汽車外文翻譯--中國汽車工業(yè)及其全球化

1、<p>　　中國汽車工業(yè)及其全球化（節(jié)譯）</p><p><b>　　摘要：</b></p><p>　　由于改革開放政策的實行，中國汽車行業(yè)的實現(xiàn)了飛速的發(fā)展，特別是在20世紀(jì)90年代初期。中國政府一直鼓勵國內(nèi)和合資公司通過引進(jìn)日本和歐美的汽車及其零部件制造商的直接投資，來向中國內(nèi)部擴(kuò)張。中國的目標(biāo)是在2020年成為全球車業(yè)舉足輕重的角色。本文旨在分析中

2、國的汽車工業(yè)目前存在的優(yōu)勢和弱點，并且討論如果中國汽車行業(yè)如果要實現(xiàn)全球化，什么將是它所需要的。本文將側(cè)重點放在“與合資企業(yè)相關(guān)的政府政策”，“市場拓展”，“如何解決規(guī)模和范圍問題”以及“需要解決的質(zhì)量問題”這些點上----如果中國車企想與西方國家更先進(jìn)的汽車企業(yè)一爭高下的話。最后，中國汽車企業(yè)在發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體市場參與中是難還是易？本文將對此進(jìn)行探討評估。</p><p><b>　　出口潛力分析結(jié)論：&l

3、t;/b></p><p>　　很顯然，中國的國內(nèi)汽車生產(chǎn)商不足以對世界上先進(jìn)的汽車廠商形成的嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。最近關(guān)于安全性和廢氣排放測試的實驗中，給中國的汽車制造商之間帶來了更嚴(yán)峻的氣氛，但這不應(yīng)該是西方汽車廠家得意的理由。中國將借鑒他們的經(jīng)驗，很可能在未來幾年內(nèi)，將縮小在設(shè)計和技術(shù)方面與西方的差距。當(dāng)中國汽車開始進(jìn)入西方市場，甚至像奇瑞這種在中國享有良好的聲譽(yù)的汽車公司將大力跟進(jìn)，它將采取低價策略進(jìn)入歐美市場

4、，估計比美國或歐洲等值商品低30％。此外，中國企業(yè)將要面對經(jīng)銷商建立的巨額成本，而在美國，將需要至少250個經(jīng)銷網(wǎng)點，其初始建設(shè)成本可能削弱其企業(yè)競爭力。</p><p><b>　　全文結(jié)論：</b></p><p>　　從上述很明顯，中國汽車品牌在全球汽車領(lǐng)域走向強(qiáng)大的道路上有它極其強(qiáng)大的力量，并且這已經(jīng)不是它走得是否好的問題了，而是中國本土汽車制造商什么時候能夠

5、有足夠的準(zhǔn)備，試圖滲透進(jìn)先進(jìn)的并且已經(jīng)飽和的西方和日本汽車市場。然而，有充分的證據(jù)表明，在大約五到十年間這將不難看到。而且它發(fā)生的時候，中國的汽車制造商將按照以前日本和韓國走過的道路，以比日韓更快的速度擴(kuò)張。</p><p>　　在中國進(jìn)入歐美日韓汽車市場之前，中國需要處理其自主汽車行業(yè)所面臨的嚴(yán)重問題。這些措施包括著手采取一些合理化的政策，通過關(guān)閉或接管和兼并的方式來取締實力較弱的企業(yè)，留下那些足夠大，并且有能

6、力能夠挑戰(zhàn)西方跨國公司的汽車公司。這將是不容易的，可能引起北京當(dāng)局和地方政府之間的一些沖突，導(dǎo)致定向兼并和工廠倒閉。更大程度的合理化，對于與汽車行業(yè)的相連的行業(yè)也是十分必要的。</p><p>　　從技術(shù)的角度而言，中國企業(yè)缺乏一定的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)。在向西方出口之前，中國汽車行業(yè)需要發(fā)展一個更加綜合的，并在行業(yè)內(nèi)具有更高水平的設(shè)計，研發(fā)，安全和質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品的能力，并因此減少目前對西部企業(yè)的依賴。如果在短期至中期這確實太困

7、難的話，仍然是有其他方法的，比如政府可以改變一些政策，放寬合資企業(yè)的成立條件，并鼓勵新的項目形式，這樣使合資企業(yè)對中國企業(yè)出口遠(yuǎn)景方面起到一定的幫助。需要說明的是，西方公司可能并不熱衷于出口中國制造的產(chǎn)品，因為中國制造將與自己的國內(nèi)產(chǎn)品直接競爭。最后，中國汽車企業(yè)需要在美國歐洲建立分銷渠道和銷售網(wǎng)絡(luò)。在此期間，西方生產(chǎn)者也不能停滯不前，但也中國不會。他們終究會來的！</p><p>　　The Chinese C

8、ar Industry and Globalization</p><p>　　Tom Donnelly,</p><p>　　Faculty of Business</p><p>　　Coventry University, UK</p><p><b>　　Abstract:</b></p><

9、p>　　Since the beginning of the Open Door policy, the Chinese car industry has grown rapidly particularly from the early 1990s. The national government has encouraged both domestic and joint venture firm expansion thro

10、ugh inwards foreign direct investment by western and Japanese car and component manufacturers. The objective is that China becomes a major player in the global car industry by 2020. This paper intends analyzing the curre

11、nt strengths and weaknesses of the Chinese automotive industry and </p><p>　　Export Potential Conclusion:</p><p>　　It is clear that China’s domestic car producers are not yet in a position to mo

12、unt a serious challenge in the world’s advanced car markets. Recent experiences over safety and emission tests have brought about a more sober mood among China’s car producers, but that ought not to give rise to any kind

13、 of complacency in the west. The Chinese will learn from their experiences and it is likely the gaps in design and technology will narrow in coming years. When Chinese cars do begin to penetrate wester</p><p&g

14、t;　　Conclusion：</p><p>　　From the foregoing it is obvious that China is well on its way to being an extremely potent force in the global car industry and that it is not a question of if, but when its domesti

15、c automotive producers are adequately prepared to try to penetrate the advanced, saturated markets of the West and of Japan. However the weight of evidence indicates that this will not be a serious position for circa fiv

16、e to ten years and when it happens, Chinese producers will follow the path previously trodden by J</p><p>　　Before this can occur the Chinese need to deal with the serious problems confronting their industry

17、. These include the need to embark on a policy of rationalisation to weed out the weaker firms either through closure or by take-over and merger, leaving possibly only a dozen or so large concerns that are capable of cha

18、llenging western multinationals. This will not be easy and may require an element of confrontation between the Bejing authorities and provinical governments, leading to directed mer</p><p>　　Technically Chin

19、ese firms are light on the possession of intellectual property and it is thought that before trying to export to the west they will need to develop a much more integrated industry capable of high levels of design, R&

20、D, product safety and quality and so lessen the current dependency on western firms. If this proves too difficult in the short to medium term, there always remains the option of changes in government policy to reduce the