2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題（含答案詳解+作文范文）_第1頁
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1、Theelectriccar—agreentransptrevolutioninthemakingAsthewldscontinuingenergycrisiswaroilconsumptionenergycarfullwiththeamountofincreasedecreaseenergydaybydayonedayitwilldisappearwithoutatrace.Oilisnotlivingresources.Oilcon

2、sumptioninthemustbetofindasubstitutebefe.Withthedevelopmentoftechnologysocialprogresstheinventionoftheelectricvehicleswillbeeffectivehelpeasethefinancialdifficulty.Electriccarswillbecometheidealmeansoftranspt.Facedwithhi

3、ghenergycostsrisingconsumergovernmentconcernoverthefateoftheenvironmentthewldsautomakersaresteppingupinvestmentinthedevelopmentofalternativepowertraintechnologiesthatpromisetosubstantiallycutfuelconsumptionreducegreenhou

4、segasemissions.muchattentiontodatehasfocusedonadvancesbyJapaneseAmericanautomakersinthedevelopmentofhybridbatteryelectricvehicles.ToyotasPriushasemergedasthebestsellinghybridcarinthewld.TesiaMotsaUSbasedstartuphaslaunche

5、ditsfirstbatteryelectricvehicletheTeslaRoadster.Bytheendof2010GMplanstolaunchitsmuchtoutedVolthybridwhileChryslerhasrecentlyannouncedsimilarplans.TheChinesegovernmentalsohastheNationalHighTechnologyResearchDevelopmentPro

6、gramspecificallylistedincludinghybridvehiclesincludingelectriccarsofmajprojects.AtpresentChinasindependentinnovationofnewenergyvehiclesintheprocessadheretothegovernmentsuppttocetechnologykeycomponentssystemintegrationfoc

7、usingontheprinciplesestablishedinhybridelectricvehiclespureelectricvehiclesfuelcellvehiclesasa“threevertical“SeveralEuropeancountriesaswellasUSJapanChinaothershaverecentlyannouncedboldplansftheintroductionofelectricvehic

8、les.Theseincludefiscalincentivesfundingresearchonbatterieselectricvehiclesplansfthedeploymentofaginginfrastructure.MajcitiessuchasLondonParishaveannouncedelectriccarsharingsystemswhilepublicadministrationscompaniesusingl

9、argecaptivefleetsarepurchasingelectricvehicles.Yettodaythefuturelooksbrighter.Agreatdealofprogresshasbeenmadeinbatterytechnologyelectricvehiclesareexpectedtoreenterthemarketonalargescalewithinthenextcoupleofyears.Basedon

10、amoderategrowthscenarioby2050electricvehiclescouldrepresentmethan60%ofnewsalesconstituteupto25%oftheglobalcarfleet.Howeverestimatesoftheextentoffuturedeploymentvarygreatlyasthereisstillsomeuncertaintyinrelationtothedevel

11、opmentoftechnologyfutureconsumerbehavi.OneoftheprimarybenefitsofelectricvehiclesisofcoursethereductionofGreenhousegasesemittedintotheatmosphere.Ourcalculationofthetotalcarbonabatementpotentialofalternativepowertraintechn

12、ologiescountednotonlytheCO2emissionsthatvehiclesproducebutalsoemissionsproducedthroughouttheirentirelifecyclefromtheCO2emittedduringthegenerationofelectricpowerthroughtothetransptationoffuel.Overaperiodof8monthsin2008agl

13、obalMcKinseyteamstudiedthepassengervehicleindustriesinNthAmericaEuropeChinaIndia.Theteamexaminedfourpowertraintechnologyalternativeschosenonthebasisofexistingtechnologiestheirneartermcommercialfeasibility.Theycontrastedt

14、hemtoconventionalinternalcombustionengine(ICE)vehiclesthatrunongasolinediesel.Fullhybridvehicles:Runningprimarilyongasolinefullhybridsarepoweredbyabatteryduringaccelerationofthevehiclebutdrawmostoftheirpowerfromaninterna

15、lcombustionengine.FullhybridsequippedwithICEimprovementtechnologiesmentionedabovehavealifecyclecarbonabatementpotentialof56pressednaturalgas(CNG)vehicles:CNGvehiclesarenmallyperceivedtobeasourceofcleanenergybuttheirlifec

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