激勵員工的策略【外文翻譯】

1、外文翻譯外文翻譯原文TryStrategiestoMotivateYourEmployeesMaterialSource:ChopraS（美）ModernManagementScience2007Auth:McGrawHillAbstract:Awiseemployerwillwkoutvariouswaystoretaintheexperiencedresponsibleemployeesifherealizestheimptantr

2、olehisemployeesplayinoperations.Inmanagementtheemployermayadoptstrategiestomotivateemployeesftheirbetterperfmance.Therearevariousstrategiesfmotivatingthem.Butthefollowingonesaresomeofthemostcommontypes.Keywds:employersma

3、nagementstrategymotivate_staffRewardspunishmentThisstrategyisbasedonaconceptwhichiscalledbehavimodification.Behavithatisrewardedtendstoberepeatedwhilebehavithatispunishedtendstobeterminated.Therefemanagerscanmodifyemploy

4、eesbehavifbetterperfmancethroughsystematicrewardspunishment.Fexamplepayingabonustoemployeeswhoexceedtheirquotastendstomakethemwkhardagain.Suspensionofpaywouldfceemployeeswhoareoftenlatetobelatelessoften.Itisgenerallyagre

5、edthatrewardsaremeeffectivethanpunishmentfthelongtermbehaviofemployeesbecauserewardsemphasizethepositiveaspectsofthebehaviswhilepunishmentmaycausenegativeeffectssuchasangerresentmentretaliation.Thatiswhymanagersareveryca

6、utiousinusingpunishment.Tomakeemployeeswkeffectivelyrewardsmustbejustwhattheywant.theemployeesmustbelievetheycanperfmbetteriftheytrybeconvincedthattheywillgetrewardsiftheydoperfmbetter.ManagementbyobjectivesManagementbyo

7、bjectives(MBO)isaprogrammainlyusedtoassistmanagersinsettingcarryingouttheirplans.HowevermanymanagersalsothinkthatAtleastinthefirsthalfofthe20centurymanagersintheUSbelievedthatthejobscouldbedonemeefficientlyiftheyweremade

8、simplermespecialized.Thisledtotheinventionproliferationofassemblylines.Butitwaslaterfoundthatjobsdesignedoftenmadeemployeesbedthattendedtolowerwkersproductivityratherthanincreaseit.Therefeefftshavebeenmadetosolvetheprobl

9、emvarioustechniqueshavebeeninventedtomakethejobsmotivating.Themostpopularofsuchtechniquesarejobrotationjobenlargementjobenrichmentjobredesign.1.Jobrotation.Thistechniquemovesemployeefromjobtojobthusavoidingtheproblemofdo

10、ingonesimplespecializedjoboveralongperiodoftime.Theeffectivenessofjobrotationhowevershouldnotbeoverestimatedbecauseemployeeswillsoonerlaterbecomebedwithallthejobsavailablefrotation.Ithasbeenfoundthatthistechniqueismeeffe

11、ctivefemployeeswhoneedanganicoverviewoftherelationsbetweenthedifferentjobsoftheganization.2.Jobenlargement.Itisbelievedthatthemeoperationsaddedtoajobthemesatisfyingthejobasawholewillbe.Fexampleifamechanicismaderesponsibl

12、efboththeelectricalmechanicalsystemsofautomobilesthatneedrepairhewouldbemesatisfiedthanifhewereallowedtowkonjustonesystem.3.Jobenrichment.Toalargedegreejobenrichmentisacombinationoftheabovetwo.Thistechniquefocusesonaddin

13、gtoajobmotivatingfacts.Therefemanyjobenrichmentprogramshavetriedtogiveemployeesmeresponsibilitiesmechallengesmefeedbackabouttheirperfmance.Jobrotationisoftenincluedfthesamereason:rotatinganemployeethroughvariouspositions

14、canhelphimherlearnnewskillsgrow.4.Jobredesign.Insomewaysjobredesignislikejobenrichmentbutitrecognizesthatemployeesdifferinwhattheywantfromjobsgivesmeemphasistoemployeesjobmatch.Methodsusedbyjobredesignprogramsincludecomb

15、iningwkscreatingnaturalwkgroupssuchasqualitycirclestomakeemployeesfeelthattheyareimptantsettingupclientrelationshipstogiveemployeesmefeedbackabouttheirjobs.Therefejobredesignprogramsappealprimarilytoemployeeswithhighneed