論斯圖亞特·霍爾的文化“表征”理論及其理論實(shí)踐

1、碩士學(xué)位論文 論斯圖亞特·霍爾的文化“表征”理論及其理論實(shí)踐 摘 要I論斯圖亞特 論斯圖亞特?霍爾的文化“表征”理論及其理論實(shí)踐 霍爾的文化“表征”理論及其理論實(shí)踐導(dǎo)師：王朝元教授 學(xué)生：陳靜專(zhuān)業(yè)：美學(xué) 方向：西方美學(xué) 年級(jí)：2003 級(jí)中文摘要 中文摘要“表征” 作為當(dāng)代文化研究中的關(guān)鍵詞之一， 在文化研究中得到了廣泛的運(yùn)用和實(shí)踐，以之為中心也形成了許多相關(guān)的理論。其中斯圖亞特·霍爾對(duì)“表征”的論述堪稱(chēng)代表。他從馬

2、克思主義生產(chǎn)循環(huán)觀出發(fā)，探討了文化循環(huán)的模式，并將“表征”看作文化循環(huán)的主要環(huán)節(jié)加以論述。他指出， “表征”通過(guò)符號(hào)的意指性實(shí)踐來(lái)生產(chǎn)意義，構(gòu)成了個(gè)體對(duì)于世界的意義系統(tǒng)，并且使得同文化中的個(gè)體以及不同文化的個(gè)體之間達(dá)成意義的交流，從這點(diǎn)來(lái)說(shuō)， “表征”構(gòu)建了我們的意義世界。 “表征”的具體運(yùn)作方式有三種：反映論的、意向性的和構(gòu)成主義的。 霍爾著重論述了構(gòu)成主義的兩種途徑——符號(hào)學(xué) （語(yǔ)言學(xué)） 和 “話語(yǔ)” 。前者主要植根于索緒爾語(yǔ)言學(xué)到

3、羅蘭·巴特“神話”的語(yǔ)言學(xué)/符號(hào)學(xué)傳統(tǒng)，從符號(hào)的角度闡釋文化和表征，是一種“詩(shī)學(xué)” ；后者則是從?？碌摹霸捳Z(yǔ)”理論出發(fā)，探討了知識(shí)與權(quán)力的關(guān)系，認(rèn)為話語(yǔ)建構(gòu)了意義以及有效的主體-位置，而無(wú)所不在的彌散的權(quán)力是隱藏在意義背后的動(dòng)力和深層原因。 這是對(duì) “表征” 的后果和影響的考察， 是一種 “政治學(xué)” 。同時(shí)，霍爾還指出，表征與意識(shí)形態(tài)有著密切的聯(lián)系，而這點(diǎn)是被?？滤雎粤说?。將意識(shí)形態(tài)被引入“表征”理論之中，是霍爾對(duì)庸俗馬克思

4、主義意識(shí)形態(tài)理論及經(jīng)濟(jì)決定論的自覺(jué)抵抗和批判，體現(xiàn)了“表征”理論鮮明的文化政治色彩。從霍爾的理論整體來(lái)看， “表征”理論的提出與他對(duì)“接合”的看法有著重要的關(guān)系。這主要體現(xiàn)在： “表征”與“接合”都是根源于馬克思主義傳統(tǒng)之中，通過(guò)對(duì)葛蘭西主義、語(yǔ)言學(xué)、結(jié)構(gòu)主義、文化人類(lèi)學(xué)等多種理論的吸收、利用，而不斷成熟的； “表征”理論的核心問(wèn)題也就是馬克思主義的核心問(wèn)題； “表征”理論本身也可視為一種理論的“接合”實(shí)踐：它的形成也體現(xiàn)了從文化主義范

5、式到結(jié)構(gòu)主義范式再到“葛蘭西轉(zhuǎn)向”的一種自覺(jué)地歷史選擇。而霍爾的“接合”理論也正是對(duì)葛蘭西意義上的、拉克勞等提出的“接合”理論的開(kāi)創(chuàng)性發(fā)展，其被表征的過(guò)程本身也是一個(gè)不斷“接合”的過(guò)程。 “接合”理論不僅為文化研究提供了一種分析對(duì)象“語(yǔ)境化”的方法，也為“表征”理論提供了一種實(shí)踐的前提和場(chǎng)所，并保證了“表征”的生產(chǎn)與再生產(chǎn)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。兩者無(wú)論從理論內(nèi)涵還是在實(shí)踐過(guò)程中，都是相互交織、彼此重疊的。庵彩即鈮尤謦碩士學(xué)位論文 論斯圖亞特·

6、;霍爾的文化“表征”理論及其理論實(shí)踐 摘 要IIIAbstractAs one of the keywords in the contemporary cultural studies, ‘ representation’is widelyemployed and practiced, around which many correlative theories has been formed. Stuart Hall’ sdiscus

7、sion about it can be the representative. He not only discussed the model of the circuit ofculture in view of the Marxist production circulation, but also seemed ‘representation’ as theprimary site of the cultural circuit

8、. He pointed out that ‘representation’ produced meaning bythe signifying practices of the signs，constructed the systems of the meaning of the world toperson and made the meaning communicated between the persons in same c

9、ulture or differentcultures. In this sense, ‘ representation’constructs our world of meaning. There are threeapproaches to ‘ representation’ : reflective, intentional and constructionist. Hall emphasized thesemiotic and

10、the discursive approaches in the constructionist approach to “ representation” . Theprevious one which has been called its ‘ poetics’ provides one general model of how culture andrepresentation work , rooting in the trad

11、ition that begin with the linguistics of Saussure and bedeveloped by the mythology of Barthes; the latter one is more concerned with the effects andconsequences of representation — its ‘ politics’ and discuss the relatio

12、ns between the discourses/knowledge which construct meaning and the effective subject- position , and the dispersive powerwhich is the drive and the deep- seated causation of meaning through the discourses theory ofFouca

13、ult. Hall also points that ‘ representation’ties up with ideology which is neglected byFoucault. By jointing the ideology with ‘ representation’ , Hall consciously resist on the vulgarMarxist and economic determinism. So

14、 the theory of representation presents the sense of culturalpolitics.With a view to the whole theories of hall, we will find the theory of representation tightly linkswith the thinking of the ‘ articulation’ . The two th

15、eories both root in the Marxist tradition andconstantly grown up by drawing on and using the various theories of Gramscian, linguistics,constructionist and cultural anthropology; the central problems of ‘ representation’

16、also are ofMarxist; the theory of ‘ representation’ can be seen as the practice of the ‘ articulation’ ; it showsthe consciously historic choices from the paradigm of culturalism to the paradigm ofconstructionist and to

17、Gramscian turn. The theory of in Hall just is the innovative envelopmentof the theory of articulation which is based on Gramsci and brought forward Laclau. The processthat the theory of articulation is represented is als