印度的金融服務(wù)貿(mào)易外文翻譯（節(jié)選）

1、<p>　　中文3180字，1800單詞，1萬英文字符</p><p>　　出處：Shafi S M. INDIA'S TRADE IN FINANCIAL SERVICES: A DECADAL STUDY[J]. Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review (Oman Chapter), 2014, 3(9): 31-45.</p

2、><p>　　INDIA'S TRADE IN FINANCIAL SERVICES:A DECADAL STUDY</p><p>　　Dr. S. M. Shafi</p><p><b>　　Abstract</b></p><p>　　Financial Services are defined as a b

3、undle of intangible utilities aimed at satisfying the needs of users. Financial Services bridges the gap between savers and those who need funds. The service sector in India has been witnessing a boom in recent times. In

4、 addition to the strong growth in ITES, the Indian financial services sector is considered to be stable and progressive, and has been a major beneficiary of India's growth story. The growing attractiveness of the fin

5、ancial services has trigger</p><p>　　Keywords: Financial services, Economic growth, CAGR, Foreign trade.</p><p>　　Introduction:</p><p>　　India is among the fast growing economies of

6、 world and services sector has been a major contributor to India's GDP and growth. India's trade in services has increased overtime and services account for the largest share in India's FDI inflows and outflo

7、ws. Unlike other countries, where economic growth has led to a shift from agriculture to industries, in India there has been a shift from agriculture to the services sector. In fact, today, services sector in India repre

8、sents an essential component</p><p>　　Statement of the problem:</p><p>　　India is mainly an importer of financial services, mainly through the mode of commercial presence. Thus, most of the cons

9、traints to India's trade in financial services are in terms of domestic policies that limit foreign participation in this sector and also regulate operations by foreign entities in this sector, i.e., market access an

10、d national treatment barriers. The most important market access restriction in India's financial services sector is in the form of FDI ceilings/prohibitions and th</p><p>　　Objectives:</p><p&g

11、t;　　1. To assess the current status of India's foreign trade in services especially financial services.</p><p>　　2. To suggest the measures and policies towards increasing India's share in financial

12、services.</p><p>　　India's Services Trade:</p><p>　　India's services trade comprises of India's Services' exports and India's services imports. The detail description of thes

13、e is given in the following pages:</p><p>　　India's Services Exports：</p><p>　　India's services export growth has been faster than that of merchandise exports with the export of services

14、 growing at a CAGR of 23.6 per cent during 2001-2 to 2011-12, while merchandise exports grew at a CAGR of 21.4 per cent during the same period.</p><p>　　India's Services Imports：</p><p>　　In

15、dia's services imports have been growing at the CAGR of 18.9 percent during 2001-02 to 2011-12.</p><p>　　Composition of India's Services Exports:</p><p>　　India's emerging services t

16、rade sectors are no more traditional sectors like transport, travel and tourism services. It is financial services, information and communication technology services presently dominating India's services export baske

17、t.</p><p>　　Composition of India's Services Imports:</p><p>　　Growth in India's services imports was equally high particularly from 2000/01 to 2005/06, which was mostly driven by communi

18、cation, construction and insurance services. Even though the decline in transport services imports was quite steep, transport and travel services together still share about one third of the country's services imports

19、.</p><p>　　RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS:</p><p>　　The following results are summarized:</p><p>　　* Looking back at the first decade of 21st century i.e.,2000-2010, we believe that this d

20、ecade indeed can be called as -India's Decade of Development.</p><p>　　* In the last decade, the share of services has surpassed the combined share of agriculture and industry making it the most importan

21、t contributor to the country's output.</p><p>　　* The research paper makes it clear enough to mark Indian economy as the service economy. Although there are other emerging economies where the share of se

22、rvices in GDP exceeds the share of manufacturing, but India stands out for the size and dynamism of its service sector.</p><p>　　* There are variations in growth and performance of different sub-sectors of s

23、ervices. Services such as IT, telecommunication and financing services have contributed to the high growth of the services sector. Even during the global slowdown, the services sector remained resilient to external shock

24、s Trade in services has been growing rapidly in the past 2 decades(1990-2010).India's services exports not only grew more rapidly than the country's merchandise exports but it also grew faster than glob</p>

25、<p>　　* India's rank in financial services exports stood at </p><p>　　* The financial services sector plays a critical role in every modern economy. The financial services sector in India has emer

26、ged as a mature and sophisticated system which is inherently strong, functionally diverse and displays efficiency and flexibility.</p><p>　　* It may be concluded from the above discussion that India's po

27、tential for services economy is matchless as there is burgeoning middle class with enhanced aspirations and changing consumption patterns. The services led Indian economy will definitely propel into higher trajectory in

28、near future.</p><p><b>　　譯文</b></p><p>　　印度的金融服務(wù)貿(mào)易十年的研究經(jīng)驗</p><p><b>　　摘要</b></p><p>　　金融服務(wù)被定義為旨在滿足用戶需求的一束無形工具。儲戶和那些需要資金者之間的差距由金融服務(wù)連接起來。近年來我們目睹了印

29、度服務(wù)業(yè)的繁榮景象。除了信息技術(shù)服務(wù)的強(qiáng)勁增長，印度金融服務(wù)行業(yè)也被認(rèn)為是穩(wěn)定和進(jìn)步的,而且一直是印度發(fā)展中的主要受益者。金融服務(wù)的吸引力越來越強(qiáng),引發(fā)了全球關(guān)注。企業(yè)激進(jìn)的計劃加上新市場主體的進(jìn)入將進(jìn)一步推動行業(yè)的發(fā)展。自由化、私有化和全球化進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)了印度的金融服務(wù)。印度的金融服務(wù)業(yè)作為一個成熟和復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn),它在本質(zhì)上是強(qiáng)大的,功能具有多樣化，并且顯示了效率和靈活性。這個行業(yè)未來的更加鞏固、成熟和完備也不斷地顯現(xiàn)出來。相比其他發(fā)

30、達(dá)市場,印度金融服務(wù)行業(yè)在很大程度上具有巨大的增長潛力，政府對自由化的推動和不斷上升的收入,增加了人們對金融產(chǎn)品的認(rèn)識,以及股票市場的強(qiáng)勁增長。印度金融服務(wù)業(yè)為全球投資者提供了非常具有前景的投資。本文的目的是研究印度從2000年- 2010年金融服務(wù)業(yè)的貿(mào)易。試圖通過統(tǒng)計方法如復(fù)合年增長率提出十年間金融服務(wù)的貿(mào)易模式。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞:金融服務(wù)，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，復(fù)合年增長率，對外貿(mào)易</p>

31、<p><b>　　引言</b></p><p>　　印度是世界上一個快速增長的經(jīng)濟(jì)體，服務(wù)業(yè)一直是印度GDP增長和發(fā)展的主要因素。印度的服務(wù)貿(mào)易超速發(fā)展，其中服務(wù)在印度的外商直接投資流入和流出中占據(jù)最大份額。與其他國家不同,印度的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長使農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)化為工業(yè),從農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)向服務(wù)業(yè)。事實上,今天,服務(wù)業(yè)在印度代表競爭力的一個重要組成部分,其知識經(jīng)濟(jì)占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的57.2%。雖然有許多其他

32、的新興市場,服務(wù)業(yè)在GDP中所占的比重超過了制造業(yè),印度服務(wù)業(yè)的規(guī)模和活力日益凸現(xiàn)出來。近年來，我們見證了印度服務(wù)業(yè)的繁榮發(fā)展。除了信息技術(shù)服務(wù)的強(qiáng)勁增長，印度金融服務(wù)行業(yè)也被認(rèn)為是穩(wěn)定和進(jìn)步的,而且一直是印度發(fā)展中的主要受益者。金融服務(wù)的吸引力越來越強(qiáng),引發(fā)了全球關(guān)注。企業(yè)激進(jìn)的計劃加上新市場主體的進(jìn)入將進(jìn)一步推動行業(yè)的發(fā)展。金融服務(wù)業(yè)是由用戶、金融服務(wù)提供者和監(jiān)管他們的政府機(jī)構(gòu)組成。金融服務(wù)可分為兩類,即基于基金的活動和非基金活動。

33、基于基金的活動是指那些有資金參與承銷、投資組合管理、風(fēng)險投資、私募股權(quán)、結(jié)構(gòu)性融資等活動。非基金基礎(chǔ)金融服務(wù)是指提供一些關(guān)于知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的使用和建議。在服務(wù)中收取一定的費或傭金。金融服務(wù)被定義為旨在滿足用戶的需求一束無形工具。這些機(jī)構(gòu)</p><p>　　印度是主要的金融服務(wù)進(jìn)口商,主要通過商業(yè)模式存在。因此, 印度金融服務(wù)貿(mào)易的大多數(shù)約束來自國內(nèi)政策,限制外資參與這個領(lǐng)域并由這個行業(yè)的外國實體規(guī)范其操作,即市場準(zhǔn)入

34、、國民待遇的障礙。印度金融服務(wù)業(yè)最重要的市場準(zhǔn)入限制是外商直接投資的形式，禁止外國商業(yè)存在的類型以及法律實體允許的形式,這些限制了外國投資者的入境空間。限制印度金融服務(wù)出口的外部因素主要是審慎監(jiān)管的形式,如最低資本金要求、互惠需求,即授權(quán)開始操作東道國的金融機(jī)構(gòu), 為了保護(hù)個人隱私的存儲、加工與個人數(shù)據(jù)傳播，以經(jīng)濟(jì)需求測試的形式和當(dāng)?shù)厝藛T配備影響自然人在金融部門的活動形式存在。金融業(yè)是自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定的主要受益者之一。印度的金融服務(wù)業(yè)自由化

35、程度非常緩慢。大多數(shù)的印度銀行由國家所有,外資銀行進(jìn)入仍然受到高度管制。國有銀行控制著80%的銀行系統(tǒng)。在過去十年里，已經(jīng)對銀行業(yè)進(jìn)行了一系列的改革,包括公共部門銀行的重組。在印度的保險行業(yè),2000年之前,所有的保險公司都是政府所有,除了一些私營企業(yè)提供再保險和經(jīng)紀(jì)服務(wù)。政府壟斷在1999年結(jié)束,當(dāng)時印度議會通過了保險監(jiān)管發(fā)展機(jī)構(gòu)法。除了限制26%外國投資以外,還有一些限制條件如最低資本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)</p><p>&

36、lt;b>　　研究目標(biāo)：</b></p><p>　　1．評估印度對外貿(mào)易服務(wù)特別是金融服務(wù)的現(xiàn)狀。</p><p>　　2．提出相應(yīng)的建議措施和政策以增加印度金融服務(wù)的份額。</p><p><b>　　印度的服務(wù)貿(mào)易：</b></p><p>　　印度的服務(wù)貿(mào)易包括印度服務(wù)的出口和印度進(jìn)口的服務(wù)。一

37、些內(nèi)容將給出詳細(xì)的描述：</p><p><b>　　印度的出口服務(wù)：</b></p><p>　　印度的服務(wù)出口增長速度比商品出口的服務(wù)出口增長更快，在2001年2月到2011年12月的復(fù)合年增長率為23.6%，而商品出口同期增長的復(fù)合年增長率為21.4%。</p><p><b>　　印度的進(jìn)口服務(wù)：</b></

38、p><p>　　印度的服務(wù)進(jìn)口在2001年2月至2011年12月期間的復(fù)合年增長率增長了18.9%。</p><p>　　印度出口服務(wù)的組成：</p><p>　　印度的新興服務(wù)貿(mào)易行業(yè)不再是傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)如交通、旅游服務(wù)。而是金融服務(wù)、信息和通信技術(shù)服務(wù)。</p><p>　　印度進(jìn)口服務(wù)的組成：</p><p>　　印度的進(jìn)

39、口服務(wù)在2000/01到2005/06期間也同樣增長迅速,尤其是在通信、建筑和保險服務(wù)行業(yè)。盡管運輸服務(wù)進(jìn)口的下降很快,運輸和旅游服務(wù)業(yè)仍然在占國家進(jìn)口服務(wù)的三分之一。</p><p><b>　　結(jié)論與討論：</b></p><p><b>　　結(jié)論概括如下：</b></p><p>　　*回顧21世紀(jì)的第一個十年,從2

40、000 年到2010年,這十年確實可以稱為印迅速發(fā)展的十年。</p><p>　　*在過去的十年中,服務(wù)業(yè)的比例已經(jīng)超過了農(nóng)業(yè)和工業(yè)成為最重要的貢獻(xiàn)者。</p><p>　　*本文的研究結(jié)果表明印度經(jīng)濟(jì)可稱之為服務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)。雖然有其他新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體在GDP中所占比重超過了制造業(yè),但印度由于服務(wù)業(yè)的規(guī)模和活力脫穎而出。</p><p>　　*存在增長的變化和不同類別的服務(wù)性能

41、。服務(wù)業(yè)如電信和金融為服務(wù)業(yè)的高速增長作出了突出的貢獻(xiàn)。即使在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩時期,服務(wù)業(yè)仍是抵御外部沖擊的重要力量，服務(wù)貿(mào)易在過去的2年(1990 - 2010)一直快速增長。不僅印度的服務(wù)出口增長速度高于國家的商品出口，其增長速度也超過全球服務(wù)出口。</p><p>　　*印度的金融服務(wù)出口在2010年和2000年分別排名為“9”和“22”。這一成就使得企業(yè)全球競爭力和效率面臨挑戰(zhàn)，需從多邊自由化利用機(jī)遇。<