[雙語翻譯]停車場外文翻譯--莫斯科地區(qū)住宅建設中地下停車場布局的展望（英文）

1、 Procedia Engineering 165 ( 2016 ) 1328 – 1331 1877-7058 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc

2、-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 15th International scientific conference “Underground Urbanisation as a Prerequisite for Sustainable Development doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.

3、11.859 ScienceDirectAvailable online at www.sciencedirect.com15th International scientific conference “Underground Urbanisation as a Prerequisite for Sustainable Development” Prospects for underground parking lots arran

4、gement at the construction of Moscow region residential property Arkadiy Larionov a,*, Yulia Larionova b aNational Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoye sh. 26, Moscow, 129337, Russia bSta

5、te Institute of Economics, Finance, Law, and Technology, Roschinskaya str. 5, Gatchina, 188300, Russia Abstract This article is dedicated to determination of the development peculiarities of the current Moscow region res

6、idential property market. It is advised to consider Moscow and the Moscow Oblast as a unified Moscow region with the coinciding and (or) corresponding aims and tasks for town-planning development. It was proved that no

7、wadays it is necessary to build residential property and provide residential areas with the required parking lots for dwellers’ comfort. The article shows the advantages and disadvantages of underground parking lots ar

8、rangement at residential property construction, including the problems at their commissioning. Here is proved the prospect of underground parking lots arrangement in residential areas. © 2016 The Authors. Publishe

9、d by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 15th International scientific conference “Underground Urbanisation as a Prerequisite for Sustainable Development. Keywords: undergr

10、ound parking lots, residential property market, Moscow region, construction of residential property, residential property, metropolis. 1. Introduction The carcass of the modern metropolis, a large region, includes not o

11、nly landscaped and comfortable residential property, but also street and road network which is directly connected with the difficulties of development and use of the underground territory. During residential property c

12、onstruction, the transportation system of the underground * Corresponding author. Tel.:.+7-916-342-23-40. E-mail address: proflarionov@mail.ru © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access ar

13、ticle under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 15th International scientific conference “Underground Urbanisa

14、tion as a Prerequisite for Sustainable Development1330 Arkadiy Larionov and Yulia Larionova / Procedia Engineering 165 ( 2016 ) 1328 – 1331 lots must appear near Moscow by the end of 2016. The idea is that ever

15、y court, if possible, should have a parking lot. But it is obvious that these places will not be enough, that is why all new territories must have multi-layered parking lots. The adjacent territories should have areas

16、for vehicles, but not in the court, but on the outside [11]. However, in this program the speech is mostly about above-ground parking lots. 3. Results We think that Moscow Oblast residential property market takes a spe

17、cial place among the regional residential property markets. First of all, it is connected with the internal migration on our country: Moscow region (Moscow and Moscow Oblast) for many decades have been a kind of a “pum

18、p” pumping out of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation the most energetic, strong and forward-minded people. This is caused by the fact that on the one hand, regional elite did not provide these people wi

19、th the possibility of self-fulfillment, on the other hand, demand for such people in the capital grows with every year. Herewith, the level of income here is much bigger than in most of the Russian regions. In this reg

20、ard, we should agree with A. N. Larionov and I. V. Malyshev that the economic environment is a combination of time and space of action of the economic entities, the bearer of really objective and really subjective, ide

21、al, material and managerial. Herewith, social and economic are non-separable: people and nature always work for balance tendency [12, p. 61]. We should consider up-to-date the statement of V. Dudkin that market, in its

22、 quite developed form, appears as a chain of independent competing and personified interests, as the system of their inter attraction and repulsion, as a historical phenomenon, but not a natural one. With the change of

23、 the economic type and the system of public production, changes the type of the market control mechanism [13, p. 41]. The second peculiarity of the Moscow region residential property market, as we think, is significant

24、fluctuations of population effectual demand in different segments, and its disbalance with supply. In general, the prices in the Moscow region residential property market are characterized by the situation of a “soap b

25、ubble”, as well as in the foreign residential property markets [14, 15, 16]. We think [17, 18], that the reason is in the lack of understanding by the market participants of the current situation and the strategy for t

26、he residential property market development for a mid-term and long-term perspective in this territory. In this regard, nowadays parking represents the most important element of infrastructure of any urban facility, inc

27、luding a residential house or a complex. Herewith, the cost of immovable property will directly depend on the characteristics and capacity of the parking lot. The advantages of underground parking lots are obvious: the

28、y save free space, can be arranged under roads and buildings, but sanitary and hygienic requirements to their location are much softer if compared to the norms for above-ground parking lots and garages. Besides this, u

29、nderground parking lots make it possible to save energy, decreasing its consumption by constant underground air temperature (in case of good heat insulation of the building). Among the disadvantages of underground park

30、ing lots is high cost of their construction. On the other hand, design of an underground parking makes it possible to use the remaining area for residential, office and trade aims. Developing central districts of the c

31、ity, underground parking should be preferred for a number of reasons [19, p. 182]. During the design of underground parking lots, should be met the following requirements: - necessity to study the structure and peculia

32、rities of soil at great depth, forecast of possible changes in the soil mass and hydrogeological conditions, as well as examination of the foundations of the nearby development, determine great increase in the area, vo

33、lume and detail of engineering and geological research; - design concepts and technology for construction of underground facilities must provide safety and normal operation conditions for nearby above-ground and underg

34、round facilities, especially, historical buildings. To do this, it is necessary to implement mathematical modeling of the changes in the strain-stress state of the soil mass [19, p. 185]. Herewith, long-term observati

35、ons of B. V. Lyapidevsky, A. K. Sherstnev and S. N. Samusev over the condition of underground facilities have shown that the main problem during the operation is unsafe water isolation and appearance of leakages leadin