments to witness _34_and will strictly control the am

10、ount of _35_that can be given to a case _36_a trial begins. 35. A) publicity 　B) penalty 　C) popularity 　 D) peculiarity,2. 同現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)法（與文章主題導(dǎo)向或傾向一致原則）,Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterize

11、d by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of non-REM sleep. _41_(答案為Neither) kind of sleep is at all well-understood, but REM sleep is _42_to serve some restorative function of the brain. The purpose of n

12、on-REM sleep is even more _43_. 43. A) subtle 　B) obvious 　 C) mysterious 　D) doubtful,3. 復(fù)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)法（與本題一致原則）,Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movements and dream

13、ing, and longer periods of non-REM sleep. _41_(答案為Neither) kind of sleep is at all well-understood, but REM sleep is _42_to serve some restorative function of the brain. The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more _43_. Th

14、e new experiments, such as these _44_for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations _45_of non-REM sleep. 　　　43. A) subtle B) obvious 　　　　

15、C) mysterious D) doubtful,3. 復(fù)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)法（與本題一致原則）,For example, it has long been known that total sleep _46_is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, _47_examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal. A researc

16、her has now _48_the mystery of why the animals die. The rats _49_bacterial infections of the blood, _50_their immune systems—the self-protecting mechanism against disease—had crashed.,4. 關(guān)聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)法,Companies _41_（答案為with）low

17、 accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them _42_and active. 42. A) alive B) vivid C) mobile D) diverse,5. 時間線索定位法,It is generally re

18、cognized, _29_（答案為however）, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, _30_ by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process. 30. A) brought B) foll

19、owed C) stimulated D) characterized,6. 總分結(jié)構(gòu)對照分析法,If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be_47_. He must either sell some of his property or _48_（答案為seek）extra funds in form of loans. Naturally he will

20、 try to borrow money at a low _49_（答案為rate）of interest, but loans of this kind are not _50_ obtainable. 47. A) self-confident B) self-sufficient C) self-satisfied D) self-restrained,7. 對應(yīng)成分分析法,Vitamin

21、s are similar because they are made of the same elements – usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and _45_nitrogen. 45. A) mostly B) partially C) sometimes D) rarely,7. 對應(yīng)成分分析法,Vitamins are similar beca

22、use they are made of the same elements – usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and _45_nitrogen. They are different _46_their students are arranged differently. 46. A) in that B) so that C) such that

23、 D) except that,8. 邏輯關(guān)系定位法,The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases _31_the trial of Rosemary West. 31. A) as to B) for instance

24、 C) in particular D) such as,8. 邏輯關(guān)系定位法,_46_, inaccurate or indefinite words may make _47_ difficult for the listener to understand the _48_which is being transmitted to him. The speaker who does not have specific w

25、ords in his working vocabulary may be _49_to explain or describe in a _50_that can be understood by his listeners. 46. A) Moreover B) However C) Preliminarily D) Unexpectedly,8. 邏輯關(guān)系定位法,The first

26、and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. In speaking, the choice of words is _41_the utmost importance. Proper selection will eliminate one source of _42_breakdown in the communication

27、 cycle. Too often, careless use of words _43_a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may _44_unfavorable reactions in the listener _45_interfere with his comprehension; hence, th

28、e transmission-reception system breaks down.,動詞題解題的六種方法：,1. 看主語，注意主謂搭配的一致性（主要是看主語是人還是物 ) something ____ A. doubt B. challenge 主語必須是人的動詞：believe, regard, think, be impressed by, intend, requ

29、ire, doubt 主語一般是物的動詞：manifest,動詞題解題的六種方法：,2. 看賓語，注意動賓搭配的一致性 ①看賓語是人還是物 ______ something A. assure B. ensure assure sb. of sth. assure sb. that…②看賓語是抽象名詞還是具體名詞 ______ the s

30、oil A. enhance B. feed,動詞題解題的六種方法：,3. 從動詞及物或不及物的角度出發(fā)做題　___ old agricultural implements(農(nóng)具) 　A. replace 　B. dispose　4. 根據(jù)主語和賓語的邏輯關(guān)系判定動詞　changes in the economy that ____ to fewer job opportunities for yout

31、h and rising unemployment … A. point B. lead C. come D. amount,動詞題解題的六種方法：,5. 根據(jù)動詞后的介詞以及介詞賓語判定答案 　Lord Irvine said he ____ with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not ____ sufficient

32、control.　A. sided B. shared C. complied D. agreed6. 根據(jù)能夠?qū)釉~起到限制性的成分來判定動詞（一般指形容詞） 　He must sell in order to ____ old agricultural implements and … A. replace B. purchase C. supplement D. dispose,名詞題解題的五種方法：,1.

33、 名詞作主語時，謂語或表語就是信息線索　____ be impressed by 　　A. sb. B. sth. 2. 名詞作賓語時，謂語動詞就是線索　assure ___ 　　A. sb. B. sth.,名詞題解題的五種方法：,3. 根據(jù)名詞前后的介詞判定名詞　　____ for　　A. explanation B. purpose exposure to approach to

34、 answer to confidence in reason for attitude toward,暴露,途徑,答案,自信,原因,態(tài)度,名詞題解題的五種方法：,4. 根據(jù)已有名詞來判定已選名詞 ____ of the letter A. publication B. release C. printing 5. 當名詞后面出現(xiàn)定語從句或同位語從句時，從句就是線索

35、 needed ____ that comes from achieving success.,形容詞解題的四種方法:,1. 形容詞作表語時主語就是線索2. 有副詞修飾形容詞時副詞就是線索 legally ____ A. binding B. restraining,形容詞解題的四種方法:,3. 當多個成分同時修飾一個名詞時，答案就在修飾成分中 a ____ bill that wi

36、ll propose making payments to witnesses…A. sketch B. rough C. preliminary D. draft 4. 當形容詞修飾名詞時，名詞就是線索 a ____ of media protest when he said the … A. rage B. storm C. flare D. flash,副詞題解題的三種方法:,1. 根據(jù)主旨做

37、題2. 同義原則3. 根據(jù)時態(tài)來判斷例：instantly，不能放在現(xiàn)在進行時里,做題順序：,1. 先做整體通讀　通過整體通讀讀出：　　　1)讀出文章的中心 (focus);　　　2)讀出文章的導(dǎo)向或作者的基本態(tài)度　通讀時應(yīng)注意：　　　不求甚解，重點讀首句或首段。　　　讀完首段后可先讀尾段再讀其它?！　　〕拙渫獠槐刈x的很細，耗時不能超過3分鐘。,做題順序：,2.　以段為單位，按段精讀，按段理解，按段做題；段本身就是