【astm標準】e 1527 - 13

1、Designation:E1527?13StardPracticefEnvironmentalSiteAssessments:PhaseIEnvironmentalSiteAssessmentProcess1ThisstardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE1527thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearofiginalado

2、ptioninthecaseofrevisiontheyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperepsilon()indicatesaneditialchangesincethelastrevisionreapproval.1.Scope1.1Purpose—Thepurposeofthispracticeistodefin

3、egoodcommercialcustomarypracticeintheUnitedStatesofAmericafconductinganenvironmentalsiteassessment2ofaparcelofcommercialrealestatewithrespecttotherangeofcontaminantswithinthescopeoftheComprehensiveEnvironmentalResponseCo

4、mpensationLiabilityAct(CERCLA)(42U.S.C.9601)petroleumproducts.Assuchthispracticeisintendedtopermitausertosatisfyoneoftherequirementstoqualifyftheinnocentlownercontiguouspropertyownerbonafideprospectivepurchaserlimitation

5、sonCERCLAliability(hereinafterthe“l(fā)ownerliabilityprotections”“LLPs”):thatisthepracticethatconstitutesallappropriateinquiriesintothepreviousownershipusesofthepropertyconsistentwithgoodcommercialcustomarypracticeasdefineda

6、t42U.S.C.9601(35)(B).(SeeAppendixX1fanoutlineofCERCLA’sliabilitydefenseprovisions.)Controlledsubstancesarenotincludedwithinthescopeofthisstard.PersonsconductinganenvironmentalsiteassessmentaspartofanEPABrownfieldsAssessm

7、entacterizationGrantawardedunderCERCLA42U.S.C.9604(k)(2)(B)mustincludecontrolledsubstancesasdefinedintheControlledSubstancesAct(21U.S.C.802)withinthescopeoftheassessmentinvestigationstotheextentdirectedinthetermsconditio

8、nsofthespecificgrantcooperativeagreement.Additionallyanevaluationofbusinessenvironmentalriskassociatedwithaparcelofcommercialrealestatemaynecessitateinvestigationbeyondthatidentifiedinthispractice(seeSections1.313).1.1.1

9、RecognizedEnvironmentalConditions—Indefiningastardofgoodcommercialcustomarypracticefconductinganenvironmentalsiteassessmentofaparcelofpropertythegoaloftheprocessesestablishedbythispracticeistoidentifyrecognizedenvironmen

10、talconditions.Thetermrecognizedenvironmentalconditionsmeansthepresencelikelypresenceofanyhazardoussubstancespetroleumproductsinonataproperty:(1)duetoanyreleasetotheenvironment(2)underconditionsindicativeofareleasetotheen

11、vironment(3)underconditionsthatposeamaterialthreatofafuturereleasetotheenvironment.Deminimisconditionsarenotrecognizedenvironmentalconditions.1.1.2PetroleumProducts—Petroleumproductsareincludedwithinthescopeofthispractic

12、ebecausetheyareofconcernwithrespecttomanyparcelsofcommercialrealestatecurrentcustomusageistoincludeaninquiryintothepresenceofpetroleumproductswhendoinganenvironmentalsiteassessmentofcommercialrealestate.Inclusionofpetrol

13、eumproductswithinthescopeofthispracticeisnotbasedupontheapplicabilityifanyofCERCLAtopetroleumproducts.(SeeX1.1.2.1fdiscussionofpetroleumexclusiontoCERCLAliability.)1.1.3CERCLARequirementsOtherThanAppropriateInquiries—Thi

14、spracticedoesnotaddresswhetherrequirementsinadditiontoallappropriateinquirieshavebeenmetindertoqualifyftheLLPs(fexamplethedutiesspecifiedin42U.S.C.9607(b)(3)(a)(b)citedinAppendixX1includingthecontinuingobligationnottoimp

15、edetheintegrityeffectivenessofactivityuselimitations(AULs)thedutytotakereasonablestepstopreventreleasesthedutytocomplywithlegallyrequiredreleasereptingobligations).1.1.4OtherFederalStateLocalEnvironmentalLaws—Thispractic

16、edoesnotaddressrequirementsofanystatelocallawsofanyfederallawsotherthantheallappropriateinquiriesprovisionsoftheLLPs.Usersarecautionedthatfederalstatelocallawsmayimposeenvironmentalassessmentobligationsthatarebeyondthesc

17、opeofthispractice.Usersshouldalsobeawarethattherearelikelytobeotherlegalobligationswithregardtohazardoussubstancespetroleumproductsdiscoveredonthepropertythatarenotaddressedinthispracticethatmayposerisksofcivilcriminalsa

18、nctionsfnoncompliance.1ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE50onEnvironmentalAssessmentRiskManagementCrectiveActionisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE50.02onRealEstateAssessmentManagement.Currentedition

19、approvedNov.12013.PublishedNovember2013.iginallyapprovedin1993.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2005asE1527–05.DOI:10.1520E152713.2AlldefinitionsdeionsoftermsacronymsaredefinedinSection3.Whenevertermsdefinedin3.2areusedinthi

20、spracticetheyareinitalics.Copyright?ASTMInternational100BarrHarbDrivePOBoxC700WestConshohockenPA194282959.UnitedStates13.2Definitions:3.2.1abonedproperty—propertythatcanbepresumedtobedesertedanintenttorelinquishpossessio

21、ncontrolcanbeinferredfromthegeneraldisrepairlackofactivitythereonsuchthatareasonablepersoncouldbelievethattherewasanintentonthepartofthecurrentownertosurrenderrightstotheproperty.3.2.2activityuselimitations—legalphysical

22、restrictionslimitationsontheuseofaccesstoasitefacility:(1)toreduceeliminatepotentialexposuretohazardoussubstancespetroleumproductsinthesoilsoilvapgroundwatersurfacewaterontheproperty(2)topreventactivitiesthatcouldinterfe

23、rewiththeeffectivenessofaresponseactionindertoensuremaintenanceofaconditionofnosignificantrisktopublichealththeenvironment.Theselegalphysicalrestrictionswhichmayincludeinstitutionalengineeringcontrolsareintendedtoprevent

24、adverseimpactstoindividualspopulationsthatmaybeexposedtohazardoussubstancespetroleumproductsinthesoilsoilvapgroundwatersurfacewaterontheproperty.SeeNote1.NOTE1—ThetermAUListakenfromGuideE2091toincludebothlegal(thatisinst

25、itutional)physical(thatisengineering)controlswithinitsscope.Otheragenciesganizationsjurisdictionsmaydefineutilizethesetermsdifferently(fexampleEPACalifniadonotincludephysicalcontrolswithintheirdefinitionsof“institutional

26、controls.”DepartmentofDefenseInternationalCountyCityManagementAssociationuse“LUseControls.”Theterm“l(fā)userestrictions”isusedbutnotdefinedintheBrownfieldsAmendments).3.2.3actualknowledge—theknowledgeactuallypossessedbyanind

27、ividualwhoisarealpersonratherthananentity.Actualknowledgeistobedistinguishedfromconstructiveknowledgethatisknowledgeimputedtoanindividualentity.3.2.4adjoiningproperties—anyrealpropertypropertiesthebderofwhichiscontiguous

28、partiallycontiguouswiththatofthepropertythatwouldbecontiguouspartiallycontiguouswiththatofthepropertybutfastreetroadotherpublicthoughfareseparatingthem.3.2.5aerialphotographs—photographstakenfromanaerialplatfmwithsuffici

29、entresolutiontoallowidentificationofdevelopmentactivitiesofareasencompassingtheproperty.Aerialphotographsareoftenavailablefromgovernmentagenciesprivatecollectionsuniquetoalocalarea.See8.3.4.1ofthispractice.3.2.6allapprop

30、riateinquiries—thatinquiryconstitutingallappropriateinquiriesintothepreviousownershipusesofthepropertyconsistentwithgoodcommercialcustomarypracticeasdefinedinCERCLA42U.S.C9601(35)(B)thatwillqualifyapartytoacommercialreal

31、estatetransactionfoneofthethresholdcriteriafsatisfyingtheLLPstoCERCLAliability(42U.S.C9601(35)(A)9607(r))assumingcompliancewithotherelementsofthedefense.SeeAppendixX1.3.2.7approximateminimumsearchdistance—theareafwhichre

32、cdsmustbeobtainedreviewedpursuanttoSection8subjecttothelimitationsprovidedinthatsection.Thismayincludeareasoutsidethepropertyshallbemeasuredfromthenearestpropertyboundary.Thistermisusedinlieuofradiustoincludeirregularlys

33、hapedproperties.3.2.8bonafideprospectivepurchaserliabilityprotection—(42U.S.C.9607(r))—apersonmayqualifyasabonafideprospectivepurchaserifamongotherrequirementssuchpersonmade“allappropriateinquiriesintothepreviousownershi

34、pusesofthefacilityinaccdancewithgenerallyacceptedgoodcommercialcustomarystardspractices.”Knowledgeofcontaminationresultingfromallappropriateinquirieswouldnotgenerallyprecludethisliabilityprotection.Apersonmustmakeallappr

35、opriateinquiriesonbefethedateofpurchase.ThefacilitymusthavebeenpurchasedafterJanuary112002.SeeAppendixX1ftheothernecessaryrequirementsthatarebeyondthescopeofthispractice.3.2.9BrownfieldsAmendments—amendmentstoCERCLApursu

36、anttotheSmallBusinessLiabilityReliefBrownfieldsRevitalizationActPub.L.No.107118(2002)42U.S.C.9601etseq.3.2.10buildingdepartmentrecds—thoserecdsofthelocalgovernmentinwhichthepropertyislocatedindicatingpermissionofthelocal

37、governmenttoconstructalterdemolishimprovementsontheproperty.Oftenbuildingdepartmentrecdsarelocatedinthebuildingdepartmentofamunicipalitycounty.See8.3.4.7.3.2.11businessenvironmentalrisk—ariskwhichcanhaveamaterialenvironm

38、entalenvironmentallydrivenimpactonthebusinessassociatedwiththecurrentplanneduseofaparcelofcommercialrealestatenotnecessarilylimitedtothoseenvironmentalissuesrequiredtobeinvestigatedinthispractice.Considerationofbusinesse

39、nvironmentalriskissuesmayinvolveaddressingonemenonscopeconsiderationssomeofwhichareidentifiedinSection13.3.2.12commercialrealestate—anyrealpropertyexceptadwellingpropertywithnomethanfourdwellingunitsexclusivelyfresidenti

40、aluse(exceptthatadwellingpropertywithnomethanfourdwellingunitsexclusivelyfresidentialuseisincludedinthistermwhenithasacommercialfunctionasinthebuildingofsuchdwellingsfprofit).Thistermincludesbutisnotlimitedtoundevelopedr

41、ealpropertyrealpropertyusedfindustrialretailofficeagriculturalothercommercialmedicaleducationalpurposespropertyusedfresidentialpurposesthathasmethanfourresidentialdwellingunitspropertywithnomethanfourdwellingunitsfreside

42、ntialusewhenithasacommercialfunctionasinthebuildingofsuchdwellingsfprofit.3.2.13commercialrealestatetransaction—atransferoftitletopossessionofrealpropertyreceiptofasecurityinterestinrealpropertyexceptthatitdoesnotinclude

43、transferoftitletopossessionofrealpropertythereceiptofasecurityinterestinrealpropertywithrespecttoanindividualdwellingbuildingcontainingfewerthanfivedwellingunitsndoesitincludethepurchaseofalotlotstoconstructadwellingfocc