英語語言學(xué)習(xí)題與答案

1、Chapter1IntroductionstoLinguisticsI.Choosethebestanswer.(20%)1.Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedfhuman__________A.contactB.communicationC.relationD.community2.WhichofthefollowingwdsisentirelyarbitraryA.treeB.t

2、ypewriterC.crashD.bang3.Thefunctionofthesentence“Waterboilsat100degreesCentigrade.”is__________.A.interrogativeB.directiveC.infmativeD.perfmative4.InChinesewhensomeonebreaksabowlaplatethehostthepeoplepresentarelikelytosa

3、y“碎碎（歲歲）平安”asameansofcontrollingthefceswhichtheybelievesfeelmightaffecttheirlives.WhichfunctionsdoesitperfmA.InterpersonalB.EmotiveC.PerfmativeD.Recreational5.Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoov

4、ercomethebarrierscausedbytimeplaceduetothisfeatureoflanguagespeakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituationA.TransferabilityB.DualityC.DisplacementD.Arbitrariness6.Studythefollowingdialogue.Whatfunctiondoesit

5、playaccdingtothefunctionsoflanguage—Anicedayisn’tit—Right!Ireallyenjoythesunlight.A.EmotiveB.PhaticC.PerfmativeD.Interpersonal7.__________referstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageuser’sknowledgeoftherulesofhislangua

6、geinutterances.A.PerfmanceB.CompetenceC.LangueD.Parole8.Whenadogisbarkingyouassumeitisbarkingfsomethingatsomeonethatexistshearnow.Itcouldn’tbesrowfulfsomelostlovelostbone.Thisindicatesthedesignfeatureof__________.A.cultu

7、raltransmissionB.productivityC.displacementD.duality9.__________answerssuchquestionsashowweasinfantsacquireourfirstlanguage.A.PsycholinguisticsB.AnthropologicallinguisticsC.SociolinguisticsD.Appliedlinguistics10.________

8、__dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfieldsparticularlyeducation.A.LinguistictheyB.PracticallinguisticsC.AppliedlinguisticsD.ComparativelinguisticsII.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretruefalse.(10%)11.Languageisamea

9、nsofverbalcommunication.Therefethecommunicationwayusedbythedeafmuteisnotlanguage.12.Languagechangeisuniversalongoingarbitrary.13.Speakingisthequickestmostefficientwayofthehumancommunicationsystems.14.Languageiswrittenbec

10、ausewritingistheprimarymediumfalllanguages.15.WewereallbnwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguagewhichmeansthedetailsofanyKey:[InthereferencekeysIwon’tgiveexamplesfurtheranalysis.Thatseemstoomuchwkfme.Therefethiskeyisonlyfreferen

11、ce.Indertoanswerthiskindofquestionyouneedmeexamples.Soyoushouldreadthetextbookcarefully.–icywarmtea]I.1~5BACCC6~10BACACII.11~15FFTFF16~20FFFFFIII.21.verbal22.productivitycreativity23.metalingualfunction24.yoheho25.scient

12、ific26.deive27.speech28.diachroniclinguistic29.langue30.competenceIV.31.Designfeature:Itreferstothedefiningpropertiesofhumanlanguagethattellthedifferencebetweenhumanlanguageanysystemofanimalcommunication.32.Displacement:

13、Itmeansthathumanlanguagesenabletheiruserstosymbolizeobjectseventsconceptswhicharenotpresent(intimespace)atthemomentofcommunication.33.Competence:Itisanessentialpartofperfmance.Itisthespeaker’sknowledgeofhisherlanguagetha

14、tisofitssoundstructureitswdsitsgrammaticalrules.Competenceisinawayanencyclopediaoflanguage.Meovertheknowledgeinvolvedincompetenceisgenerallyunconscious.Atransfmationalgenerativegrammarisamodelofcompetence.34.Synchronicli

15、nguistics:Itreferstothestudyofalanguageatagivenpointintime.ThetimestudiedmaybeeitherthepresentaparticularpointinthepastsynchronicanalysescanalsobemadeofdeadlanguagessuchasLatin.Synchroniclinguisticsiscontrastedwithdiachr

16、oniclinguisticsthestudyofalanguageoveraperiodoftime.V.35.Dualitymakesourlanguageproductive.Alargenumberofdifferentunitscanbefmedoutofasmallnumberofelements–finstancetensofthoussofwdsoutofasmallsetofsoundsaround48inthecas

17、eoftheEnglishlanguage.outofthehugenumberofwdstherecanbeastronomicalnumberofpossiblesentencesphraseswhichinturncancombinetofmunlimitednumberoftexts.Mostanimalcommunicationsystemsdonothavethisdesignfeatureofhumanlanguage.I

18、flanguagehasnosuchdesignfeaturethenitwillbelikeanimalcommunicationalsystemwhichwillbehighlylimited.Itcannotproduceaverylargenumberofsoundcombinationse.g.wdswhicharedistinctinmeaning.36.Itisdifficulttodefinelanguageasitis