簡(jiǎn)介：在職攻讀法律碩士學(xué)位論文在職攻讀法律碩士學(xué)位論文試論中國(guó)古代廉政制度及其史鑒價(jià)值試論中國(guó)古代廉政制度及其史鑒價(jià)值導(dǎo)師曾代偉師曾代偉教授教授作者聶美焱者聶美焱中國(guó)重慶中國(guó)重慶二○○七年九月二○○七年九月產(chǎn)收入申報(bào)法，反貪污賄賂法，廉政法，公民舉報(bào)法以及其它法規(guī)；三是堅(jiān)持“舉賢任能、德才兼?zhèn)洹钡挠萌酥贫?，德才兼?zhèn)涫侨稳宋ㄙt的具體化，體現(xiàn)了任人唯賢的基本要求；四是建立科學(xué)的干部考核評(píng)價(jià)體系，抓緊建立符合科學(xué)發(fā)展觀要求的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展綜合評(píng)價(jià)體系和干部政績(jī)考核標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；五是加大對(duì)腐敗案件的查處力度，依法嚴(yán)懲腐敗官員，努力遏制腐敗蔓延的勢(shì)頭。關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵詞廉政內(nèi)容特點(diǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)啟示

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簡(jiǎn)介：Y9531‘4學(xué)校代碼10246學(xué)號(hào)022017046中國(guó)一拉丁美洲的關(guān)系拉丁美洲被迫爭(zhēng)取最大利益院系所國(guó)際關(guān)系與公共事務(wù)學(xué)院專姓業(yè)名國(guó)際政治塞沙拉指導(dǎo)教師唐賢興副教授完成日期2006年5月19日文擎論大位曰～攥飪士頤我認(rèn)為，如果那樣的話，拉丁美洲對(duì)中國(guó)會(huì)有全新的認(rèn)識(shí)，會(huì)越來(lái)越積極，越來(lái)越真實(shí)同時(shí)，拉丁美洲在雙方關(guān)系中所表現(xiàn)的真誠(chéng)和友善也為長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的合作奠定了結(jié)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。2

簡(jiǎn)介：浙江師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文關(guān)于中學(xué)歷史中科技史教學(xué)的探討姓名林毅申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)學(xué)科教學(xué)（歷史）指導(dǎo)教師桂棲鵬20071201史使命感和科學(xué)精神教育；同時(shí)在方法上多采用情景教學(xué)和比較教學(xué)，重塑歷史形象、提高歷史事件的信度，使學(xué)生在體驗(yàn)歷史和反思?xì)v史的過(guò)程中感受歷史、感受科技發(fā)明和應(yīng)用中體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的科學(xué)精神和人文精神。關(guān)鍵詞科技史，科學(xué)精神，人文精神，情境教學(xué)，比較教學(xué)II

簡(jiǎn)介：肝臟是人體重要的代謝器官，承擔(dān)各種營(yíng)養(yǎng)、藥物、毒素的代謝轉(zhuǎn)化的任務(wù)，因此對(duì)肝臟造成損害的因素可造成人體嚴(yán)重的損害。病毒、酒精、藥物、寄生蟲、自身免疫性、營(yíng)養(yǎng)代謝紊亂等多種因素均可以造成肝臟急性或者慢性的損傷，其中以免疫性損傷最為常見(jiàn)及復(fù)雜。在急性免疫性炎癥反應(yīng)后，容易繼發(fā)反復(fù)慢性炎癥反應(yīng)，逐漸使肝臟逐漸喪失正常的組織結(jié)構(gòu)，損傷肝臟正常的生理生化功能，極大的增加了肝硬化、肝癌的發(fā)生機(jī)率。因此針對(duì)急性期免疫性肝臟損傷的發(fā)病機(jī)制及藥物開發(fā)始終是基礎(chǔ)及臨床醫(yī)學(xué)研究的重點(diǎn)及熱點(diǎn)。我國(guó)有悠久的中醫(yī)中藥治療肝病的歷史，從中草藥寶庫(kù)中尋找能治療免疫性肝損傷的藥物具有重要的臨床意義。目的比較美洲大蠊及其不同提取物對(duì)刀豆蛋白A（CONA致小鼠急性免疫性肝損傷時(shí)肝臟功能的保護(hù)作用，初步鑒定不同提取物的一般理化成分，探討其藥物活性部位及作用機(jī)理。方法1將美洲大蠊原蟲按照不同方法制備出相應(yīng)提取物，初步測(cè)定及推測(cè)其可能含有的化學(xué)成分。2將實(shí)驗(yàn)小鼠隨機(jī)分為正常對(duì)照組、模型組、蟲粉混懸100MGKG、200MGKG組、醇提取100MGKG、200MGKG組、水提取100MGKG、200MGKG組、醇水雙體取100MGKG、200MGKG組、聯(lián)苯雙酯對(duì)照組（200MGKG）組。給予小鼠美洲大蠊原蟲粉及其不同提取物灌胃，每天一次。10D后，予尾靜脈注射CONA20MGKG制備急性免疫性肝損傷模型。造模結(jié)束后，小鼠禁食不禁飲8H后稱取體重，眼球取血測(cè)定血清中丙氨酸氨基轉(zhuǎn)移酶（ALT、門冬氨酸氨基轉(zhuǎn)移酶（AST活性；處死小鼠取出肝臟和脾臟稱重，計(jì)算肝脾指數(shù)；制備肝臟勻漿，測(cè)定超氧化物歧化酶（SOD、谷胱甘肽過(guò)氧化物酶GSHPX活性及丙二醛（MDA、干擾素Γ（IFNΓ）和腫瘤壞死因子ΑTNFΑ的含量；另取部分肝臟組織制備HE染色切片進(jìn)行病理學(xué)觀察。結(jié)果美洲大蠊及其提取物中含有氨基酸、蛋白多肽類、糖類及有機(jī)酸類物質(zhì)。與模型組比較，給藥組均有降低CONA致小鼠急性免疫性肝損傷肝脾指數(shù)（P＜001，P＜005、降低血清中ALT、AST活性P＜001，P＜005和肝臟組織中MDA的活性及IFNΓ、TNFΑ因子的含量P＜001，P＜005升高肝臟組織中SOD和GSH的活性P＜001，P＜005減輕小鼠肝臟病理?yè)p傷。結(jié)論美洲大蠊及其提取物對(duì)CONA引起的小鼠急性免疫性肝損傷具有一定保護(hù)作用；美洲大蠊及其提取物存在藥效差別，蟲粉混懸組和水提取物組作用優(yōu)于其醇提取組和醇水雙提取組。

簡(jiǎn)介：東北大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文在政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)的陰影下18481965美國(guó)華人移民入籍史姓名楊大偉申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)外國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師劉卓20070101東』匕大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTUNDERTHESHADESOFECONOMYANDPOLITICSNATURALIZATIONOFCHINESEIMMIGRANTSINTHEUNITEDSTATES18481965ABSTRACTMUNITEDSTATESISACOUNTRYMADEUPOFIMMIGRANTSFROMALLOVERTHEWORLDMCHINESEPEOPLEALEONEOFTHELARGEGROUPSOFIMMIGRANTSLARGESCALEIMMIGRATIONFROMCHINATOTHEUNITEDSTATESBEGANINTHELATE1840SWHENGOLDWASFOUNDINCALIFOMIACHINESEIMMIGRATIONTOAMERICAHASLASTEDFORMORETHANL50YEARSSINCETHENNLECHINESEIMMIGRATIONHISTORYWASFULLOFHARDSHIPANDSTRUGGLEAFTERTHESHORTINITIALWELCOME，CHINESEIMMIGRANTSRECEIVEDRESTRICTIONEXCLUSIONANDFORBIDDANCEACCOMPANIEDWITHTHEIMMIGRATION。CHINESENATURALIZATIONBEGANN塘NATURALIZATIONHISTORYOFCHINESEIMMIGRANTSINTHEUNITEDSTATESWITNESSEDDRASTICCULTURALCONFLICTS，POLITICALEXCLUSION，ANDASERIESOFSOCIALANDECONOMICALINEQUALITYN忙STUDYONCHINESEAMERICANSBEGANTOATTRACTMOREANDMORESCHOLARS’ATTENTIONFROMTHEEARLY1980SMANYWORKSONCHINESEIMMIGRATIONHASBEENPUBLISHEDHOWEVERCHINESENATURALIZATIONWASNOTATTACHEDGREATIMPORTANCETHISTHESISAIMSTO1DOACOMPARATIVELYCOMPREHENSIVEANDSYSTEMATICSTUDYONTHENATURALIZATIONHISTORYOFCHINESEIMMIGRANTSINUSDURINGTHE150YEARS，ESPECIALLYTHEPERIODFROM1848TO1965，ANDMAKEANANALYSISANDSYNTHESIS；2PUTEMPHASISONTHEECONOMICANDPOLITICALFACTORSANDTHECONTRADICTIONBETWEENTHEMITWILLBEEASIERTOSTUDYTHECHINESENATURALIZATIONLLI吼ORYINTHEUNITEDSTATESALONGWITHTHECHINESEIMMIGRATIONHISTORYAXISDURINGTHEFREEIMMIGRATIONPERIODWITHTHEINCREASEOFCLLINESEIMMIGRATIONCHINESENATURALIZATIONEASESINCREASEDINTHEUNITEDSTATES，ALTHOUGHTHENATURALIZATIONRIGHTWASLIMITEDONLYTO“FREEWHITEPERSONS’’WHENCHINESEIMMIGRATIONWASFORBIDDEN，CHINESENATURALIZATIONDIDNOTSTOPAFTER1943CHINESENATURALIZATIONW私LEGALIZEDFORTHEFIRATIMEINTHEHISTORYCHINESEIMMIGRANTSREALIZEDTHATONLYCITIZENSCANINFLUENCETHELAWCHINESEIMMIGRANTSHADNOCITIZENSHIPTHEREFORE，THELAWWILLNOTPREVENTADVERSEINTRODUCEDTOTHECHINESE，NOTBEEFFECTIVETOPROTECTTHEMSELVESNATURALIZATIONWASREGARDEDASAGOODWAYFORCHINESETOPROTECTTHEIRRIGHTSANDFIGHTAGAINSTTHEDISCRIMINATORYLAWSCHINESENATURALIZATIONRECEIVEDINFLUENCESFROMECONOMYPOLITICS，LAWS，ANDSEINEOTHERFACTORSVARIOUSIMMIGRATIONANDNATURALIZATIONLAWSDIRECTLYAFFECTEDCHINESENATURALIZATIONBUTWHATWASBEHINDTHOSELEGALDOCUMENTSAREECONOMICANDPOLITICALENVIRONMENTWHICHPLAYEDTHEDECISIVEROLEINNATURALIZATIONISSUEKEYWORDSIMMIGRATION；NATURALIZATION；ECONOMY；POLITICS一Ⅱ一

簡(jiǎn)介：華中師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文童子軍在中國(guó)中國(guó)近現(xiàn)代童子軍興衰史的初步考察姓名王晉麗申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)教育史指導(dǎo)教師周洪宇20060501

簡(jiǎn)介：西南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文論作為一般侵權(quán)前理解的范式理解歐陸200年一般侵權(quán)法演進(jìn)史之哲學(xué)考察姓名陳慶申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)民商法學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師周安平20070401兩南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文摘要獲得個(gè)案中的一般侵權(quán)理解之前，法官要受到所在國(guó)家源自生活形式井通過(guò)法律概念形式獲得規(guī)定的作為前理解的范式理解的支配，這種范式理解在本文看來(lái)就是對(duì)上述三個(gè)問(wèn)題的回答即兩個(gè)法源的地位對(duì)比問(wèn)題、兩個(gè)視域的優(yōu)先性問(wèn)題與法官判斷權(quán)力的大小阿題通過(guò)對(duì)歐陸200年一般侵權(quán)法演進(jìn)史的哲學(xué)考察，我概括出了三種作為一般侵權(quán)前理解的范式理解。進(jìn)而，本文提出。法律真理”的“參與性理想”問(wèn)題在我看來(lái)，問(wèn)題不在于我們是否認(rèn)識(shí)到“法律真理”而在于我們是否參與了“法律真理”，我們是否走在。法律真理”的途中【關(guān)鍵詞】一般侵權(quán)哲學(xué)詮釋學(xué)法律真理前理解范式理解

簡(jiǎn)介：目的初步優(yōu)選美洲大蠊多肽提取物的提取方法、多肽含量測(cè)定方法，深入研究美洲大蠊多肽提取物的體內(nèi)抗腫瘤作用及體外對(duì)腫瘤細(xì)胞增殖及凋亡的影響，旨在為美洲大蠊用于惡性腫瘤的治療提供科學(xué)的實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)，同時(shí)可為從天然藥物中提取低毒高效的抗腫瘤活性部位提供新方向。方法（1）制備工藝研究采用超聲法、滲濾法、加熱回流法三種方法提取美洲大蠊多肽，同時(shí)采用福林酚法和雙縮脲法兩種方法測(cè)定美洲大蠊多肽提取物中的多肽含量，比較三種提取方法和兩種測(cè)定方法的結(jié)果從而初步優(yōu)選美洲大蠊多肽提取物的提取方法及多肽測(cè)定方法。（2）體內(nèi)抗腫瘤活性評(píng)價(jià)建立小鼠肝癌H22和小鼠肉瘤S180的移植性腫瘤模型，檢測(cè)美洲大蠊多肽提取物對(duì)腫瘤生長(zhǎng)的影響。觀察小鼠的活動(dòng)情況及體重變化，評(píng)價(jià)美洲大蠊多肽提取物的體內(nèi)抗腫瘤活性。（3）體外對(duì)腫瘤細(xì)胞增殖及凋亡的影響以A549（人肺腺癌細(xì)胞株）、SGC7901（人胃癌細(xì)胞株）和HELA（人宮頸癌細(xì)胞株）為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象，經(jīng)不同濃度的美洲大蠊多肽提取物作用48H后，采用CELLCOUNTINGKITCCK8WST8試劑盒測(cè)定對(duì)腫瘤細(xì)胞增殖的抑制作用。美洲大蠊多肽提取物對(duì)A549細(xì)胞凋亡的影響采用HOECHST33258熒光染色及流式細(xì)胞儀ANNEXINVPI雙染法進(jìn)行檢測(cè)。結(jié)果（1）加熱回流法提取的美洲大蠊多肽含量為3418％和3005，超聲法為2563和2019，滲濾法為2874和2490，加熱回流法對(duì)美洲大蠊多肽的提取明顯優(yōu)于超聲法和滲濾法。雙縮脲法測(cè)定美洲大蠊多肽提取物中的多肽含量為2563、2874、3418，福林酚法為2019、2490、3005，通過(guò)兩種方法的比較，雙縮脲法對(duì)多肽測(cè)定存在高效性，明顯優(yōu)于福林酚法。（2）美洲大蠊多肽提取物25MGKG、50MGKG、100MGKG（以多肽濃度計(jì)算）對(duì)H22實(shí)體瘤生長(zhǎng)的抑瘤率分別為2377、3583、6563；對(duì)S180實(shí)體瘤生長(zhǎng)的抑瘤率分別為2016、3527、5736，明顯抑制S180和H22荷瘤小鼠腫瘤的生長(zhǎng)。（3）美洲大蠊多肽提取物能明顯抑制A549細(xì)胞的增殖，隨濃度的增加，抑制作用增強(qiáng)，其IC50為5465±173ΜGML，但對(duì)SCG7901、HELA細(xì)胞作用不強(qiáng)，因此僅采用A549細(xì)胞進(jìn)行后續(xù)研究。美洲大蠊多肽提取物作用于A549細(xì)胞48H后，HOECHST33258熒光染色顯示不同濃度的美洲大蠊多肽提取物干預(yù)后可見(jiàn)核濃縮致密的強(qiáng)熒光團(tuán)塊及核碎裂等細(xì)胞凋亡形態(tài)學(xué)改變，且呈現(xiàn)出一定的量效關(guān)系，而陰性對(duì)照組成彌散均勻的淡藍(lán)色弱熒光。ANNEXINVPI雙染法檢測(cè)顯示10、20、40、80、160ΜGML（以多肽濃度計(jì)算）的美洲大蠊多肽提取物均可誘導(dǎo)A549細(xì)胞凋亡，凋亡率分別為2043±153486±201D68±184S19±153和6557±214與陰性對(duì)照組比較，差異有顯著性（P＜001）。結(jié)論美洲大蠊多肽提取物最佳的提取方法是加熱回流法，多肽含量測(cè)定以雙縮脲法最優(yōu)；美洲大蠊多肽提取物能明顯抑制S180和H22荷瘤小鼠腫瘤的生長(zhǎng)，具有較強(qiáng)的體內(nèi)抗腫瘤活性；美洲大蠊多肽提取物能誘導(dǎo)A549細(xì)胞凋亡，抑制其增殖。

簡(jiǎn)介：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文新理念下初一中國(guó)古代史分層教學(xué)研究以民族政權(quán)并立的時(shí)代一課為例姓名王菲申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)學(xué)科教學(xué)（歷史）指導(dǎo)教師李斯琴20090430內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTNEWCURRICULUMREFORMTOADVOCATEWITHTHEEFFECTIVENESSOFCLASSROOMTEACHING，BUTINREALITYNOTBEOPTIMISTICABOUTTHEEFFECTIVENESSOFTEACHING，CLASSROOMTEACHING，THEREARESERIOUSPROBLEMSAFFECTINGTHEEFFECTIVENESSOFTHECLASSROOM，ANDINTHEDECLINEINLEARNINGABILITYOFSTUDENTSANDSTUDENTSOFUNEVENDEVELOPMENTONTHEOTHERHAND，MODEMEDUCATIONHASGRADUALLYDIVERSIFIEDDEVELOPMENT，GIVEFULLPLAYTOTHEEDUCATIONALNEEDSOFTHEHUMANPERSONALITYAUTONOMYDIVERSITYANDTHEREFORESTUDENTSCANNOTBECONFINEDORLIMITEDTODISREGARDTHEHUMANPERSONALITYINITIATIVE，ANDTHEDIFFERENCEOFTHESAMETEACHINGMODELUNDERINSUCHCASESTHEAUTHORINTEACHINGTHEONGOINGTEACHINGANDRESEARCHANDREFORM，INOTHERSTHEBASISOFRESEARCHRESULTS，TOCHOOSETEACHINGASSTRATIFIEDSTUDYEXPLOREDIFFERENTAVENUESTOEXPLOREINTHISPAPERFIRSTOFALL，THEMACROLEVELANALYSISOFTHEIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEGENERALCONCEPT‘OFSTRATIFICATIONOFTEACHING，ANDTHENTHE”ERAOFNATIONALPOLITICALPOWEREXISTSIDEBYSIDEONECLASS，F(xiàn)OREXAMPLEONSPECIFICMICROECONOMICANALYSIS，THECONTENTSINCLUDEFIRST，PRECLASSPREPARATIONTHEAUTHOROFTHETEACHINGOBJECTIVES，THEFOCUSANDDIFFICULT，THEANALYSISOFSPECIFICMATERIALS，WHICHISTHEKEYLINKLATER