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1、東北師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文放牧家畜(牛)在植物個(gè)體與斑塊水平采食行為的研究姓名:周艷春申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士專(zhuān)業(yè):生態(tài)學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師:王德利20050501AbstractTheforaginglocationofinthepatchandnonpatchareainshorttermwasstudiedwithcattleasexperimentalanimalinthetarg武edgrazingsystemLeymuscheninsisme
2、adowMoreoverforagingstrategiesofcattle,whichwasexpectedtoprovidetheoreticalbasefortheoriesofforagingbehaviouranddecision—makinggistofgrasslandgrazingmanagesystemwasinvestigatedbasedontheparametersofforagingbehaviorsuchas
3、bitesize,intake,intakerateandforagingtimeResultsoftheexperimentwereasfollows:(11CatticforagedintheplantpatchiftherewaspatchintheplantcommunityForagingtimewasshortinthenonpatchareabecausetherewasanecessaryprocessforanimal
4、toadaptivetostrangeenvironment(2)ForagingbehaviourofcattlewasinfluencedbythenumberofpatchinplantcommunityTheshiftfrequencybetweenthepatchareaandthenonpatchareaincreasedwitlltheriseofthenumberofthepatchHowevercattlespentm
5、uchtimeonforaginginthepatchareas,especiallythelargerpatchwhentheyfirstemeredtheexperimentalplots(3)Bitesizeintakeandintakeratedecreasedwiththeextensionofthepatchareainthepatcharea’butreverseinthenonpatchareaButthebitesiz
6、etendedtodecreasewhenthepatchareawentbeyondthelimitationof100m。Tbtalforagingbitesofcattleincreasedwiththeextensionofthepatchareabutdi任jrentinthenonpatchareaandinthepatchareaBiresizesofcattledecreasedwiththeeniargememofpa
7、tchareainnonpatchareabutinthepatchareawereonthecontraryTherewerenosignificantdifferencesforforagingtimeandbiterateamongdifierentexperimentalplots,whichindicatingthattheforagingtimeofcattlewasrelativelystablef4)cattictend
8、edtofoeusonthelargerpatchwhenthenumberofthepatchincreasedtherebytookmuchtimeonforaginginlargerpatchandhadthelargerbitesCattledidnotforagedontheothersmallerpatchwhenthepatchesexceededthreeinshorttermTotalbitesizeofcattlei
9、nallexperimentalplotsincreasedwhenthesizeofthepatchincrcasedas280686694and8869Foragingtimethat也ecattlespentindifferentexperimentalplotswassimilarMOleOV%thebiterateincreasedwiththeriseofthenumberofthepatchanditreachedtheh
10、i商estvalue(O88b/s)intheplantcommunitywithfivepatchesIntakerate(71071738421791247879)andbitesizen894385577489/曲alsoincreased謝ththeincreaseofnumberofpatch(5)Biterateofcattlef092b/s)waslargerintheplantcommunity、vithmiddlede
11、nseandwithlowergrasspatchAndbiteratef062b心waslowestintheplantcommunitywithlessdenseandhighergrassBiterateofcattleishighestinthemoderaterelativebiomassofdominantspeciespatch(6)Foragingstrategiesofcattlewerethatthecattlema
12、inlyforagedinthepatchareaandtheirforagingtimeandbitesincreasedgraduallywimtheerdargementofthepatchareaCattlealsoforagedinothersmailerpatchbesidestheymorefavoredthelargerpatchifthereweremanypatehesforcattletochooseBasedon
13、“patchsize”theauthorputforwardtheforagingstrategiesofcattleandperfectedthetheoryofR工f71So,inordertoincreasetheintakepeopleshouldenhanceswarddensityinthecourseofplantinggrassandpayattentiontouniformityofswardKeywords:catt
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