外文翻譯---加強(qiáng)區(qū)域旅游競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力戰(zhàn)略

1、<p>　　Enhance the competitiveness of the Regional Tourism Strategy</p><p>　　Frank,Gregory Robert Wes </p><p>　　British tourism research institute</p><p>　　Abstract: The develo

2、pment of the tourism industry can not do without the presence of tourism resources and tourist activities, but the geographical features of tourism resources and tourist activity space transfer characteristics, the devel

3、opment of tourism must contact with Spatial structure of, showing a certain regional characteristics, which also determines the inevitability and necessity of the existence of competition in the regional tourism. Therefo

4、re, to enhance the competitiveness of re</p><p>　　Keywords ：regional tourism; competitiveness; impact; strategy</p><p>　　Fist、the regional tourism competitiveness study factors</p><p&

5、gt;　　The so-called regional tourism competitiveness refers to the tourist region as a whole, competing for customers in their own development process, develop, and capture the tourism market and get the ability of indust

6、rial development elements and growth potential. Regional tourism competitiveness does not refer to a particular aspect of competitiveness, but the result of many influencing factors, but also a dynamic development proces

7、s, and then the competition results from the competitive potentia</p><p>　　Industrial competitiveness stage theory Potter is another important contribution to industrial competitiveness through four stages,

8、according to this theory, the formation of regional tourism competitiveness factor-driven stage, the stage of investment-driven, innovation-driven stage, and wealth driver stage. The characteristics of these two stages:

9、factor-driven stage, the formation of competitiveness comes from the rich resources in the region, the region through integration of resources, disc</p><p>　　Third、Regional tourism development strategy plann

10、ing strategy</p><p>　　Planning for a region vital to the development of tourism is to determine the future development of regional tourism direction and goals of the Global Programme of the global. Regional

11、tourism development strategy plan as the product of the development of regional tourism competition is to enhance regional tourism competitiveness, sustainable tourism development as the goal, the advantage of the specif

12、ic area of ??tourism competitiveness, weaknesses, challenges, opportunities analysis, selection</p><p>　　(1) the development of regional tourism strategic planning strategy</p><p>　　Unnecessary

13、waste of decision-making errors, to further enhance the potential competitiveness of the tourism in the region. Need a good external environment for the development of the tourism industry, any tourism enterprises and gr

14、oups can create and drive the industry to create such an environment, which requires the development of the tourism industry must implement a government-led strategy. As a government department, it should be positive and

15、 effective play to their initiative and coordina</p><p>　　(2) travel product differentiation, serialization strategy</p><p>　　Unnecessary waste of decision-making mistakes, to further enhance th

16、e regional tourism product is the foundation and conditions for tourism activities. Regions, through enrich and improve the tourist product line, you can enhance the overall supply capacity and level of increased efforts

17、 to purchase tourists. Large number of homogeneous products flooding the international tourist market conditions, and adhere to the differentiated product line, which can effectively avoid weakening the region be</p&g

18、t;<p>　　(3) tourism product differentiation, serialization strategy</p><p>　　The capital is one of the basic elements for the development of tourism. For areas with weak economic strength, lack of fun

19、ds is the bottleneck constraints of regional tourism competitiveness. Therefore, local governments formulate preferential policies to attract investment, loans, tax, optimize the investment environment, promote the diver

20、sification of investments. The same time, the budget of the local government have a sense of tilt to the tourism industry, and gradually increase the funding</p><p>　　(4) tourism product differentiation, ser

21、ialization strategy</p><p>　　The source is the foundation and focus of tourism development. With the state "to the development of domestic tourism, steady development of inbound tourism, moderate develo

22、pment of outbound tourism policy implementation, the domestic tourism market will be the focus of the regional competition. The regional coordination and organization are three forms of tourism, purpose, focus on the dev

23、elopment and nurturing of the important target source markets, especially to actively guide the travel choi</p><p>　　(5) tourism product differentiation, serialization strategy</p><p>　　The clus

24、ter is the industry presented in the horizontal space gathering forms of organization. Formed to create a competitive advantage as a form of organization of industrial space, industrial clusters with the group a competit

25、ive advantage and scale of cluster development, industry development has brought spillover effects. Currently, in most regions of the world tourism enterprises is weak, it is difficult to form a strong competition in the

26、 market. In view of this situation, government depar</p><p>　　(6) tourism structure optimization strategy</p><p>　　The core of the regional tourism competitiveness is the overall competitiveness

27、 of the industry, also known as "food, shelter, transportation, travel, shopping and entertainment," the coordinated development of capacity in six areas. Many regions of the world "share" and "e

28、ntertainment," the construction lagged far behind many inconvenience to tourists tour also significantly influenced the improvement of the tourism revenue. To optimize the structure of the tourism industry, focusing

29、 on strengt</p><p>　　(7) personnel training strategy</p><p>　　The talent competition is the highest stage of the regional tourism competition. The senior factors of production as the competitive

30、ness of the tourism industry, tourism professionals is a strong guarantee for the region to maintain a long-term competitive advantage. With the upgrade of the competition in the tourism industry, will be increasing dema

31、nd for tourism personnel. Regions should be noted that the talent specialization, full-time future needs of the industry trends. Thus, personnel dev</p><p>　　In short, to enhance the competitiveness of regio

32、nal tourism has become the top priority of the development of tourism around the localities should make full use of their own advantages, focused on creating resources, based on the primary factors of production is compe

33、titive based on talent, innovation, brand based long-term, effective competitiveness, and thus enhance the competitiveness of the regional to promote tourism in our country's competitiveness in the international mark

34、et.</p><p><b>　　Referenc:</b></p><p>　　[1]Hartserre A. Lesson in managerial destination competitiveness in the case of Foxwoods Casino resort[J].TourismManagement,2000,21(1):23-32.&l

35、t;/p><p>　　[2]Dr.Dimitrios Buhalis.Marketing the competitive destination of the future[J].TourismManagement,2000,21(1):97-116.</p><p>　　[3]Hassan Salah S.Determinants of market competitiveness in a

36、n environmentally sustainable development[J].Journal of Travel Research,2000,38(2):263-271.</p><p>　　[4]Ritchie J R B, Crouch G I. The competitive destination:sustainability perspective[J].Tourism Management

37、.2000,21(1):127.</p><p>　　[5]Dwyer L, Forsyth THP,Rao P. The price competitiveness of travel and tourism: a comparison of 19 destinations [J].Tourism Management,2000,21(1):9-22.</p><p>　　[6]Pear

38、ce D G. Competitive destination analysis in southeast Asia[J].Journal of Travel Research,1997,35(4):16-25.</p><p>　　加強(qiáng)區(qū)域旅游競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力戰(zhàn)略</p><p>　　弗蘭克， 羅伯特戈韋斯</p><p><b>　　英國(guó)旅游研究所</b&

39、gt;</p><p>　　摘要：旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展離不開旅游資源的存在和旅游者活動(dòng)的開展，但是旅游資源的地域特征和旅游者活動(dòng)的空間轉(zhuǎn)移特點(diǎn)，決定了旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展必然要與相應(yīng)的空間地域結(jié)構(gòu)聯(lián)系，呈現(xiàn)出一定的區(qū)域特點(diǎn)，這也決定了區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)存在的必然性和必要性。因此，提升區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的策略研究，已成為各地區(qū)域旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的當(dāng)務(wù)之急。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞 ：區(qū)域旅游業(yè)；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力；影響；策略&

40、lt;/p><p>　　近些年來(lái)，隨著世界各地爭(zhēng)相將旅游業(yè)作為地方支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)來(lái)發(fā)展，區(qū)域之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)也更加的明顯和深入。如何立足自身實(shí)際，打造競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，已經(jīng)成為各區(qū)域旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的當(dāng)務(wù)之急，也是新一輪旅游競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中取勝的關(guān)鍵。對(duì)區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力進(jìn)行研究可以增強(qiáng)區(qū)域競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的緊迫感，促使各區(qū)域發(fā)現(xiàn)和了解自己在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中的優(yōu)勢(shì)和不足，進(jìn)而快速反應(yīng)，積極應(yīng)對(duì)，通過局部競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力的加強(qiáng)擴(kuò)大到我國(guó)旅游業(yè)在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力的提升。</p&g

41、t;<p>　　一區(qū)域旅游競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的研究因素</p><p>　　所謂區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力是指各旅游區(qū)域作為一個(gè)整體，在自身發(fā)展過程中所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的爭(zhēng)奪客源，開拓、占領(lǐng)旅游市場(chǎng)并獲取產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展要素和增長(zhǎng)潛質(zhì)的能力。區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力不是指某一方面的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，而是由眾多影響因素共同作用的結(jié)果，同時(shí)也是一個(gè)從競(jìng)爭(zhēng)潛力到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)實(shí)力、再到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)結(jié)果的動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)展過程。競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力一經(jīng)提出，便引起了國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的廣泛關(guān)注。其中研究成果最為

42、突出的是美國(guó)哈佛大學(xué)教授，著名的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)策略研究專家波特，他的“國(guó)家菱圖”模型為產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的研究提供了一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)范式。在這一范式當(dāng)中，波特歸納出了六大影響因素：（1）生產(chǎn)要素，包括自然資源、人類資源、知識(shí)資源、資本資源和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等：（2）需求條件，主要指客源市場(chǎng)的需求結(jié)構(gòu)和需求規(guī)模；（3）相關(guān)與輔助產(chǎn)業(yè)的狀況；（4）企業(yè)策略、結(jié)構(gòu)與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手；（5）政府行為；（6）機(jī)遇。對(duì)于旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)來(lái)說，由于其自身發(fā)展的綜合性特點(diǎn)，決定了影響區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的

43、因素也是多方面。依據(jù)這些因素對(duì)旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力影響的大小，又可將其分為決定性因素、支持性因素、發(fā)展性因素和保障性因素。決定性因素主要包括資源條件、旅游需求狀況、旅游企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力狀況和區(qū)域?qū)ν饴糜涡蜗蟮?。這些因素構(gòu)成了區(qū)域旅游業(yè)</p><p>　　二提升區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的策略選擇</p><p>　　產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力階段理論是波特關(guān)于產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的又一重要貢獻(xiàn)，依據(jù)這一理論，區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的形成要經(jīng)

44、歷四個(gè)階段，即要素驅(qū)動(dòng)階段、投資驅(qū)動(dòng)階段、創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)階段和財(cái)富驅(qū)動(dòng)階段。這兩個(gè)階段的特點(diǎn)是：在要素驅(qū)動(dòng)階段，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的形成來(lái)源于區(qū)域內(nèi)豐富的資源，要求區(qū)域通過資源整合，發(fā)現(xiàn)優(yōu)勢(shì)資源，進(jìn)而將資源優(yōu)勢(shì)發(fā)展成競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)。投資驅(qū)動(dòng)階段競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的形成得益于區(qū)域內(nèi)政府和企業(yè)的投資意愿和能力以及高級(jí)生產(chǎn)要素的發(fā)展。對(duì)于我國(guó)大部分地區(qū)來(lái)說，一方面擁有豐富的旅游資源，據(jù)有不同程度的資源優(yōu)勢(shì)。具體的策略選擇如下：</p><p>　　三區(qū)域

45、旅游業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃策略</p><p>　　規(guī)劃對(duì)于一個(gè)地區(qū)旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展至關(guān)重要，是決定區(qū)域旅游業(yè)未來(lái)發(fā)展方向和目標(biāo)的全局性的全局性綱領(lǐng)。區(qū)域旅游業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃作為區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物，是以提升區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力、實(shí)現(xiàn)旅游業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展為目標(biāo)，通過對(duì)特定區(qū)域內(nèi)旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力優(yōu)勢(shì)、劣勢(shì)、挑戰(zhàn)、機(jī)遇的分析，選擇出適合本地發(fā)展的策略，進(jìn)而揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短，確保區(qū)域旅游業(yè)長(zhǎng)久、持續(xù)、穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展。同傳統(tǒng)的區(qū)域旅游規(guī)劃來(lái)說，區(qū)域旅游業(yè)

46、發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃更具全局性和針對(duì)性，在具體的實(shí)施上又有很大的靈活性，因而更適于在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的環(huán)境下為旅游業(yè)發(fā)展做出指導(dǎo)。各地區(qū)通過區(qū)域旅游發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃，可以有效地整合資源，最大限度地挖掘和提升資源的開發(fā)利用能力，避免因決策失誤帶來(lái)的不必要浪費(fèi)，從而進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)區(qū)域旅游業(yè)的潛在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力。</p><p>　　區(qū)域旅游業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃策略</p><p>　　決策失誤帶來(lái)的不必要浪費(fèi)，從而進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)區(qū)域旅

47、游業(yè)的潛在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力。旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展需要一個(gè)良好的外部環(huán)境，任何一個(gè)旅游企業(yè)和集團(tuán)都無(wú)法營(yíng)造和帶動(dòng)全行業(yè)來(lái)創(chuàng)造這樣的環(huán)境，這就要求旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展必須實(shí)施政府主導(dǎo)戰(zhàn)略。作為政府部門，應(yīng)該積極有效的發(fā)揮自身的主動(dòng)性和協(xié)調(diào)能力，引導(dǎo)區(qū)域旅游業(yè)向著良好的方向發(fā)展。筆者認(rèn)為，政府部門可以從以下三個(gè)方面來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)其主導(dǎo)作用：一是建立健全良好的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制，完善旅游市場(chǎng)體系，加強(qiáng)旅游法規(guī)建設(shè)，營(yíng)造公平、合理的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)秩序；二是制定靈活的產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展政策和合理的投資優(yōu)惠

48、政策，加大旅游業(yè)的資金投入，鼓勵(lì)和代辦旅游；三是增強(qiáng)政府的協(xié)調(diào)引導(dǎo)作用，弱化監(jiān)管職能，給旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)和企業(yè)更多的發(fā)展空間和選擇余地。</p><p>　　旅游產(chǎn)品差異化、系列化策略</p><p>　　決策失誤帶來(lái)的不必要浪費(fèi)，從而進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)區(qū)域旅游產(chǎn)品是旅游活動(dòng)開展的基礎(chǔ)和條件。各個(gè)區(qū)域通過豐富和完善旅游產(chǎn)品線，可以提升整體的供給能力和水平，增加游客的購(gòu)買力度。在國(guó)際旅游市場(chǎng)上大量同質(zhì)化產(chǎn)品

49、充斥的狀況下，堅(jiān)持走差異化產(chǎn)品路線，能夠有效地避免和弱化區(qū)域之間因同質(zhì)化產(chǎn)品而產(chǎn)生的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。同時(shí)，相鄰區(qū)域之間通過差異化的產(chǎn)品又可以達(dá)到揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短的效果，有利于區(qū)域之間的合作和共贏。當(dāng)然，更重要的是富于特色的差異化旅游產(chǎn)品在客源市場(chǎng)上更容易吸引和刺激游客的購(gòu)買。旅游產(chǎn)品差異化的形成要立足本區(qū)域的字眼優(yōu)勢(shì)，找出區(qū)域內(nèi)獨(dú)有的資源類型，深入挖掘文化內(nèi)涵，進(jìn)行高起點(diǎn)的設(shè)計(jì)和開發(fā)，爭(zhēng)取在進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)之始就以高品位的特質(zhì)形成品牌競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。除此之外，要加大

50、新產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)力度，拉開產(chǎn)品的檔次，在設(shè)計(jì)核心產(chǎn)品的同時(shí)，要對(duì)外延產(chǎn)品和輔助產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行研究和開發(fā)，使區(qū)域內(nèi)的旅游產(chǎn)品能夠滿足消費(fèi)者觀光旅游、休閑度假、商務(wù)會(huì)展、科教探險(xiǎn)等多層次的要求，并通過產(chǎn)品的系列化延長(zhǎng)游客在旅游目的地的逗留時(shí)間，進(jìn)一步增加區(qū)域旅游收入。</p><p>　?。ㄈ┞糜萎a(chǎn)品差異化、系列化策略</p><p>　　資金是旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的基本要素之一。對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力薄弱的區(qū)域來(lái)說，資

51、金的不足是制約區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力提升的瓶頸。因此，地方政府要在引資、貸款、稅收方面制定優(yōu)惠的政策，優(yōu)化投資環(huán)境，促進(jìn)投資的多元化。同時(shí)，地方政府的財(cái)政預(yù)算要有意識(shí)的向旅游業(yè)傾斜，逐漸加大旅游業(yè)的資金投入。旅游業(yè)自身也要發(fā)揮主觀能動(dòng)性，調(diào)動(dòng)各方面的積極性，盡可能多的爭(zhēng)取外方資金和僑資等，動(dòng)員和引導(dǎo)社會(huì)力量辦旅游。此外也要“以旅促旅”，將取得的旅游收入再合理的投入到開發(fā)建設(shè)中來(lái)，在發(fā)展中建設(shè)，在建設(shè)中發(fā)展，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)的循環(huán)發(fā)展。<

52、/p><p>　?。ㄋ模┞糜萎a(chǎn)品差異化、系列化策略</p><p>　　客源是旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)和重點(diǎn)。隨著國(guó)家“大力發(fā)展國(guó)內(nèi)旅游，穩(wěn)固發(fā)展入境旅游，適度發(fā)展出境旅游”政策的實(shí)施，國(guó)內(nèi)旅游市場(chǎng)將成為區(qū)域競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的重點(diǎn)。各區(qū)域應(yīng)協(xié)調(diào)和組織好三種旅游形式，有目的、有重點(diǎn)地發(fā)展和培育國(guó)內(nèi)重要目標(biāo)客源市場(chǎng)，尤其是要積極引導(dǎo)區(qū)域內(nèi)游客的出行選擇，充分發(fā)展和挖掘近鄰省份的大中城市和東南沿海經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的游客，以

53、穩(wěn)定和促進(jìn)區(qū)域內(nèi)客源的增長(zhǎng)，確保旅游業(yè)長(zhǎng)期保持持續(xù)快速發(fā)展。</p><p>　?。ㄎ澹┞糜萎a(chǎn)品差異化、系列化策略</p><p>　　集群化是產(chǎn)業(yè)在橫向空間上呈現(xiàn)集聚狀態(tài)的組織形式。作為一種為創(chuàng)造競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)而形成的產(chǎn)業(yè)空間組織形式，產(chǎn)業(yè)集群具有群體競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)和集聚發(fā)展的規(guī)模效益，能夠?yàn)楫a(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展帶來(lái)溢出效應(yīng)。目前，世界大多數(shù)區(qū)域的旅游企業(yè)力量薄弱，難以在市場(chǎng)上形成有力的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。針對(duì)這種局面，

54、政府部門和相關(guān)行業(yè)組織可以通過有效的引導(dǎo)和支持，促進(jìn)各旅游企業(yè)自覺、自愿的與相關(guān)和支持產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)行溝通協(xié)調(diào)和合作競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，進(jìn)而通過單體企業(yè)的聯(lián)系形成各種企業(yè)集群，最大限度地發(fā)揮集群特有的經(jīng)濟(jì)集聚、信息共享、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)弱化等優(yōu)勢(shì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)單體企業(yè)的專業(yè)化、規(guī)范化、規(guī)模化管理，進(jìn)一步提升中小企業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。</p><p>　?。┞糜螛I(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化策略</p><p>　　區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的核心是產(chǎn)業(yè)的整體競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力

55、，也即“食、住、行、游、購(gòu)、娛”六方面的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展能力。目前世界上許多區(qū)域“購(gòu)”和“娛”的建設(shè)嚴(yán)重滯后，在給旅游者的游覽帶來(lái)眾多不便的同時(shí)，也在很大程度上影響了旅游收入的提高。對(duì)旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，就重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)這些基礎(chǔ)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)的建設(shè)，同時(shí)不斷提高配套設(shè)施的建設(shè)水平，增強(qiáng)“行”和“游”的便捷性，提高“食”和“住”的舒適度，促進(jìn)各環(huán)節(jié)的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，全面提高區(qū)域旅游業(yè)的整體供給能力，增加游客的滿意度。</p><p>&l

56、t;b>　?。ㄆ撸┤瞬排囵B(yǎng)策略</b></p><p>　　人才的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的最高階段。作為旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力形成的高級(jí)生產(chǎn)要素，旅游專業(yè)人才是區(qū)域維持長(zhǎng)久競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)的有力保障。隨著旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的升級(jí)，對(duì)旅游人才的需求量將會(huì)越來(lái)越大。各區(qū)域應(yīng)該注意到人才的專業(yè)化、專職化是未來(lái)的行業(yè)需求趨勢(shì)。因而，在人才建設(shè)上，一方面要制定靈活高效的人才引進(jìn)機(jī)制，為優(yōu)秀人才提供合適的待遇和寬松的環(huán)境，激發(fā)他們最

57、大程度的發(fā)揮自己的才能。另一方面，要積極地與高校聯(lián)手，根據(jù)市場(chǎng)和產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的需要，制定合理的人才培養(yǎng)計(jì)劃，為區(qū)域旅游競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)的取得積蓄后備力量和智力支持。另外，要注重加強(qiáng)現(xiàn)有從業(yè)人員的專業(yè)培訓(xùn)，逐步提升行業(yè)人員的整體素質(zhì)。</p><p>　　總之，提升區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力已成為各地發(fā)展旅游業(yè)的當(dāng)務(wù)之急，各地要充分利用自身的優(yōu)勢(shì)資源，在立足于初級(jí)生產(chǎn)要素為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的基礎(chǔ)上，著力打造人才、創(chuàng)新、品牌等為基礎(chǔ)的長(zhǎng)久、有效的競(jìng)

58、爭(zhēng)力，進(jìn)而通過各區(qū)域競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的提升來(lái)帶動(dòng)我國(guó)旅游業(yè)在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。</p><p><b>　　參考文獻(xiàn)：</b></p><p>　　[1]HartserreA.在旅游目的地競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力管理課程中的?？怂刮槠澷€場(chǎng)研究[J].旅游業(yè)管理案例。2000，21（1）：23-32.</p><p>　　[2]博士迪米特里奧斯.市場(chǎng)未來(lái)的研究競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的目標(biāo)[

59、J].旅游管理，2000，21（1）：97-116.</p><p>　　[3]哈桑薩拉赫學(xué)到市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的決定因素在環(huán)境可持續(xù)發(fā)展[J].旅游研究雜志，2000，38（2）：263-271.</p><p>　　[4]里奇，克勞奇G一，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)目標(biāo)JRB：可持續(xù)發(fā)展的角度研究[J].旅游管理，2000，21（1）：127.</p><p>　　[5]德懷爾，旅行和旅游業(yè)