簡(jiǎn)介：GEOSPATIALINFORMATIONSCIENCE114235242VOLUME11,ISSUE4DOI101007/S11806008009903DECEMBER2008ARTICLEID1009502020080423508DOCUMENTCODEAONSTEREOMODELRECONSTITUTIONINAERIALPHOTOGRAMMETRYYUANXIUXIAOABSTRACTTHISPAPERDESCRIBESTHEOPERATIONALISSUESANDBASICTECHNICALREQUIREMENTSOFMODERNAERIALPHOTOGRAMMETRYTHEACCURACYOFPHOTOGRAMMETRICPOINTDETERMINATIONANDTHEYPARALLAXATCORRESPONDINGMODELPOINTSISANALYZEDWHENSTEREOMODELSARERECONSTITUTEDBYUSINGTHEEXTERIORORIENTATIONELEMENTSOFAERIALIMAGESREALAERIALPHOTOGRAPHS,ATIMAGESCALESFROM12500TO160000,WITHDGPS/IMUDATATAKENFROMVARIOUSTOPOGRAPHIESINCHINAWEREPROCESSEDBYOURPOSSUPPORTEDBUNDLEBLOCKADJUSTMENTPROGRAMWUCAPSTHEEMPIRICALRESULTSVERIFIEDTHATTHEACCURACYOFTHEEXTERIORORIENTATIONELEMENTSFROMBUNDLEBLOCKADJUSTMENTMEETSTHEREQUIREMENTSOFTHESPECIFICATIONSOFTOPOGRAPHICMAPPINGHOWEVER,THEACCURACYOFTHEEXTERIORORIENTATIONELEMENTSDETERMINEDBYPOSFAILSTOMEETTHEREQUIREMENTSOFTHESPECIFICATIONSOFTOPOGRAPHICMAPPINGKEYWORDSAERIALTRIANGULATIONATGPSGLOBALPOSITIONINGSYSTEMPOSPOSITIONANDORIENTATIONSYSTEMSTEREOMODELRECONSTITUTIONGROUNDCONTROLPOINTSGCPSACCURACYCLCNUMBERP2315INTRODUCTIONAERIALPHOTOGRAMMETRYISTHESCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYFOROBTAINING3DIMENSIONALSPATIALINFORMATIONABOUTTHEEARTH’SSURFACEFROMAERIALIMAGESPHOTOGRAMMETRICPOINTDETERMINATION,WHICHLOCATESGROUNDOBJECTSBYUSINGIMAGES,ISTHEBASISFOROBJECTRECOGNITIONINREMOTESENSINGANDTHEKEYPOINTOFTHISISSUEISTHERAPIDANDACCURATEDETERMINATIONOFANIMAGE’SPOSITIONANDBEHAVIORATTHEINSTANTOFIMAGINGTHISGOALWASMETBYAERIALTRIANGULATIONBASEDONWELLDISTRIBUTEDGCPSWITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFSPATIALPOSITIONINGTECHNOLOGY,REMOTESENSINGTECHNOLOGY,ANDCOMPUTERSCIENCE,AERIALTRIANGULATIONEVOLVEDANDPROGRESSEDTOWARDSDIGITALMAPPINGWITHOUTGCPSINTHEEARLY1950’S,PHOTOGRAMMETRICSCIENTISTSBEGANSTUDYINGHOWTOUTILIZEVARIOUSAUXILIARYDATATOREDUCETHENUMBEROFGCPSREQUIREDHOWEVER,THEMETHODSHAVEN’TBECOMEPRACTICALDUETOTECHNOLOGICALLIMITATIONS1UNTIL1970’S,WITHTHEEMERGENCEOFAMERICANGLOBALPOSITIONINGSYSTEMGPS,PEOPLEGOTTOADOPTCARRIERPHASEDIFFERENTIALGPSDGPSTECHNOLOGYTODETERMINEANEXPOSURESTATION’SPOSITIONSTHATISTHREELINEARELEMENTSOFAERIALPHOTOSDURINGAERIALPHOTOGRAPHICPROCESS,WHICHWASUSEDTOPERFORMAERIALTRIANGULATIONCALLEDGPSSUPPORTEDATFORSHORTTHATCANDECREASEPHOTOGRAMMETRICRELIANCEONGCPS,SHORTENTHEMAPPINGCYCLE,ANDREDUCERECEIVEDONJULY14,2008SUPPORTEDBYTHENATIONALNATURALSCIENCEFOUNDATIONOFCHINANO40771176,40721001,THEPROGRAMFORNEWCENTURYEXCELLENTTALENTSINUNIVERSITYNONCET040662YUANXIUXIAO,SCHOOLOFREMOTESENSINGANDINFORMATIONENGINEERING,WUHANUNIVERSITY,129LUOYUROAD,WUHAN430079,CHINASTATEKEYLABORATORYOFINFORMATIONENGINEERINGINSURVEYING,MAPPINGANDREMOTESENSING,WUHANUNIVERSITY,129LUOYUROAD,WUHAN430079,CHINAEMAILYXXQXHYWPUBLICWHHBCNDOI101007/S1180600800993YUANXIUXIAO/ONSTEREOMODELRECONSTITUTIONINAERIAL237SHOWNINFIG222GROUNDCONTROLPLANINDIGITALPHOTOGRAMMETRYWORKSTATIONS,AEROTRIANGULATIONISCARRIEDOUTBYTHEMOSTTHEORETICALLYRIGOROUSPROCEDUREOFBUNDLEBLOCKADJUSTMENT,BUTFORTHESAKEOFOBTAININGTHEBESTPASSPOINTS’COORDINATESANDTHEEXTERIORORIENTATIONELEMENTSOFPHOTOS,GROUNDCONTROLPLANSHOULDBEDESIGNED,ASSHOWNINFIG3,FORDIFFERENTPATTERNSOFAERIALPHOTOGRAMMETRYFIG2PATTERNSOFTHEMODERNAERIALPHOTOGRAPHYFIG3DISTRIBUTIONOFGCPSINBUNDLEBLOCKADJUSTMENT23DIGITALMAPPINGTHEORETICALLY,AFTERGETTINGTHEACCURATEEXTERIORORIENTATIONELEMENTSOFIMAGES,MEASURABLESTEREOMODELSCANBERECONSTRUCTEDUSINGMODELRESTORATION,BYWHICHWECANDOSURVEYINGANDMAPPINGOFTERRAINANDOBJECTSAUTOMATICALLYHOWEVER,THECURRENTPROCESSOFPRODUCING4DPRODUCTISSINGLEPHOTOINTERIORORIENTATION→RELATIVEORIENTATIONOFSTEREOPAIR→SINGLEMODELABSOLUTEORIENTATION→SURVEYINGANDMAPPINGONSTEREOMODELSTHEMETHODOFMODELRESTORATIONISONLYADOPTEDINTHEDIRECTGEOREFERENCINGOFPOSSUPPORTEDAERIALPHOTOGRAMMETRY3EXPERIMENTSANDANALYSISTHEREARETWOWAYSOFAERIALPHOTOGRAMMETRICPOSITIONINGONEISCALLEDBLOCKAEROTRIANGULATION,REGARDINGIMAGEPOINTS’COORDINATES,GCPS’COORDINATESAND/ORTHEEXTERIORORIENTATIONELEMENTSOFIMAGESASWEIGHTEDOBSERVEDVALUES,ANDCOMBINEDBUNDLEBLOCKADJUSTMENTISPERFORMEDTOSOLVETHEIMAGES’ORIENTATIONPARAMETERSANDTARGETPOINTS’SPATIALCOORDINATES,SOASTOSUPPLYORIENTATIONCONTROLPOINTSFORSTEREOMODELMAPPINGANDDOHIGHLYACCURATEGEOMETRICPOSITIONINGFORAERIALPHOTOGRAMMETRYOFDIFFERENTSCALESANDTOPOGRAPHICTYPES,TOPOGRAPHICMAPSSPECIFICATIONSFORAEROPHOTOGRAMMETRICOFFICEOPERATIONHASDEFINEDRESPECTIVEAEROTRIANGULATIONMETHOD,GROUNDCONTROLPLAN,ANDALSOCONCRETESTANDARDSFORPASSPOINTACCURACYTHISMETHODISESTABLISHEDANDWIDELYUSEDTHEOTHERISCALLEDDIRECTGEOREFERENCING,UNDERTHESUPPOSITIONTHATHIGHLYACCURATEIMAGEELEMENTSOFEXTERIORORIENTATIONWEREAVAILABLE,SPACEINTERSECTIONISCARRIEDOUTTOCALCULATECORRESPONDINGOBJECTPOINT’SOBJECTSPACECOORDINATESBYUSINGPHOTOCOORDINATESYSTEM’SCOORDINATESOFCONJUGATIVEIMAGEPOINTSINSTEREOPAIRSTHISAPPROACHDIRECTLYDETERMINESTHEOBJECT’SPOSITION,SO4DPRODUCTSCANBEPRODUCEDTHENTHEPAPERWILLMAINLYDISCUSSHOWWELLTHEPOSITIONINGACCURACYCANBEACHIEVEDANDTHESTEREOMODELYPARALLAXWHENUSINGIMAGEEXTERIORORIENTATIONELEMENTSOBTAINEDINVARIOUSWAYS
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