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1、Designation:E659?15StardTestMethodfAutoignitionTemperatureofChemicals1ThisstardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE659thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearofiginaladoptioninthecaseofrevisiontheyearofla

2、strevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperepsilon()indicatesaneditialchangesincethelastrevisionreapproval.INTRODUCTIONThistestmethodisoneofseveralmethodsdevelopedbyASTMCommitteeE27fdetermining

3、thehazardsofchemicals.Itisdesignedtobeusedinconjunctionwithotherteststoacterizethehazardpotentialofthechemicalundertest.1.Scope1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofhotcoolflameautoignitiontemperaturesofaliquidchemica

4、linairatatmosphericpressureinaunifmlyheatedvessel.NOTE1—Withincertainlimitationsthistestmethodcanalsobeusedtodeterminetheautoignitiontemperatureofsolidchemicalswhichreadilymeltvapizeattemperaturesbelowthetesttemperaturef

5、chemicalsthataregaseousatatmosphericpressuretemperature.NOTE2—AfteraroundrobinstudyTestMethodD2155wasdiscontinuedreplacedbyTestMethodE659in1978.SeealsoAppendixX2.1.2Thisstardshouldbeusedtomeasuredescribethepropertiesofma

6、terialsproductsassembliesinresponsetoheatflameundercontrolledlabatyconditionsshouldnotbeusedtodescribeappraisethefirehazardfireriskofmaterialsproductsassembliesunderactualfireconditions.Howeverresultsofthistestmaybeuseda

7、selementsofafireriskassessmentwhichtakesintoaccountallofthefactswhicharepertinenttoanassessmentofthefirehazardofaparticularenduse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStards:2D2155TestMethodfDeterminationofFireResistanceofAircraf

8、tHydraulicFluidsbyAutoignitionTemperatureD2883TestMethodfReactionThresholdTemperatureofLiquidSolidMaterialsE659TestMethodfAutoignitionTemperatureofLiquidChemicals3.Terminology3.1Definitions:3.1.1ignitionn—theinitiationof

9、combustion.3.1.1.1Discussion—Ignitionwhichissubjectiveisdefinedfthistestmethodastheappearanceofaflameaccompaniedbyasharpriseinthetemperatureofthegasmixture.Thedeterminationismadeintotaldarknessbecausesomeflamessuchascool

10、flamesareobservedwithdifficulty.3.1.2autoignitionn—theignitionofamaterialcommonlyinairastheresultofheatliberationduetoanexothermicoxidationreactionintheabsenceofanexternalignitionsourcesuchasasparkflame.3.1.3autoignition

11、temperaturen—theminimumtemperatureatwhichautoignitionoccursunderthespecifiedconditionsoftest.3.1.3.1Discussion—Autoignitiontemperatureisalsoreferredtoasspontaneousignitiontemperatureselfignitiontemperatureautogenousignit

12、iontemperaturebytheacronymsAITSIT.AsdeterminedbythistestmethodAITisthelowesttemperatureatwhichthesubstancewillproducehotflameignitioninairatatmosphericpressurewithouttheaidofanexternalenergysourcesuchassparkflame.Itisthe

13、lowesttemperaturetowhichacombustiblemixturemustberaisedsothattherateofheatevolvedbytheexothermicoxidationreactionwilloverbalancetherateatwhichheatislosttothesurroundingscauseignition.3.1.4coolflamen—afaintpalebluelumines

14、cenceflameoccurringbelowtheautoignitiontemperature(AIT).3.1.4.1Discussion—Coolflamesoccurinrichvapairmixturesofmosthydrocarbonsoxygenatedhydrocarbons.Theyarethefirstpartofthemultistageignitionprocess.3.1.5ignitiondelayti

15、men—thetimelapsebetweenapplicationofheattoamaterialitsignition.Itisthetimeinsecondsbetweenionofthesampleintotheflaskignition.Itismaximumattheminimumautoignitiontemperaturealsoreferredtoasignitionlag.1Thistestmethodisunde

16、rthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE27onHazardPotentialofChemicalsisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE27.04onFlammabilityIgnitabilityofChemicals.CurrenteditionapprovedSept.12015.PublishedSeptember2015.iginallyapprovedin1

17、978.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2014asE659–14.DOI:10.1520E065915.2FreferencedASTMstardsvisittheASTMwebsitewww.astm.gcontactASTMCustomerServiceat.FAnnualBookofASTMStardsvolumeinfmationrefertothestard’sDocumentSummarypage

18、ontheASTMwebsite.Copyright?ASTMInternational100BarrHarbDrivePOBoxC700WestConshohockenPA194282959.UnitedStates16.7Thermocouple—AfineChromelAlumelthermocouple(36BSgage)isusedfmeasuringthegastemperature(T)insidetheflask.Pos

19、itionthetipofthethermocoupleatthecenteroftheflask.Thermocouplesshouldbecalibratedagainststardtemperaturesastardthermocoupleshouldberecheckedfrequently.Ironconstantanthermocouplesaretobeavoidedbecausetheymaypromotecatalyt

20、icoxidationontheironoxidesurface.ExternalflasktemperaturesaremeasuredwithaNo.20BSgagefinerthermocouplemountedatthetop(t1)dle(t2)bottom(t3)oftheflask.6.8RecdingPotentiometer—Afastresponse(1slessffullscalepentravel)variabl

21、erangevariabletspeedrecdingpotentiometershallbeusedfrecdingthesignalfromtheinternalgasthermocouple(T).AnX–Yrecderhasbeenfoundsuitablefthispurpose.6.9Timer—Astopwatchelectrictimer(preferablyfootswitchoperated)calibratedin

22、0.10.2sunitsshallbeusedtodeterminethetimelagbefeignition(timeintervalbetweentheinstantofsampleionthatofignitionasevidencedbytheappearanceoftheflame).Ifvisualignitionisdifficulttoobservethetemperaturetimerecdertracemaybeu

23、sedtoestimatethetimelag.6.10Mirr—A6in.mirrothersuitablesizemountedabovetheflasksothattheobservermayseeintotheflaskwithouthavingtobedirectlyoverit.6.11HotAirGun—Asuitablehotairgunmaybeusedtopurgetheproductgasesafterareact

24、ioniscompletedbefethenexttest.Atemperaturecontrolledhotairguncanreducetestingtimeifusedtoaidinachievingthedesiredflashtemperaturebetweentrialsuponionofcleantestflasks.7.SafetyConsiderations7.1Noexplosionhazardisencounter

25、edinconductingthedeterminationasoutlinedinSection7.Howeverflamesareoccasionallyemittedwellabovethetopoftheflask.Thustheoperatshouldalwaysuseamirrfobservationoftheflaskinteri.Theuseofarightanglesyringefsolidstheuseofahold

26、erfthepowderfunnelwillremovethehsfromtheimmediatevicinityoftheflaskopening.7.2Itisrecommendedthattheapparatusbeinstalledinafumehoodbeequippedwithanexhaustducttopreventexposuretopotentiallytoxiccombustiondecompositionprod

27、ucts.Alltestswithtoxicchemicalsshouldinvolvetheuseofadequateexhaustventilation.7.3Determinationsnmallyshouldnotbemadeonpotentialknownexplosivepropellantmaterials.WheresuchAITinfmationisrequiredthedeterminationsshouldbema

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