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簡(jiǎn)介:學(xué)位論文獨(dú)創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重聲明所提交的學(xué)位論文是本人在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行的研究工作和取得的研究成果。本論文中除引文外,所有實(shí)驗(yàn)、數(shù)據(jù)和有關(guān)材料均是真實(shí)的。本論文中除引文和致謝的內(nèi)容外,不包含其他人或其它機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的研究成果。其他同志對(duì)本研究所做的貢獻(xiàn)均已在論文中作了聲明并表示了謝意。學(xué)位論文作者簽名王IKFT期矽哆;。司J學(xué)位論文使用授權(quán)聲明研究生在校攻讀學(xué)位期間論文工作的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)單位屬南京師范大學(xué)。學(xué)校有權(quán)保存本學(xué)位論文的電子和紙質(zhì)文檔,可以借閱或上網(wǎng)公布本學(xué)位論文的部分或全部?jī)?nèi)容,可以采用影印、復(fù)印等手段保存、匯編本學(xué)位論文。學(xué)??梢韵驀?guó)家有關(guān)機(jī)關(guān)或機(jī)構(gòu)送交論文的電子和紙質(zhì)文檔,允許論文被查閱和借閱。保密論文在解密后遵守此規(guī)定保密論文注釋本學(xué)位論文屬于保密論文,密級(jí)箜丑保L密期限為年。學(xué)位論文作者簽名ITTK指導(dǎo)教師簽名日糾孚期如暇羅。1日期油FF呷ABSTRACTCOMPLYINGWITHTHECONCEPTANDREQUIREMENTSOFHISTORYNEWCURRICULUM,TEACHINGHISTORYNEEDSINNOVATINGRESOURCES,METHODSCONSTANTLYCOMBININGHISTORYTHEORYWITHTEACHINGBECOMESTHEWAYTOPROMOTEMIDDLESCHOOLHISTORYTEACHINGDEVELOPMENTANDINNOVATIONTHEORALHISTORYASABRANCHDISCIPLINEOFHISTORYCANBECLOSELYCOMBINEDWITHHISTORYTEACHINGTHENWITHITSOWNUNIQUEADVANTAGES,THEORALHISTORYCANREALIZETHEVALUEOFINNOVATIONTHISPAPERFOCUSONTHEORALHISTORYHOWTOAPPLYINMIDDLESCHOOLHISTORYTEACHINGFROMTHEPERSPECTIVEOFPRACTICALTEACHINGOPERATION,THISPAPERWOULDINSTRUCTTHEMETHODOFAPPLYINGTHEORALHISTORYINDETAIL,ANDDESIGNTHECASEOFAPPLYINGTHEORALHISTORYCAREFULLYTHEBASICCONTENTOFFULLTEXTISDIVIDEDINTOTHREEPARTSTHEFIRSTPARTINTRODUCESTHEVALUEOFTHESELECTEDTOPIC,DEFINETHEORALHISTORYANDSUMMARIZETHECURRENTRESEARCHSTATESINAPPLICATIONOFORALHISTORYTEACHINGINMIDDLESCHOOLSTHESECONDPARTANALYZESTHEFEASIBILITYOFTHEAPPLICATIONONEOFTHEMETHODSISUSINGTHEORALHISTORYASTEACHINGRESOURCESTHEOTHERISUSINGORALHISTORYASATEACHINGORGANIZATIONFORMTHETHIRDPARTEMPHASIZESTHEAPPLICATIONVALUEOFORALHISTORYEXPOUNDINGITFROMTHEPERSPECTIVEOFTHETHREEDIMENSIONALTHEFOURTHPARTDETAILSTHEORALHISTORYAPPLICATIONGENERALMETHODANDPRINCIPLE,ANALYZINGITASTHEHISTORICALDATAANDLEARNINGMETHODSRESPECTIVELYTHEFIFTHPARTDESIGNTHEAPPLICATIONOFORALHISTORYINCLUDINGTHECASEABOUTTHECHINESEMODEMHISTORYFOREXAMPLEANDTHEDESIGNOFTHESUBJECTINQUIRYACTIVITYKEYWORDSMIDDLESCHOOLHISTORYORALHISTORYAPPLICATIONMETHODS,CASEII
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簡(jiǎn)介:上海師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文數(shù)學(xué)史與高中數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)整合的理論與實(shí)踐姓名朱亮申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)課程與教學(xué)論指導(dǎo)教師陸新生20080401TITTLETHETHEORYANDPRACTICEOFINTE伊ATINGHISTORYOFMATHEMATICSTOMATHEMATICSTEACHINGINHI曲SCH00LMAJORCULLRICULUMANDTEACHINGMETHODOLOGYMATHEMATICSPROPOSEFZHU“ANGSUPEⅣISORHXINSHENGABSTRACTHISTORVOFMATHEMATICSIMPLIEDINTOMATHEMATICSEDUCATIONHASBEENAWORLDWIDEINFLUENTIALMOVEMENTIILINTEMATIONAL,THEINTE盯ATIONBETWEENTHEHISTORYOFMATHEMATICSANDMATHEMATICSTEACHINGHASBEENANIMPORTANTFIELDOFHPMIILCHINA,EMBODVINGMATHEMATICALCULTUREVALUEISTAKENASABASICNOTIONOFTHENEWCU丌ICULUMCRITERION,ANDTHEANTHOLOGVOFHISTORVOFMATHEMATICSISMADEASASPECIALISSUEWITHTHEPROCESSESOFTHEEDUCATIONREFOMHOWTOINTE毋ATETHEHISTORYOFMATHEMATICSINTOMATHEMATICSEDUCATIONWOULDBEWIDELVOBSERVEDHOWEVER’TETHERSTEACHINGMATHEMATICSWITHHISTORVOFMATHEMATICSARENOTFAMILIARWITHSUCHKINDOFINTE伊ATION,THEYSIMPLYADDANDPLANTTHEHISTORYOFMATHEMATICSINTOMATHEMATICSTEACHINGTHEREFORE,THEFIRSTTASKOFTHETHESISISTOGIVEDIFINTIONTOTHEINTE盯ATIONOFHISTORYOFMATHEMATICSTOMATHEMATICSTEACHINGINHI曲SCHOOL,SUMMARIZEANDHASINDUCEDTHEKEYCHARACTERISTICOFTHEINTEGRATIONSECONDLY0NTHEBASEOFPROPOSIONGASERIESOFPRINCIPLE’SFBUNDATION,IDESIGNTHEPRINCIPLEANDTHEMAININLPLEMENTATIONSTEPOFINTE伊ATIONSIMULTANEOUSLY,THMU曲UNIFIEDWITHSOMEOFSHAN曲AI’SHI曲SCHOOLMATHEMATICSCOURSECONTENT,DESI印SANDHASANALVZEDSOMEINTEGRATEDTEACHINGMATERIALINORDERTOEXAMETHEEFF℃CTIONOFTHOSETEARCHINGMATEFIALS,IDIDSOMETEACHINGEXPERIMENTINHIGLLSCH001USINGTHEQUESTIO衄AIRESURVEYANDTHEINTERVIEWTOCOLLECTDATA,ANDUSEDMETHOD0FTHEQUOTAANDTHEQUALITATIVEANALYSIST0ANALVSISTHOSEDATAFINALLY,OBTAINEDTHECONCLUSIONTHEINTERGRATIONOFHISTORVOFMATHEMATICST0ANDMATHEMATICSTEACHINGINHIGHSCHOOLCANOBVIOUSLVENHANCESTHESTUDENTS’INTERESTINGTOSTUDYMATHEMATICS,HELDSTUDENTUNDERSTANDSMATHEMATICS,ASWELLASIMPROVEDTHESTUDENTTOMATHEMATICSVIEWPOINTIHOPETHATTHEREACHERWILLMAKEMOREANDMORETEACHERSUNDERSTANDWHATISTHEINTE伊ATIONOFHISTORYOFMATHEMATICSANDMATHEMATICSTEACHINGINHIGHSCHOOL,ANDMASTERTHEMETHOD,INORDERTOPROVIDESOMEHELPFORTEACHERSWHOUSETHEHISTORV0FMATHEMATICSTOPROMOTESTUDENT’SMATHEMATICSSTUDVWELLKEYWORDINTEGRATION;HISTORYOFMATHEMATICS;MATHEMATICSEDUCATION;SENIORHIGHSCHOOL;TEACHINGMATERIALTHESISTYPEAPPLIEDRRESEARCHLI
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簡(jiǎn)介:學(xué)位論文獨(dú)創(chuàng)性聲明本人承諾所呈交的學(xué)位論文是本人在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下所取得的研究成果。論文中除特別加以標(biāo)注和致謝的地方外,不包含他人和其他機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)撰寫或發(fā)表過的研究成果,其他同志的研究成果對(duì)本人的啟示和所提供的幫助,均已在論文中做了明確的聲明并表示謝意。學(xué)位論文作者躲互娜學(xué)位論文版權(quán)的使用授權(quán)書本學(xué)位論文作者完全了解遼寧師范大學(xué)有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定,及學(xué)校有權(quán)保留并向國(guó)家有關(guān)部門或機(jī)構(gòu)送交復(fù)印件或磁盤,允許論文被查閱和借閱。本文授權(quán)遼寧師范大學(xué),可以將學(xué)位論文的全部或部分內(nèi)容編入有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)并進(jìn)行檢索,可以采用影印、縮印或掃描等復(fù)制手段保存、匯編學(xué)位論文,并且本人電子文檔的內(nèi)容和紙質(zhì)論文的內(nèi)容相一致。保密的學(xué)位論文在解密后使用本授權(quán)書。學(xué)位論文作者簽名』雛指導(dǎo)教師簽名L袍簽名日期年月日ABS仃ACTCONTENTMATHEMATICSCLASSROOMTEACHINGINOURCOUNTRYGENERALLYPAYSMOREATTENTIONTOTHEREASONINGOFTHEMATHEMATICALMODEOFEXERCISE,OFTENIGNORINGTHECULTIVATIONOFSTUDENTS’MATHEMATICSIDEOLOGYANDCULTURECONNOTATIONINTHEBACKGROUNDOFTHENEWCURRICULUMREFORM,THEHISTORYOFMATHEMATICSINTOMATHEMATICSCLASSROOMISMOREANDMOREVALUEDBYTHEEDUCATIONDEPARTMENT,ANDITHASBECOMETHEINEVITABLEREQUIREMENTOFTHEDEVELOPMENTOFMATHEMATICSCURRICULUMREFORMTHISTHESISTHROUGHTHERESEARCHOFTHERELEVANTLITERATUREONTHEDOMESTICANDFOREIGNHISTORYOFMATHEMATICSANDMATHEMATICSTEACHING,PUTSFORWARDTHEVIEWPOINTOFCONSTRUCTIVISMUNDERTHE”SITUATIONALTEACHING”,THELEADINGROLETOSTIMULATESTUDENTSINTERESTINLEARNING,ANDONLEARNINGTHEHISTORYOFMATHEMATICSINTHECULTIVATIONOFSTUDENTS’VOLITIONALQUALITYPATRIOTICEMOTION,THEUNDERSTANDINGOFMATHEMATICS,ASWELLASBETWEENMATHEMATICSANDOTHERTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENDISCIPLINESANDOTHERASPECTSOFTHETHEORETICALANALYSISANDEXAMPLEDEMONSTRATIONINTHEEXAMPLESOFCLASSROOMTEACHING,THROUGHTHEANALYSISOFTHEHISTORYOFMATHEMATICSINTHEHIGHSCHOOLMATHEMATICSCURRICULUMCONTENTTHETHESISRESPECTIVELYSUMMARIZESTHEMAINCONTENTOFTHE11TOPICSINTHEBOOKWITHTHEUSAGEOFTHESETOPICSINTHEDEVELOPMENTOFMATHEMATICSINTHEROLEOFREFERENCESTUDYTHETHESISTALKSABOUTTHELEADINGROLEOFTHEHISTORYOFMATHEMATICSLEARNINGANDTHEPAPERALSOPOINTSOUTTHATTHETEACHINGMATERIALINTHESETOPICSCANHELPSTUDENTSTOHAVEABETTERUNDERSTANDINGOFMATHEMATICS,TOGRASPTHERELATIONSHIPOFMATHEMATICSKNOWLEDGE,WHICHCANPLAYSTHEROLEOFINTERCONNECTIONINORDERTOCHANGETHEEXISTINGSINGLECLASSROOMTEACHINGMODE,THETHESISPUTSFORWARDTHENEWVIEWOFTEACHINGBYCASESTUDYWHICHISRALTEDTOHOWTOINTRODUCETHEHISTORYOFMATHEMATICSINTOJUNIORMIDDLESCHOOLMATHEMATICSCLASSROOMTEACHINGANDITBREAKSTHROUGHTHETRADITIONALTEACHINGMETHODANDSHOWSTHEEDUCATIONALSIGNIFICANCEOFTHETEACHINGOFTHEMATHEMATICALHISTORYTHROUGHTHEDISCOVERYINMATHEMATICSHISTORYTEACHINGINPRACTICALPROBLEMS,F(xiàn)ROMTHETEACHER’SPROFESSIONALLEVEL,THEHISTORYOFMATHEMATICSTEACHINGMATERIALPROCESSING,MATHEMATICSCLASSROOMTEACHING,PUTFORWARDTOTHETEACHINGOFTEACHERSOFMATHEMATICSHISTORYSUGGESTEDTHREEASPECTSTHISPAPERAIMSTORESEARCHONTEACHINGTHEHISTORYOFMATHEMATICSINTOMATHEMATICSCLASSROOMOFMIDDLESCHOOL,PUTSFORWARDTHENEWTEACHINGCONCEPTTO
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簡(jiǎn)介:⑥?MASTER鼢STIL丈E嘟碩士學(xué)位論文如何在教學(xué)中凸顯數(shù)學(xué)史的滲透論文作者胡雄指導(dǎo)教師彭樹德副教授學(xué)科專業(yè)學(xué)科教學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)研究方向數(shù)學(xué)應(yīng)用研究華中師范大學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)與統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)學(xué)院2015年7月華中師范大學(xué)學(xué)位論文原創(chuàng)性聲明和使用授權(quán)說明原創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重聲明所呈交的學(xué)位論文,是本人在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下,獨(dú)立進(jìn)行研究工作所取得的研究成果。除文中已經(jīng)標(biāo)明引用的內(nèi)容外,本論文不包含任何其他個(gè)人或集體已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的研究成果。對(duì)本文的研究做出貢獻(xiàn)的個(gè)人和集體,均已在文中以明確方式標(biāo)明。本聲明的法律結(jié)果由本人承擔(dān)。作者簽名讕椎日期沙,弭7月F伽學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書學(xué)位論文作者完全了解華中師范大學(xué)有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定,即研究生在校攻讀學(xué)位期間論文工作的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)單位屬華中師范大學(xué)。學(xué)校有權(quán)保留并向國(guó)家有關(guān)部門或機(jī)構(gòu)送交論文的復(fù)印件和電子版,允許學(xué)位論文被查閱和借閱;學(xué)??梢怨紝W(xué)位論文的全部或部分內(nèi)容,可以允許采用影印、縮印或其它復(fù)制手段保存、匯編學(xué)位論文。保密的學(xué)位論文在解密后遵守此規(guī)定保密論文注釋本學(xué)位論文屬于保密,在年解密后適用本授權(quán)書。非保密論文注釋本學(xué)位論文不屬于保密范圍,適用本授權(quán)書。作者簽名讕匆羔日期加,R年月F多日導(dǎo)師簽名日期年月日本人已經(jīng)認(rèn)真閱讀“CALLS高校學(xué)位論文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)發(fā)布章程“,同意將本人的學(xué)位論文提交“CALIS高校學(xué)位論文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)“中全文發(fā)布,并可按“章程“中的規(guī)定享受相關(guān)權(quán)益?;匾庹撊战或壮悟祝坏┳?;旦二生;旦三生發(fā)查。作者簽名櫥雄日期知心年7月F6日導(dǎo)師簽名日期年月日
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簡(jiǎn)介:分類號(hào)???????UDC密級(jí)?一公?開??多翥廬夕擎碩士研究生學(xué)位論文美洲南瓜裸仁基因的SSR分子標(biāo)記申請(qǐng)人學(xué)號(hào)培養(yǎng)單位學(xué)科專業(yè)研究方向指導(dǎo)教師完成日期鄒伶威2100686生命科學(xué)學(xué)院生物化學(xué)與分子生物學(xué)植物生物技術(shù)與基因工程王廣金、李柱剛研究員2013年5月28日黑龍江大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTPUMPKINISODEOFTHEMOSTIMPORTANTECONOMICCROPSTHATPEOPLECULTIVATEDEARLIEST.NAKEDKERNELCUCURBITA,ALSOKNOWNASNOSHELLPUMPHN,ISARARELYCUCURBITASEEDSPECIE,WHICHNAMEDASITHASMATURESEEDWITHOUTWHITEHARDSEEDSHELL,ANDONLYALAYEROFGREENMEMBRANEPACKEDOVERIT.THENAKEDKERNELTRAITISCONTROLLEDBYAPAIROFMAJORRECESSIVEGENEANDSOMEMODIFIEDGENES.THERECESSIVEGENEDECIDEDTHEREISSEEDCOATISORNOT,ANDTHEMODIFIEDGENECONTROLLEDWHETHERTHEGREENMEMBRANEISTHICKORTHIN.BECAUSEOFNAKEDKERNELCUCURBITASEEDDONOTREQUIREREMOVEMEMOFSEEDSHELL,THESEEDOFFRUITEASYTOOBTAINANDEASYTOEAT.NAKEDKERNELCUCURBITAHASBEENWIDELYUSEDFORFOODEMBELLISHMENT.THEPOSITIONINGANALYSISFORNAKEDKERNELCHARACTEROFPUMPKINWASSTUDIEDWITHSSRMOLECULARMARKERTECHNIQUETOFINDOUTTHEMOLECULARMAKERSCLOSEDTOTHENAKEDKERNELGENE刀,ANDPROVIDEDTHEORETICALBASISFORNAKEDKERNELCUCURBITAMOLECULARMARKERASSISTEDBREEDING.THERESULTSOFTHESTUDYSHOWTHIS1.JINHUI2,INBREDLINEOFCURCURBITAPEPOL.WITHSEEDSHELLAND0516.2,INBREDLINEOFNAKEDKEMELCUCURBITAWERESELECTEDASPARENTSMATERIALS,ANDTHEFLORTHOGONALANDRECIPROCALCROSS,F(xiàn)2SEEDSWEREEXPERIMENTALMATERIALS.THEFIELDINVESTIGATIONOFPHENOTYPICTRAITSINJINHUI205162F2POPULATIONSIS3.31WHICHFOLLOWSTHEBASICLAWOFMENDELIANSEPARATION,SOTHAT,THENAKEDKERNELCHARACTERISCONTROLLEDBYAPAIROFRECESSIVEGENE.2.500PAIRSSSRPRIMERWERESCREENEDUSEPARENTSJIHUI2AND05162,126PAIRSHADPOLYMORPHISM.THE156F2POPULATIONSWEREANALYZIEDWI廿1SELECTED126PAIRSOFPRIME,STATISTICALDATAOFDIFFERENTBANDS,ANDCALCULATEGENETICDISTANCE.3.ANALYSISTHEF2POPULATIONS,4SSRMARKERSWHICHCLOSELYLINKEDWITHNAKEDKERNELGENESNAREIDENTIFIEDCMTP264;CMTP85,CMTPL65ANDCMTML5,GENETICDISTANCEWAS5.7CM,10.7CM,12.2CMAND15.7CMRESPECTIVELY.4.THEOBTAINEDSSRMARKERCMTP264WHICHCLOSELYLINKEDWITHCURCURBITAPEPOL.NAKEDKERNELGENE玎,THISSSRMARKERCANBEHELPFULTOTHEACCURATEPOSITIONINGANDII
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上傳時(shí)間:2024-03-06
頁(yè)數(shù): 174
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簡(jiǎn)介:墓黎、毫≥。、拈蛹謦_,YIOP,1_、_●。_,。。I一,。’“,,0,‘,一’。冷麟美零煦拉了美淵政策。二。。學(xué)棱代碼;10246。學(xué)丹T031017022院。0系。國(guó)際關(guān)系與公共事務(wù)學(xué)院~、’、J,,J1?!??!?,J專,。。黲、國(guó)腰政治?!觥?;≈’、OJ√_、蛀J0轢朱鴻博I■“I一_。、、。,一“一_‘’穗、嬖羲蛾JJ釁教授。T。蠢釃霉一一/’≥蕊每五A每HABSTRACTATIERTHECOLDWARUSHEGEMONYINLATINAMERICAWASMORESOLIDTHANEVERANDITSFOREIGNPOLICYTOWARDSLATINAMERICAHASUNDERGONEGREATCHANGEEVERSINCETHISTHESISTRIESTOGIVEANINTENSIVEDESCRIPTIONANDADEEPRESEARCHABOUTTHEEVOLUTIONOFUSFOREIGNPOLICYTOWARDSLATINAMERICAATTHESAMETIME,THEPAPERINTENDSTOANALYZETHISPOLICYINATHEORETICALPARADIGMOFIDEALISMANDREALISMINORDERTODEEPENTHERESEARCHINTHEFUTURETHEPAPERISDIVIDEDINTOSEVENPARTS,INCLUDINGINTRODUCTION、CONCLUSIONANDFIVECHAPTERSININTRODUCTIONITISTOLDHOWANDWHYTHISTOPICISCHOSENWHATTHEMAINCONTENTSAREWHICHNEWARGUMENTSTHEAUTHORWILLGIVETHERESEARCHCONTEXTANDACADEMICBACKGROUNDWOULDBEGIVENANDANALYZEDINTHISPARTASWELLTHEFIRSTCHAPTERLOOKSBACKTOTHEHISTORYOFUSPOLICYTOWARDSLATINAMERICABEFORETHECOLDWARWHICHISBUILTONTHEFOUNDATIONOFMONROEDOCTRINE1NTHEAUTHOR’SVIEWMONROEDOCTRINEWASAGAINSTTHEINTERFERENCEOFEUROPEANPOWERSINTERMSGEOPOLITICSONTHEONEHAND,ANDITDEFENDEDTHENEWLYBORNREPUBLICANDEMOCRACYOFLATINAMERICAINTERMSOFIDEOLOGYONTHEOTHERHANDTHEMANIFESTDESTINYWHICHWASTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEMONROEDOCTRINEWASAKINDOFEXPANSIONISTPOLICYIN‘THEPERIODOFCOLDWARUSPOLICYWASCENTEREDMAINLYONDEFYINGFORMERSOVIETUNIONINLATINAMERICAWITHAREALISTICFOREIGNPOLICYOFSUPPORTINGPROAMERICARIGHTWINGMILITARYDICTATORSHIPINLATINAMERICAPRESIDENTWILSON’SPOLICYANDPRESIDENTCARTER’S“HURNANRIGHTS”POLICYWERECONSIDEREDASMOREIDEALISTICTHANREALISTICTHESECONDCHAPTERDEALSWITHTHEPOLICYOF0LDBUSHADMINISTRATIONANDPOSTCOLDⅥ協(xié)POLICYTOWARDSLATINAMERICALIKEPRESIDENTREAGANPRESIDENTOLDBUSHTRIEDHISBESTTOSOLVETHEWARANDCONFLICTPEACEFULLYINTHEHOTSPOTOFCENTRALLATINAMERICAINORDERTOCOMBATFORLTLERSOVIETUNIONHISPOLICYWASSUCCESSFULWITHTHECOMBINATIONOFIDEALISMANDREALISMPRESIDENTOLDBUSHLAUNCHEDTHE“AMERICANINITIATIVES”ANDSTARTEDTHEPROCESSOFFTAAWHICHWASTHEMAINANDCENTRALTOPICSOFPOSTCOLDWARPOLICYTOWARDSLATINAMERICATHETHIRDCHAPTERDEALSWITHPRESIDENTCLINTON’SFOREIGNPOLICYTOWARDSLATINAMERICA,WHICHLIKEHISPREDECESSOR’SPOLICY,WASFOCUSEDONBUILDINGF1’AAANDEXPANDINGFREEDOMANDDEMOCRACYPRESIDENTCLINTON’SPOLICYISCONSIDEREDASLOSINGMANYOPPORTUNITIESANDASBEINGNOTSOSUCCESSFULWITHHISOPPORTUNISMPOLICYANDNEGLECTINGLATINAMERICANISSUESPRESIDENTCLINTON’SEXPANDINGFREETRADEPOLICYINLATINAMERICAWITHFTAAASTHECENTERFAILEDTHISCHAPTERALSODEALSWITHPRESIDENTCLINTON’SPOLICYOFPROMOTINGFREEDOMANDDEMOCRACYINLATINAMERICAWITHTHECASESTUDYOFHAITIANDCUBAANDTHECHALLENGESFROMDRUGTRAFFICKINGAND
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簡(jiǎn)介:南開大學(xué)學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書本人完全了解南開大學(xué)關(guān)于收集、保存、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定,同意如下各項(xiàng)內(nèi)容按照學(xué)校要求提交學(xué)位論文的印刷本和電子版本;學(xué)校有權(quán)保存學(xué)位論文的印刷本和電子版,并采用影印、縮印、掃描、數(shù)字化或其它手段保存論文;學(xué)校有權(quán)提供目錄檢索以及提供本學(xué)位論文全文或者部分的閱覽服務(wù);學(xué)校有權(quán)按有關(guān)規(guī)定向國(guó)家有關(guān)部門或者機(jī)構(gòu)送交論文的復(fù)印件和電子版;在不以贏利為目的的前提下,學(xué)??梢赃m當(dāng)復(fù)制論文的部分或全部?jī)?nèi)容用于學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)。學(xué)位論文作者簽名年月日經(jīng)指導(dǎo)教師同意,本學(xué)位論文屬于保密,在年解密后適用本授權(quán)書。指導(dǎo)教師簽名學(xué)位論文作者簽名解密時(shí)間年月日各密級(jí)的最長(zhǎng)保密年限及書寫格式規(guī)定如下?一0鼉一內(nèi)部5年最長(zhǎng)5年,可少子5年?I重善。秘密★10年最長(zhǎng)LO年,??缮儆?0年童。Ⅲ_一機(jī)密★20年最摻20孽≯I再囊于20簿。量_謄驀?善__J。一內(nèi)容摘要內(nèi)容摘要國(guó)際關(guān)系理論史就是一部不同學(xué)派、觀點(diǎn)之間的論戰(zhàn)史,而這其中第二次論戰(zhàn)又有其特殊之處,它被認(rèn)為是一場(chǎng)只涉及方法,而不涉及具體實(shí)體理論的論戰(zhàn),因此被認(rèn)為是一場(chǎng)虛假的論戰(zhàn)。本文試圖對(duì)這樣的說法提出懷疑。本文對(duì)第二次論戰(zhàn)的認(rèn)識(shí)建立在理論史的視角上,試圖用一種新的方法闡述“第二次論戰(zhàn)”,即將理論史看作是有“問題“的歷史和將理論史區(qū)分為內(nèi)部史與外部史,最后在此基礎(chǔ)上得到新的較為合理的結(jié)論。將理論史分成外部史與內(nèi)部史是為了全面而深入地論述這一場(chǎng)論戰(zhàn),外部史主要討論的問題是論戰(zhàn)興起的學(xué)術(shù)與社會(huì)背景、什么是行為主義、論戰(zhàn)雙方各自做出哪些具體的努力以及論戰(zhàn)的帷幕是如何落下的;內(nèi)部史關(guān)注的是論戰(zhàn)雙方在四個(gè)核心問題上的分歧人的行為和國(guó)家間的關(guān)系是否具有可發(fā)現(xiàn)的統(tǒng)一性,變量以及量化在研究中的重要性,國(guó)際關(guān)系研究中的預(yù)測(cè)是否可能以及價(jià)值中立的必要性與可能性,對(duì)這些問題的截然不同的回答體現(xiàn)了雙方的深刻分歧。第二次論戰(zhàn)雖然只涉及方法論的爭(zhēng)論關(guān)于國(guó)際關(guān)系的知識(shí)是否可能以及獲得這種知識(shí)的合理方法,但它對(duì)國(guó)際關(guān)系研究的發(fā)展有實(shí)質(zhì)性的推動(dòng)作用,并最終有助于確立國(guó)際關(guān)系研究作為I1學(xué)科的地位,所以它并不是一場(chǎng)虛假的論戰(zhàn)。關(guān)鍵詞第二次論戰(zhàn)傳統(tǒng)主義行為主義理論史
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簡(jiǎn)介:INFLUENCEOFBIOCHARAMENDMENTSTOSOILSONLIFEHISTORYOF川刀_以R坳黝三【廠GENANDABUNDNACESOFDOMINANTAR,RHROPODGROUPSINPADDYFIELDLIXUTHETHESISSUBMITTEDTONANJINGAGRICULTURALUNIVERSITYINPARTIALFULFILLMENTOFTHEREQUIREMENTSFORMASTERDEGREESUPERVISEDBYPROFESSORLIBAOPINGDEPARTMENTOFENTOMOLOGYNANJINGAGRICULTURALUNIVERSITYNANJING,210095,PRCHINAJUNE,2015目錄目錄摘要IA】;STRACTIII第1章文獻(xiàn)綜述111生物炭研究進(jìn)展1111對(duì)土壤改良及環(huán)境效益的影響1112對(duì)植物生長(zhǎng)影響312環(huán)境和營(yíng)養(yǎng)條件對(duì)昆蟲的影響5121C02濃度對(duì)田問害蟲的影響5122溫度升高對(duì)害蟲的影響5123水肥管理水平對(duì)害蟲的影響一613褐飛虱的生物學(xué)特性及生活史6131褐飛虱的危害一6132褐飛虱的防治71321化學(xué)防治71322天敵防治71323農(nóng)業(yè)措施防治814本論文研究的內(nèi)容、目的和技術(shù)路線8141研究?jī)?nèi)容及目的8142主要技術(shù)路線一9第2章施用復(fù)合肥土壤中施加生物炭對(duì)褐飛虱生活史特征的影響1121材料與方法一1L211試驗(yàn)材料及來源11212試驗(yàn)方法112121褐飛虱若蟲發(fā)育歷期及存活率的觀察122122褐飛虱成蟲短翅率及產(chǎn)卵量的觀察12213數(shù)據(jù)分析1222結(jié)果與分析13221不同生物炭水平對(duì)褐飛虱若蟲發(fā)育歷期及存活率的影響13222不同生物炭水平對(duì)褐飛虱成蟲翅型及產(chǎn)卵量的影響1423討侖15第3章施用生物炭對(duì)稻田主要節(jié)肢動(dòng)物數(shù)量的影響1731材料與方法18311調(diào)查地點(diǎn)與材料18312調(diào)查方法18313數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析1832結(jié)果與分析18321不同生物炭類型和N肥對(duì)飛虱數(shù)量的影響183211不同生物炭類型和N肥對(duì)褐飛虱數(shù)量的影響18
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簡(jiǎn)介:分類號(hào)旦Q洳≥≥、法碩士學(xué)位論文⑧單位代碼Q曼塹學(xué)號(hào)呈魚嬰哩英文論文題目△S墜亟Y(jié)Q£L叢寶蘭望熊星竺叢曼叢亟QYQ£S£叢Q型望星苧塾I衛(wèi)4川2舢0川8㈣93川3Y獨(dú)創(chuàng)性聲明本人聲明所呈交的學(xué)位論文是本人在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。據(jù)我所知,除了文中特別加以標(biāo)注和致謝的地方外,論文中不包含其他人已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的研究成果,也不包含為獲得逝壘盤堂或其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)的學(xué)位或證書而使用過的材料。與我一同工作的同志對(duì)本研究所做的任何貢獻(xiàn)均已在論文中作了明確的說明并表示謝意。學(xué)位論文作者簽名茹≤卷簽字日期沙,G年6月J。日學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書本學(xué)位論文作者完全了解堂望盤堂有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定,有權(quán)保留并向國(guó)家有關(guān)部門或機(jī)構(gòu)送交論文的復(fù)印件和磁盤,允許論文被查閱和借閱。本人授權(quán)逝至三盤堂可以將學(xué)位論文的全部或部分內(nèi)容編入有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行檢索,可以采用影印、縮印或掃描等復(fù)制手段保存、匯編學(xué)位論文。保密的學(xué)位論文在解密后適用本授權(quán)書學(xué)位論文作者簽名爽春導(dǎo)師簽名F否居園清簽字日期礦F,年F月,。曰簽字日期仍宮年舌月歹日
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簡(jiǎn)介:分類號(hào)分類號(hào)密級(jí)UDC編號(hào)碩士學(xué)位論文美洲鰣魚GNRH基因的克隆與表達(dá)分析于久翔(20142109)指導(dǎo)教師姓名雷霽霖院士姜志強(qiáng)教授專業(yè)名稱水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖論文答辯日期2017年6月3日學(xué)位授予日期摘要I摘要美洲鰣魚ALOSASAPIDISSIMA隸屬于鯡形總目CLUPEOMPHA鯡形目CLUPEIFMES鯡科CLUPEIDAE、西鯡屬ALOSA。美洲鰣魚與中國(guó)的鰣魚TENUALOSAREEVESIIRIDSON不但外形相似,且在生活習(xí)性上都很近似,二者均是具有很高營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值和經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值的洄游性魚類。目前,在市場(chǎng)上美洲鰣魚可以作為在中國(guó)資源奇缺的中國(guó)鰣魚的替代品種進(jìn)行養(yǎng)殖、推廣和食用。促性腺激素釋放激素(GNRH)一種具有高度保守性的十肽類激素,作為脊椎動(dòng)物神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)中關(guān)鍵激素,其在腦垂體性腺(BPG)軸中起到重要的調(diào)控作用。本文通過同源克隆與RACERAPIDAMPLIFICATIONOFCDNAENDS技術(shù)獲得了美洲鰣魚3種GNRH全長(zhǎng)CDNA,通過生物軟件進(jìn)行了分析,并利用實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR技術(shù)對(duì)這些基因在不同組織及繁殖時(shí)期表達(dá)進(jìn)行了研究(1)美洲鰣魚GNRH1的CDNA序列全長(zhǎng)為462BP,包括一個(gè)長(zhǎng)258BP的開放閱讀框F,一個(gè)150BP的5’非編碼區(qū),一個(gè)61BP的3’非編碼區(qū),一個(gè)終止密碼子TGA,共編碼86個(gè)氨基酸,其中信號(hào)肽長(zhǎng)為22個(gè)氨基酸,預(yù)測(cè)的蛋白分子量為952KD,等電點(diǎn)為680。(2)美洲鰣魚GNRH2的CDNA序列全長(zhǎng)為809BP,包括一個(gè)長(zhǎng)255BP的開放閱讀框F,一個(gè)224BP的5’非編碼區(qū),一個(gè)327BP的3’非編碼區(qū),一個(gè)終止密碼子TGA,共編碼85個(gè)氨基酸,其中信號(hào)肽長(zhǎng)為24個(gè)氨基酸,預(yù)測(cè)的蛋白分子量為982KD,等電點(diǎn)為866。(3)美洲鰣魚GNRH3的CDNA序列全長(zhǎng)為887BP,包括一個(gè)長(zhǎng)315BP的開放閱讀框F,一個(gè)111BP的5’非編碼區(qū),一個(gè)458BP的3’非編碼區(qū),一個(gè)終止密碼子TGA,共編碼105個(gè)氨基酸,其中信號(hào)肽長(zhǎng)為21個(gè)氨基酸,預(yù)測(cè)的蛋白分子量為1229KD,等電點(diǎn)為818。每一種GNRH都包括一個(gè)信號(hào)肽、一個(gè)GLYLYSARG連接序列和一個(gè)GNRH相關(guān)肽。分析比較了美洲鰣魚3種GNRH基因的氨基酸序列與其它脊椎動(dòng)物的同源性。系統(tǒng)進(jìn)化分析表明美洲鰣魚3種不同分子形式的GNRH分別歸屬于3個(gè)不同分支CGNRHII分支、SGNRH分支和魚類特異性GNRH分支如SBGNRHCFGNRH等。美洲鰣魚GNRH基因在腦中表達(dá)量最高且具有性別特異性表達(dá)模式,其中雌性腦中的GNRHMRNA表達(dá)水平高于雄性。在周期表達(dá)的研究中,GNRH1MRNA從11月到次年3月之間表達(dá)量呈上升趨勢(shì),在4月份時(shí)達(dá)到最大值,之后迅速下降并維持在較低水平;GNRH2MRNA在不同月份中的表達(dá)量,同樣是在3月和4月時(shí)GNRH2MRNA表達(dá)量處在較高的水平,之后迅速下降,并維持在較低的水平。然而,GNRH3MRNA表達(dá)水平在性腺發(fā)育過程中未呈現(xiàn)顯著的趨勢(shì)變化變化P005。關(guān)鍵詞促性腺激素釋放激素關(guān)鍵詞促性腺激素釋放激素,GNRH美洲鰣魚,美洲鰣魚,基因克隆基因克隆
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簡(jiǎn)介:集美大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文南方人工養(yǎng)殖史氏鱘大量死亡的病理學(xué)研究姓名王月娜申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖指導(dǎo)教師宋振榮20110614IITHEPATHOLOGYRESEARCHOFMASSMTALITYOFFARMEDACIPENSERSCHRENCKIIINSOUTHABSTRACTTHEPATHOLOGYRESEARCHOFMASSMTALITYOFFARMEDACIPENSERSCHRENCKIIINSOUTHABSTRACTSTURGEONWASINTRODUCEDTOCHINAMETHANABOUT10YEARSAGOINWHICHTHEDISEASEWASSIMPLEBECAUSETHEINTESTINESTRUCTURESTURGEONISSIMPLESOTHECOMMONDISEASEWASMAINLYENTERITISINALOWERINCIDENCECOMPAREDWITHTHEEARLYAQUACULTUREWITHALMOSTNOMBIDITYAFTERALONGTIMEOFCULTUREDUETOTHEDETERIATIONOFCULTUREENVIRONMENTBACTERIALDISEASESPROTOZOANDISEASESVIRALDISEASESHAVEBEENFOUNDINEACHPROCESSOFSTURGEONAQUACULTURESUCHASEYEDEGGSHATCHINGFRYREARINGCOMMERCIALFISHFARMINGNOWITISMELIKELYTOBURSTSOMECOMPREHENSIVEDISEASESTHATAREFATALINFECTIOUSDIFFICULTTOTREATMENTSOITSURGENTTOCOMBATDISEASESOFACIPENSERSCHRENCKIITHEDISEASEDFISHOFTHISPAPERISFROMONEARTIFICIALBREEDINGFARMINXIAMENINWHICHTHEREWEREALARGENUMBEROFDEATHOFACIPENSERSCHRENCKIIFROMTHESAMPLEDFISHTHEMAINSYMPTOMSCOULDBEFOUNDASABDOMINALWALLBLEEDINGITESENLARGEDSPLEENTHELIVERWASTENDEDTOFLOWERLIVERGRAYLIVERTHEKIDNEYSWERESEVERESWELLINGTHEREWERELOTSOFWHITESPOTSTHEPATHOLOGICALCHANGESWEREFOUNDSUCHASALARGENUMBEROFEOSINOPHILICBLOODCELLSINTHESPLEENTHEREWERELIVERCELLSWITHLOOSEDENSECYTOPLASMOFHEPATOCYTESALSONECROSISOFLIVERCELLSTHENTHENUCLEOLUSOFURINARYTUBULEEPITHELIALATROPHYDEFMEDNECROSISCAMEOFFTHEREWEREALSOALARGENUMBEROFEOSINOPHILICLEUCOCYTEINRENALINTERSTITIUMVOLUMEEXPANSIONONGLOMERULARWITHSTERILECONDITIONSTHELIVERKIDNEYSPLEENOTHERLESIONSWERETOOKFROMDISEASEDFISHSTREAKINOCULATIONWEREMADEINTHEDINARYNUTRIENTMEDIUMPLATESWITHTHEINOCULATIONNEEDLESTHENTHEYWERECULTIVATEDF2024HOURSAT37℃CONSTANTTHENTHECOLONYOFDOMINANTBACTERIAWASISOLATEDAGAINWHICHWERECULTUREDTILLPUREBREDTHENTHEPUREBREDWASSTEDINTHESLANTMEDIUMWASHINGTHEISOLATEDBACTERIALSTRAINWHICHHAVEBEENCULTUREDF20HOURSWITHSTERILESALINEMADEITINTOBACTERIALSUSPENSIONWITHCONCENTRATIONOF30108THENINJECTED03MLOFBACTERIALSUSPENSIONTOTHEBASEMUSCLEOFDSALFINOFHEALTHYACIPENSERSCHRENCKIIWHILECONTROLGROUPWEREINJECTED02MLOFSTERILESALINETHENOBSERVEDTHEDISEASESYMPTOMSDEATHTHEDISEASEDFISHWITHTYPICALSYMPTOMSAFTERARTIFICIALINFECTIONWEREPICKEDUPTOREINFECTIONUSINGTHEBACTERIALSUSPENSIONTHATHAVEBEEN
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簡(jiǎn)介:77137S槿旦大擎學(xué)校代碼10246學(xué)號(hào)012014015_≈’碩士學(xué)位論文熊蟲幡’“美蝴一.齲街學(xué)術(shù)史考察院系所專業(yè)姓名歷史學(xué)系中國(guó)古代史張攀指導(dǎo)教師韓舁教授完成日期2004年11月25日登藏辮棗J習(xí)金定公布,’ABSTRACTTHETHEORYOF‘THEGUANLONGCLIQUE’ISTHEMOSTIMPORTANTEXPLANATIONSYSTEMABOUTTHEPOLITICALSITUATIONINTHESUIANDTANGDYNASTIES.IMPERFECTOFTHEORYSYSTEMONESELFANDTHECRITICISMFORMOBJECTORBASEDONTHESTUAYABOUTHISTORYMATERIALBOTHIMPROVEDTHATTHISTHEORYISASYSTEMABOUTSTANDPOINT.NEPAPERBASEDONTHISPOINT,TRYTOUNDERSTANDTHISIMPORTANTCHARACTEROFCHENYINQUE’S“THEGUANLONGCLIQUE’’ANDTALKABOUTOTHERHISTORIAN’SACHIEVEMENT.ANDTRYTOIMPROVETHEPOINTTHATCHENYINQUE’S“THEGUANLONGCLIQUE’ISSERVEDFORANIMPORTANTTHEORYINCHINESEMEDIEVALHISTORY.WHICHMEANSTHATTHETANGDYNASTYISTHETURNINGPOINTINTHEPERIODFROMTHESOUTHANDNORTHDYNASTYTOTHESONGDYNASTY.KEYWORDCHERTYMQUE;THETHEORYOF‘THEGUANLONGCLIQUE’;THETURNINGPOINTINTHEPERIODFROMTHESOUTHANDNORTHDYNASTYTOTHESONGDYNASTY3
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簡(jiǎn)介:華東政法學(xué)院博士學(xué)位論文法社會(huì)學(xué)在中國(guó)一個(gè)學(xué)說史的反思姓名湯唯申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別博士專業(yè)法史學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師何勤華20050415第一部分原汁主義西方法社會(huì)學(xué)的歷史源流與思想特征。這一部分是論文的基礎(chǔ)或基于,主要包括兩大論題。一是揭示了西方法社會(huì)學(xué)的形成發(fā)展過程,將西方法社會(huì)學(xué)分為孕育、初創(chuàng)、發(fā)展、成熟四個(gè)時(shí)期,其中介紹了法社會(huì)學(xué)主要代表人物耶林、契克、狄驥、杜爾凱姆、埃利希、韋伯、龐德、霍姆斯等人的觀點(diǎn)和貢獻(xiàn)。二是概述西方法社會(huì)學(xué)的基本原理,包括法社會(huì)學(xué)的法概念、法關(guān)系、I杰功能、法價(jià)值以及法學(xué)研究方法論。第二部分西學(xué)東進(jìn)法社會(huì)學(xué)在中國(guó)的傳播影響與演化歷程。這一部分是法社會(huì)學(xué)在中國(guó)發(fā)展的縱向歷史輪廓。本文將法社會(huì)學(xué)在中國(guó)的傳播劃分為三大時(shí)期。一是奠基時(shí)期,主要是民國(guó)時(shí)代,當(dāng)時(shí)的法學(xué)家掀起了第一次研究法社會(huì)學(xué)的熱潮;二是中斷時(shí)期,主要是20世紀(jì)50.80年代,是西方法社會(huì)學(xué)被批判、馬克思主義法社會(huì)學(xué)占據(jù)意識(shí)形態(tài)主導(dǎo)地位的時(shí)段;三是發(fā)展時(shí)期,主要是20世紀(jì)80年代以來,法社會(huì)學(xué)研究在中國(guó)東山再起、形成熱勢(shì)。第三部分中國(guó)問題法社會(huì)學(xué)的特色論題與特色原理。這一部分是本文的核心、重點(diǎn)、獨(dú)特部分??偨Y(jié)了中國(guó)目前所涉及的法社會(huì)學(xué)主要研究領(lǐng)域,包括法哲學(xué)的五大理論命題,即中國(guó)的法哲學(xué)基本范疇問題;中國(guó)的民間法與習(xí)慣法問題;中國(guó)的法律文化及法治建構(gòu)問題{中國(guó)的市民社會(huì)與政治國(guó)家問題;中國(guó)的法律運(yùn)行與部門法問題。應(yīng)該說,本文所承擔(dān)的主要使命,就是從法社會(huì)學(xué)的基本原理出發(fā),論辨這些“中國(guó)特色”的法學(xué)熱點(diǎn)、焦點(diǎn)論題。第四部分說長(zhǎng)論短對(duì)中國(guó)法社會(huì)學(xué)原理的基本定位與基本評(píng)價(jià)。這一部分是本文的結(jié)論部分或評(píng)價(jià)部分,也是難度最大的章節(jié)。本文以“路是寬的”、“道是窄的”、“渴望創(chuàng)新”為題,從優(yōu)勢(shì)、缺陷、趨向三大方面分析了法社會(huì)學(xué)原理的利弊與前景,并對(duì)中國(guó)法學(xué)流派的成長(zhǎng)寄予了期望,提出了創(chuàng)建中國(guó)法學(xué)流派主客觀條件的指標(biāo)體系。雖然,這類探索不過是“微人輕言”,但對(duì)于中國(guó)法學(xué)研究與法學(xué)流派的養(yǎng)成具有一定的啟示意義和參閱價(jià)值??傮w而言,在社會(huì)實(shí)踐和法學(xué)興盛的時(shí)代潮流推動(dòng)下。法社會(huì)學(xué)在中國(guó)成長(zhǎng)起來,堪稱南京國(guó)民政府時(shí)期與當(dāng)代中國(guó)法學(xué)界的~股強(qiáng)大思潮。這種思潮,以“活法”、“民間法”、“自發(fā)秩序”、“社會(huì)規(guī)則”、“社會(huì)控制”、“法律操作”、“法律實(shí)效”等觀念為核心,影響著現(xiàn)代法哲學(xué)、法史學(xué)研究,成為觀察中國(guó)法學(xué)發(fā)展脈絡(luò)的一條路徑。本文的主旨,正在于從法社會(huì)學(xué)流派的洞察之中,架起一座西方法學(xué)通向中國(guó)法學(xué)、傳統(tǒng)法學(xué)通向現(xiàn)代法學(xué)、理論法學(xué)通向社會(huì)實(shí)踐的橋梁。2
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簡(jiǎn)介:Y97主毒07分類號(hào)UDC密綴編號(hào)函盎盞疊KB函,1RIJM潸NOR碑觚期|LLVE翱爨職,碩士研究生學(xué)往玲J文奠,一/V,、論文題目16世紀(jì)中N日關(guān)系史述論學(xué)院壓寶寶趟壁堂睦≤耋≮一籬耋≥。專業(yè)名稱史國(guó)宣鐾室。毒≮≥;≥謄二蘭噼壽氰J虻T霉囊荽;;≥善研究生姓每毒疊獒姜霎警警毒辮瞧嘲霉垂Q安T,毫順尊蜒目睜蛺鬻鹺疊凈O“,銣日鱸臻,5月L目I’一一ABSTRACTINRELATIONHISTORYBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANTHEMINGDYNASTYWASANIMPORTANTPERIODDURINGSUCHPERIODTHEPROTEANRELATIONBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANMAKEDEEPDIFFERENCEONTHEHISTORYPROGRESSBETWEENCHINAANDJAPAN,EVENUPONTHATOFEASTASIAANDTOTALWORLD’SSITUATIONBASEDONPRECEDENTINTERRELATEDRESEARCHES,THEHISTORYRELATIONBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANIN16THCENTURYHASBEENCONCENTRATEDFORSOMELUCUBRATIONINTHISPAPERHOPINGTOOPENOUTSOMEBASICCHARACTERISTICSABOUTSUCHSPECIALRELATIONHISTORYPERIODANDTOSUMMARIZEITSEXPERIENCEANDSOMEHISTORYRULESWHICHHADEFFECTEDTHEPROGRESSOFHISTORYRELATIONBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANTHEPAPER’SMAINCONTENTSFOLLOWASINTHEFIRSTPARTTHERELATIONBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANDURINGHONGWUPERIODANDTHEDIPLOMATICPOLICYESTABLISHMENTOFBEFRIENDINGNEIGHBORCOUNTRYOFJAPANBYZHUYUANZHANGHAVEBEENDISCUSSED,ANDTHEBASICPATTERNFORMINGOFFOREIGNPOLICYBELONGEDTOTHEMINGDYNASTYHASALSOBEENANALYZEDINTHESECONDPARTTHEPAYTRIBUTETRADEBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANIN16THCENTURYHASBEENDISCUSSEDFORTHECAUSESONWHYTHEPAYTRIBUTETRADEBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANINMINGDYNASTYHADBEENENDEDUPSUCHASNATIONALPOWERDECAYINGANDCONFUSIONOFPAYTRIBUTETRADEITSELFTHETHIRDPARTHASTREATEDQUESTIONSABOUTOLDJAPANESEBANDITS,ANDANALYZEDREASONSFOROLDJAPANESEBANDITS’FLOODINGANDITSEFFECTSUPONTHEHISTORYRELATIONBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANINMINGDYNASTYINTHEFOURTHPARTTHEPROBLEMSOFFIGHTINGBANDITSANDAIDINGKOREAWARDURINGWANLIPERIODHAVEBEENFOCUSEDON,REACHINGTOITSCAUSESANDEFFECTS,ANDTHEPROBLEMSTHATMINGDYNASTYSHOWEDITSELFDURINGTHEWARTHENONGOVERNMENTALTRADEBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANIN16THCENTURYHASBEENSTUDIED,WHICHINVOLVEDTHEINHERENTDRIVESANDTHEHUGEEFFECTSUPONECONOMYANDCULTUREPROGRESSBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANTHEN
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