2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題(含答案詳解+作文范文)_第1頁
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1、南京師范大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文外來植物物種的入侵機(jī)制及其對生境特征的響應(yīng)姓名:齊相貞申請學(xué)位級別:博士專業(yè):自然地理學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師:林振山20070501南京師范大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文齊相貞:外來植物物種的入侵機(jī)制及其對生境特征的響應(yīng)Abstract鈉tIlincreasingeconomic,tradingtravelingandotherhumanactivities。invasionsofexoticspecieshasbecomeoneofth

2、emostimportantglobalscaleproblems,whichnotnolyaltersecologicalfunctioningandthreatensbiodiversitybutalsocauseshugeeconomiclossesandecologicalthreatsMorethan50yearshavepasthoweverbiologicalinvasionsarestillscarceofuniform

3、theoreticalandpredictive自vdl/leResearchesonbiologicalinvasionsaremainlydiscussedbytwoanglesonefocusesonthreekeyproblemsonbiologicalinvasions,iespeciesinvasiveness,invisibilityofcommunityandpest(impact);theotheremphasizes

4、theinvasionprocessbyexoticspeciesiefourstagesofintroduction,establishment,spreadandstabilization(impact/pest),whichmakestheresearchoninvasionmechanismmucheasierHowever)tllesestudiesonspeciesinvasionshavetendedtofocusonsp

5、eciesthataremorelikelytobesuccessfulcolonizersthanthosethatquicklydisappearfromtheinvadedcommunitesAdditionallysurviorsproducinghiglllyvisibleecologicalandeconomicimpactsaremorelikelytobestudiedthaninconspicuousorinnocuo

6、usspeciesGiventhistendencyfailedornonvisiblecolonistsareunderrecorded,andthiscreatesasignificantbiasinthedataoninvasivespeciesSointhispaperinvasionmechanismbyexoticspecieswasinvestigatedbydiffertiatingexoticclonalplantsp

7、ecies(rhizomaticplantandstoloniferousplant)andexoticsexualplantspeciesproducingslightandsmallseedsThestudynotonlycanexhibitvariouslifehistorytraitsandspatialpatternsoftwoplanttypes,butalsocaninvolvethe‘“threefocus’’and“f

8、ourstages’involvedinbiologicalinvasionsAlsothemodelresultsaretestedbypopulationdynamicsofexoticspeciesSpartinaalterniflorathroughindoorexp嘶ment,fieldinvestigationsanddataanalysis,whichaccordswellInnovativemodels,biologic

9、alinvasiondisturbancemodelandcellularautomatamodel,walesetupinthepaperwhichprinciplydisclosedthemechanismsofbiologicalinvasionsandresponsetovarioushabitattraitsSixconclusionscanbedrawnbyagreatdealofnumericalsimulations,t

10、heoreticalanalysisandfieldinvestigations:1)Exoticspeciesinvasionscanresultinoneofthefollowingfourpossibilitiesaccordingtovariousdispersalabilities:a)rejectionfuilme,”coexistencec)indirectfailureandd)rejection;2)Theoptima

11、lspreadofexoticclonalplantisin6directions;3)Superiorexoticspeciescannotnecessarillyinvadenativeecosystem,whichisassociatedwithbiologycharacteristicsandhabitatconditionsbesidesdispersalabilitiesInvirtueofclonaladvantage,i

12、nferiorexoticspeciesc勰precolonizeavailablehabitat(Firstcolonize,firstdeveloprule)Andacertainhabitatincreaseandhabitatdestructioncanclearoffabilityofcompetition;4)Effectofhabitatdestructiononexoticspeciesinvasionsisdeterm

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