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1、<p>  畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計(jì))外文翻譯</p><p><b>  一、外文原文</b></p><p>  標(biāo)題:Principles of corporate rebranding</p><p><b>  原文:</b></p><p>  Literature review<

2、/p><p>  In corporate branding, major classic works include Olins (1978, 1994), Gregory (1991),Dowling (1994), Fombrun (1996) and Ind (1997). Although invaluable and creative, they tend to follow a relatively t

3、raditional marketing communication and planning framework. More recent books (Balmer and Greyser, 2003; Olins, 2003; Ind, 2004; Schultz et al., 2005; Schroeder and Salzer-Morling, 2006; de Chernatony, 2006) have focused

4、on nuances such as living the brand, the role of experiences and internal brand</p><p>  Although we refer to corporate brands, very similar properties apply to organisational brands, service brands (Berry,

5、2000; de Chernatony and Segal-Horn, 2003; de Chernatony et al., 2005) and retailer brands (Birtwistle and Freathy, 1998; Burt and Sparks, 2002; Davies and Chun, 2002; Merrilees and Fry, 2002; Ailawadi and Keller, 2004),

6、with a high degree of interchangeability across the terms. One way of summarizing the corporate brand literature is to contrast the nature of corporate brands wit</p><p>  Most relevant literature deals with

7、 specific issues such as the potential gap between the espoused corporate brand and the actual brand image stakeholders may have of a company (Davies and Chun, 2002). However, Knox and Bickerton (2003) and Hatch and Shul

8、tz (2001, 2003) give useful frameworks for integrating components of corporate branding.</p><p>  Corporate rebranding can be contrasted to corporate branding, which refers to the initial coherent articulati

9、on of the corporate brand and can occur at any time. Corporate rebranding refers to the disjunction or change between an initially formulated corporate brand and a new formulation. The change in brand vision can be refer

10、red to as brand revision. The process of executing the revision throughout the organization would most likely require a change management process. With corporate branding,</p><p>  Shifting focus from corpor

11、ate branding to corporate rebranding, we find less research or consensus. An early academic paper on rebranding was Berry’s (1988) summary of Ogilvy and Mather’s brand revitalization program. A common trigger for revital

12、izing brands is under-performance (Kapferer, 1997). Using renaming, a narrow approach to rebranding, both Muzellec et al. (2003) and Muzellec and Lambkin (2006) found that structural factors such as mergers and acquisiti

13、ons were the main drivers of rebra</p><p>  Four academic case studies make major contributions to understanding corporate rebranding. Ewing et al. (1995) studied the rebranding of Mazda (South Africa) with

14、a change from a narrow focus on durability and reliability to a more complex and differentiating set of core values – quality, technology and excitement. The main lessons were the needs for sensitivity to the existing cu

15、stomer base, strong advertising, and for internal branding within the dealer network. These lessons were packaged as </p><p>  Schultz and Hatch (2003) provide insights into the development processes underta

16、ken by the LEGO Group in their corporate rebranding. The new brand values were articulated and followed by the interplay between the organizational culture and communicated image. The corporate brand traveled through a c

17、omplex set of cycles in its new formulation, including the linkage across the three main elements (vision, culture, image), plus the involvement of all stakeholders and the integration of the three el</p><p>

18、;  Finally, Merrilees (2005) analyzed the rebranding of Canadian Tire, a major auto and leisure goods retailer, in response to competitive pressures. The study highlighted the roles of qualitative and quantitative market

19、 research, and company intuition to guide the new brand vision. Stakeholder management with staff, dealers, suppliers and management was featured, as was the role of a creative integrated marketing communication advertis

20、ing strategy. The lessons were built into a theoretical framewo</p><p>  In summary, the current status of corporate rebranding theory is construed as an amalgam of the three dominant themes from the four ca

21、se studies. Theme 1 is the need to re-vision the brand based on a solid understanding of the consumer, to meet both existing and anticipated needs. Theme 2 is the use of internal marketing or internal branding to ensure

22、commitment of the relevant stakeholders. Theme 3 features the role of advertising and other marketing mix elements in the implementation phase. Th</p><p>  Extending the theory of corporate rebranding</p&

23、gt;<p>  Theories can be developed or extended using typologies (Doty and Glick, 1994), propositions or principles (Kohli and Jaworksi, 1990) or case research (Eisenhardt, 1989; Yin, 2004). We used the latter two

24、theory-building approaches to extend corporate rebranding theory. The current theory is broad and not coded comprehensively. The more detailed a theory, the more amenable it is to evaluation and testing. Either propositi

25、ons or principles could facilitate framing the theory more tightly, though p</p><p>  Principle 1</p><p>  Designing a suitable brand vision for the corporate rebrand should balance the need to

26、continue to satisfy the core ideology of the corporate brand, yet progress the brand so it remains relevant to contemporary conditions.</p><p>  The first principle reflects the paradox that all corporate re

27、branding exercises should balance remaining the same with moving forwards. Several studies support this approach. Collins and Porras (1997) compared “visionary” companies with a matched sample of other organizations in t

28、he same industry. </p><p>  The interplay between core and progress is one of the most important findings from our work. Indeed,core ideology and the drive for progress exist together in a visionary company,

29、 like yin and yang of Chinese dualistic philosophy; each element enables, complements and reinforces the other (Collins and Porras, 1997, p. 85).</p><p>  We interpret this finding as affirming the benefits

30、of combining strong branding (through the core values) and innovation (through investment and change), creating a synergistic relationship between strong brands and innovation. One fashion company reports that brand mana

31、gement is an evolving process “ensuring continuity and consistency” with “innovation, collaboration and vision at the heart of any good company” (Oroton, 2002, p. 5). Several studies identify the danger of strong brands

32、doing so</p><p>  Principle 2</p><p>  Successful corporate rebranding may require retaining at least some core or peripheral brand concepts to build a bridge from the existing corporate brand t

33、o the revised corporate brand.</p><p>  There is always pressure to refresh the brand to maintain contemporary relevance. Nonetheless, maintaining a nexus between the existing and the revised corporate brand

34、 is vital. Kapferer (1997, p. 334) argues that traces of corporate brand memory should not be abandoned when the brand is revised. These traces provide legitimacy to all customers and help make the revised brand acceptab

35、le. Keller (2003, pp. 651-3) cites Adidas choosing to return to their roots to recapture lost brand equity. This </p><p>  Principle 3</p><p>  Successful corporate rebranding may require meetin

36、g the needs of new market segments relative to the segments supporting the existing brand.</p><p>  In re-visioning the corporation, the corporate rebranding may need to tap into new market segments or even

37、new markets (Kapferer, 1997, p. 334). Added new attributes could satisfy a new segment, like a need for a more socially responsible company. Growing the brand might require tapping into additional target markets with dif

38、ferent needs from the original brand customer base. The emergence of new market segments reflects the natural evolution of markets over time and the need to keep brands with</p><p>  These first three princi

39、ples of corporate rebranding build on the existing literature and focus on re-creating the brand vision to suit a more contemporary market. The existing theory of corporate rebranding covers not just brand re-visioning b

40、ut also internal branding and brand strategy implementation. Formulating another three principles adds specificity to these latter two stages of corporate rebranding.</p><p>  Principle 4</p><p>

41、;  A company applying a high level of brand orientation through communication, training and internal marketing is more likely to have effective corporate rebranding.</p><p>  Brand orientation occurs when th

42、e brand is core to the essence of the company and its strategies, that is, when all stakeholders (especially employees) have ownership of the brand and live the brand in their daily script (Urde, 1999). Other literature

43、supports the brand orientation concept (see Macrae, 1996; Upshaw and Taylor, 2000; Wong and Merrilees, 2005). Stuart and Muzellec (2004) and Kaikati (2003) also emphasize the need for stakeholder “buy-in”. Principle 4 ac

44、tualizes the internal brandi</p><p>  Principle 5</p><p>  A successful company having a high level of integration and coordination of all aspects of the marketing mix, with each brand element a

45、ligned to the corporate brand concept in its corporate rebranding strategy implementation, is more likely to have effective corporate rebranding.</p><p>  Companies should implement a corporate rebranding st

46、rategy methodically. All parts of the strategy, including product or service design, customer service, distribution, pricing and relationship management, must be integrated. That is, each brand element representing each

47、component of the marketing or retail mix should be directly linked (aligned) to the brand concept. Lindstro¨m and Andersen (1999) strongly advocate the notion of precise alignment between brand element and brand con

48、cept. Kaikati</p><p>  Principle 6</p><p>  Promotion is needed to make stakeholders aware of the revised brand, with possible additional benefits if non mass media are included in the promotion

49、 mix.</p><p>  Although advertising is a natural choice for large firms, budget considerations require consideration of more direct promotional methods, including public relations. Public relations may have

50、a comparative advantage when the goal is to change attitudes, such as a social campaign or indeed changing brands (rebranding). Virgin is noted for its breakthrough stunts in creating awareness for new initiatives. A num

51、ber of companies have used non mass-media promotion as a medium to a stronger brand posi</p><p>  Principle 6 shows the need to communicate the new brand to the stakeholders. Moreover, non-mass methods are p

52、otentially effective in communicating the new brand. However, recognizing the effectiveness of interactivity between staff and customers in rebranding may just be the start in achieving greater involvement of stakeholder

53、s. Further, in some cases the rebranding may be initiated or led from the consumer, such as the Dunlop Volley case, leading Beverland and Ewing (2005) to suggest that bran</p><p><b>  出處:</b><

54、/p><p>  Bill Merrilees and Dale Miller.Principles of corporate rebranding[J]. European Journal of Marketing. Vol. 42 No. 5/6, 2008, pp.537-552.</p><p><b>  二、翻譯文章</b></p><p&

55、gt;  標(biāo)題:企業(yè)重塑品牌的原則</p><p><b>  譯文:</b></p><p><b>  企業(yè)重塑品牌的原則</b></p><p>  ——比爾梅里斯和戴爾米勒</p><p><b>  文獻(xiàn)綜述</b></p><p>  在企業(yè)

56、品牌建設(shè)方面,主要的經(jīng)典作品包括奧林斯(1978年,1994年),格雷戈里(1991),道林(1994),F(xiàn)ombrun(1996年)和工業(yè)(1997)。雖然寶貴并具有創(chuàng)造性,但是他們傾向于遵循一種相對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)傳播和規(guī)劃框架。許多最近的圖書(shū)(巴爾默和Greyser,2003;奧林斯,2003;工業(yè),2004;舒爾茨等人,2005;施羅德和Salzer-Morling,2006;德Chernatony,2006年)的重點(diǎn)是生活的細(xì)微差別

57、,如品牌的生存,經(jīng)驗(yàn)的角色和內(nèi)部的品牌。關(guān)于本專(zhuān)題雜志最近的特別問(wèn)題已經(jīng)延長(zhǎng)了辯論(舒爾茨和de Chernatony,2002;巴爾梅爾,2003;。巴爾默等,2006;;Melewar和Karaosmanoglu,2006)。</p><p>  雖然我們指出企業(yè)品牌非常適用于組織品牌,服務(wù)品牌(貝里,2000年; de Chernatony and Segal-Horn,2003;de Chernatony

58、等人,2005年)和零售商品牌(伯特威斯?fàn)柡虵reathy,1998年;Burt and Sparks,戴維斯和駿,2002年;Merrilees and Fry,2002年;Ailawadi和Keller,2004);在整個(gè)條款中有高度的互換性。其中總結(jié)了企業(yè)品牌的發(fā)展道路是指把產(chǎn)品品牌和企業(yè)品牌進(jìn)行對(duì)比。首先,在企業(yè)品牌中組織的功能表現(xiàn)得更加強(qiáng)大、明確(哈奇和Schultz,2003)。文化和結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)于企業(yè)品牌來(lái)說(shuō)是至關(guān)重要的,而不是

59、簡(jiǎn)單地執(zhí)行的原因,而是作為一個(gè)品牌本質(zhì)的重要組成部分。另一種方式表達(dá)了組織方面是強(qiáng)調(diào)在企業(yè)品牌建設(shè)中內(nèi)部流程和內(nèi)部品牌的角色(伯格斯特龍等,2002;新聞出版總署和Merrilees,2006;;Vallaster和de Chernatony,2006)。其次,企業(yè)的品牌很可能是更為重要的并具有戰(zhàn)略意義的,它們被更高層次的管理者控制,如行政總裁(哈奇和Schultz,2003)。第三,企業(yè)的品</p><p> 

60、 很多的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)解決了具體的問(wèn)題,如一個(gè)公司的品牌擁有者和品牌形象的利益相關(guān)者之間可能會(huì)有潛在的差距(戴維斯和駿,2002)。但是,諾克斯和比克頓(2003年)和Hatch和舒爾茨(2001年,2003年)在品牌建設(shè)中的整合給予了更有用的框架。</p><p>  企業(yè)重塑品牌與公司原有品牌是相對(duì)而言的,這是指主動(dòng)迎合公司的品牌需要,而且任何時(shí)候都可能發(fā)生。企業(yè)品牌重塑是指在制定新的企業(yè)品牌和配方之間的析取和變化

61、。在品牌視覺(jué)方面的變化可以被稱(chēng)為品牌的修訂,執(zhí)行整個(gè)組織的修訂過(guò)程很可能需要一個(gè)變更管理的過(guò)程。隨著企業(yè)品牌建設(shè)的發(fā)展,組織方面的問(wèn)題很可能涉及一些變化,但重點(diǎn)是讓單位堅(jiān)持一貫的政策和程序的規(guī)范(例如普通信紙或名片,或顏色的使用)的。然而,隨著企業(yè)的品牌重塑,各單位需要從一個(gè)心態(tài)/文化移動(dòng)到另一個(gè)。</p><p>  在重點(diǎn)從企業(yè)品牌建設(shè)轉(zhuǎn)移到企業(yè)品牌重塑品牌過(guò)程中,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)研究或共識(shí)較少。早先更名的學(xué)術(shù)論文是

62、Berry的(1988)和Mather奧美的品牌振興計(jì)劃的概要。為了振興品牌而引起的一個(gè)常見(jiàn)觸發(fā)是低成就的(Kapferer,1997)。使用重命名是一種更狹窄的進(jìn)行品牌重塑的方法,Muzellec等(2003年)和Muzellec和Lambkin(2006)發(fā)現(xiàn)例如兼并和收購(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)性因素引起的品牌重塑、品牌形象的改善,排名較低。在我們聚焦品牌重塑成功因素之前,我們注意到Stuart和Muzellec的(2004年)品牌重塑說(shuō)法未必是對(duì)

63、一些問(wèn)題的解決。他們認(rèn)為,品牌重塑的考慮因素包括對(duì)潛在利益的綜合性評(píng)估、所能代表含義的清晰表白以及對(duì)核心股東對(duì)此重塑改變的理解和支持。</p><p>  四個(gè)學(xué)年的個(gè)案研究對(duì)于品牌重塑的理解作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。尤因等人 (1995年)研究了馬自達(dá)(南非)品牌重塑,由一個(gè)狹窄的耐用性和可靠性焦點(diǎn)更改到一個(gè)更加復(fù)雜和分化的核心價(jià)值觀,質(zhì)量,技術(shù)和興奮。主要的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是針對(duì)現(xiàn)有客戶群的敏感性,采用強(qiáng)大的廣告,并挖掘在內(nèi)部的品

64、牌經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商網(wǎng)絡(luò)的需求。這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)組成了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)計(jì)劃的框架。</p><p>  Schultz和哈奇(2003)在樂(lè)高集團(tuán)進(jìn)行品牌重塑的發(fā)展過(guò)程中,提出了深刻的見(jiàn)解。新的品牌價(jià)值闡述了組織文化之間的相互作用和溝通形象。企業(yè)品牌在它新周期中要經(jīng)歷一系列復(fù)雜的過(guò)程,其中包括在三個(gè)(視覺(jué),文化,形象)主要因素之間的聯(lián)系,再加上所有利益相關(guān)者的參與和整合的三個(gè)要素。有趣的是,舒爾茨和Hatch (2003年)的總結(jié)出如

65、果要獲得成功的企業(yè)品牌重塑需要提出解決方案。最終,美林證券對(duì)一家大型汽車(chē)和休閑商品零售商——加拿大輪胎公司進(jìn)行品牌重塑的分析,以此應(yīng)對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力。這項(xiàng)研究突出了定性和定量市場(chǎng)調(diào)查的作用,并通過(guò)公司直覺(jué)來(lái)指導(dǎo)新的品牌愿景。利益相關(guān)者與員工,經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商,供應(yīng)商和經(jīng)營(yíng)管理為特色,這就是一個(gè)創(chuàng)意整合營(yíng)銷(xiāo)傳播廣告策略的角色。這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)構(gòu)成了一個(gè)理論框架的基礎(chǔ),改變由利益相關(guān)者的品牌愿景,以品牌為主導(dǎo)的承諾,三個(gè)階段的進(jìn)程,并實(shí)施品牌戰(zhàn)略,包括廣告和營(yíng)銷(xiāo)組

66、合的其他變化,聯(lián)系到新的品牌價(jià)值。</p><p>  總之,企業(yè)品牌重塑理論當(dāng)前的狀態(tài)被解釋為作為三個(gè)主要的四個(gè)案例研究主題的混合體。主題1是在以消費(fèi)者對(duì)品牌的深刻理解的基礎(chǔ)上重新設(shè)想需要,以滿足現(xiàn)有和預(yù)期的需求。主題二是內(nèi)部使用或內(nèi)部的品牌營(yíng)銷(xiāo),以確保有關(guān)利益相關(guān)者的承諾。主題3功能的廣告和其他營(yíng)銷(xiāo)組合要素在實(shí)施階段的作用。這些主題為企業(yè)品牌重塑提供了一個(gè)有益的、廣泛的理論框架。</p><

67、;p>  擴(kuò)大企業(yè)品牌重塑的理論</p><p>  理論可發(fā)展或延申到應(yīng)用類(lèi)學(xué)科(多蒂和格里克,1994年),命題或原則(Kohli和Jaworksi,1990)或個(gè)案研究(艾森哈特,1989年;尹,2004)。我們使用后兩種理論建設(shè)的方法來(lái)擴(kuò)展品牌重塑理論。目前理論是廣闊的而且不全面的。理論越詳細(xì),對(duì)其評(píng)估和測(cè)試就越合適。無(wú)論是命題或原則都能促進(jìn)更緊密的理論框架,但規(guī)則之所以被選擇是因?yàn)樗?jiǎn)潔明練,于是

68、六項(xiàng)原則就產(chǎn)生了。企業(yè)品牌人員在面臨一些決策的時(shí)候,原則上允許他們擁有更多的酌情決定權(quán)。這一特征在第一的原則中非常地明顯,建立以文獻(xiàn)為指導(dǎo)原則是一種有益的編碼方法。在這項(xiàng)研究中,原則1,第2和第3指的是修改的設(shè)想,原則4,以實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)部支持或進(jìn)程“買(mǎi)進(jìn)”,以新的視野和原則5和6,實(shí)施新的企業(yè)品牌戰(zhàn)略。</p><p><b>  原則1</b></p><p>  為企業(yè)

69、的品牌重塑設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)合適的品牌視覺(jué)應(yīng)該平衡需求以繼續(xù)滿足企業(yè)品牌核心理念,但進(jìn)步的品牌仍舊要與現(xiàn)代條件相符合。</p><p>  第一項(xiàng)原則反映的是所有的企業(yè)重塑工作與其未來(lái)的發(fā)展如何平衡的矛盾。幾項(xiàng)研究支持這種做法??铝炙购蚉orras(1997)把在同一行業(yè)中一系列“高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚”的案例公司聯(lián)系起來(lái)。他們發(fā)現(xiàn):</p><p>  核心和進(jìn)步之間的相互作用,是在我們的工作中最重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一

70、。確實(shí),核心思想和進(jìn)步的驅(qū)動(dòng)器同時(shí)存在于一個(gè)有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)的公司,如中國(guó)哲學(xué)的陰陽(yáng)二元,每個(gè)元素都能補(bǔ)充和加強(qiáng)另一個(gè)(柯林斯和Porras,1997年,第85頁(yè))。</p><p>  我們把這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)理解為相結(jié)合的強(qiáng)大的品牌(通過(guò)核心價(jià)值觀)和創(chuàng)新(通過(guò)投資和變化)所帶來(lái)的好處,創(chuàng)建一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的品牌和創(chuàng)新之間的協(xié)同關(guān)系的利益這一結(jié)論。公司報(bào)告說(shuō),一種時(shí)尚品牌管理是一個(gè)不斷發(fā)展的過(guò)程“確保連續(xù)性和一致性”與“創(chuàng)新,協(xié)作和遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)

71、處于任何好公司的核心”(Oroton,2002年,第5頁(yè))。幾項(xiàng)研究證明這樣做很好,他們有強(qiáng)大的品牌慣性危險(xiǎn),抵制創(chuàng)新,無(wú)意中邀請(qǐng)對(duì)手隨著時(shí)間的推移(克里斯滕森,1997年)跟上領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。該解決方案是品牌領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人愿意不斷創(chuàng)新,這必然要求可持續(xù)發(fā)展的企業(yè)品牌重塑。</p><p><b>  原則2</b></p><p>  成功的企業(yè)品牌重塑可能至少需要保留一些核心的或

72、外在的品牌概念,建立一個(gè)從現(xiàn)有企業(yè)品牌到修訂后的企業(yè)品牌的橋梁。</p><p>  總是有壓力要去刷新品牌以維持當(dāng)代意義。盡管如此,保持現(xiàn)有品牌和經(jīng)修訂的企業(yè)品牌之間的關(guān)系是至關(guān)重要的。Kapferer(1997,第334頁(yè))認(rèn)為,企業(yè)品牌的記憶痕跡不應(yīng)該放棄當(dāng)品牌被修訂后。這些痕跡對(duì)所有客戶提供合法性,并有助于使修正后的品牌可以接受。凱勒(2003年,頁(yè)651—3)引用阿迪達(dá)斯選擇回到自己的根源,奪回失去的品

73、牌資產(chǎn)。這一原則表明,更名是一個(gè)漸進(jìn)的變化過(guò)程,而不是一個(gè)徹底的改變,必須從新的視覺(jué)配方設(shè)計(jì)水平的變化管理方面的考慮開(kāi)始。原則2的間接支持來(lái)自品牌延伸理論。來(lái)自成功的品牌延伸的含義從一個(gè)方面成功地轉(zhuǎn)讓到另一個(gè)品牌,而品牌重塑是從一個(gè)到另一個(gè)傳輸時(shí)間的意義。</p><p><b>  原則3</b></p><p>  成功的企業(yè)品牌重塑可能需要滿足新的細(xì)分市場(chǎng)相對(duì)于

74、部分支持現(xiàn)有的品牌。</p><p>  在重新遠(yuǎn)景規(guī)劃的公司,公司品牌重塑可能需要開(kāi)拓新的細(xì)分市場(chǎng),甚至(Kapferer,1997年,第334頁(yè))新市場(chǎng)。增加了新的屬性能夠滿足一個(gè)新的領(lǐng)域,就像是一個(gè)更需要社會(huì)責(zé)任感的公司。成長(zhǎng)中的品牌可能需要從原來(lái)的品牌與客戶群的不同需求挖掘到更多的目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)。新的市場(chǎng)細(xì)分的出現(xiàn)反映了市場(chǎng)的自然演變,需要跟上現(xiàn)代,清新的重點(diǎn)品牌。原則1表明需要平衡過(guò)去和新的消費(fèi)需求的需要,有

75、時(shí)可作為一種新的市場(chǎng)領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行編碼。例如,尤因等人(1996年)馬自達(dá)以上情況,增加了更為復(fù)雜的涉及市場(chǎng)細(xì)分,雖然這仍然要配合與更多的基本需求起始段存在。</p><p>  在這些企業(yè)品牌重塑的前三個(gè)原則基礎(chǔ)上,重點(diǎn)對(duì)現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)重新創(chuàng)建品牌愿景,以適應(yīng)更加具有現(xiàn)代化的市場(chǎng)。該公司現(xiàn)有的品牌重塑理論不僅包括品牌的重新遠(yuǎn)景規(guī)劃,而且包括內(nèi)部的品牌和品牌戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施。制定另外的三項(xiàng)增加品牌重塑后兩個(gè)階段的原則。</p

76、><p><b>  原則4</b></p><p>  一個(gè)公司通過(guò)交流,培訓(xùn)和內(nèi)部營(yíng)銷(xiāo)而達(dá)到的高水平的品牌定位可能更有效的完成企業(yè)品牌重塑。</p><p>  品牌定位發(fā)生在當(dāng)品牌是公司及其戰(zhàn)略的核心的時(shí)候,也就是說(shuō),當(dāng)所有的利益相關(guān)者(特別是雇員)有品牌的所有權(quán)和生活在他們?nèi)粘5哪_本品牌(Urde,1999)。其它文獻(xiàn)支持品牌定位的概念(見(jiàn)

77、馬克雷,1996;阿普肖和泰勒,2000;;Wong和Merrilees,2005)。斯圖爾特和Muzellec(2004年)和Kaikati(2003)也強(qiáng)調(diào),需要為利益相關(guān)者“買(mǎi)進(jìn)”。原則4 強(qiáng)調(diào)企業(yè)品牌重塑中的內(nèi)部品牌方面。Vallaster和de Chernatony(2006)強(qiáng)調(diào)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)在促進(jìn)內(nèi)部品牌的重要性。其他案例支持在企業(yè)內(nèi)部的品牌重塑品牌的作用,包括伯格斯特龍(2002)薩博的研究。Karmark(2005年)由公司提供

78、的用于幫助員工生活品牌,以及那里的品牌可能受到抵制的情況下進(jìn)行的詳細(xì)案例??傮w而言,內(nèi)部利益相關(guān)者的買(mǎi)進(jìn)是至關(guān)重要的。</p><p><b>  原則5</b></p><p>  一個(gè)成功的公司有一個(gè)高度集成和協(xié)調(diào)各方面的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)組合,以及在其公司品牌重塑戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施過(guò)程中每個(gè)品牌元素?fù)碛邢嘁恢碌钠髽I(yè)品牌概念,更可能有效地完成品牌重塑。</p><p

79、>  公司應(yīng)該有條不紊地實(shí)施企業(yè)品牌重塑的策略。該戰(zhàn)略包括產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)設(shè)計(jì),客戶服務(wù),分銷(xiāo),定價(jià)和關(guān)系管理等部分,而且必須進(jìn)行整合。也就是說(shuō),每個(gè)品牌都代表每個(gè)元素或零售的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)組合成分,應(yīng)直接鏈接(對(duì)齊)的品牌理念。Lindstrom并購(gòu)與安得森(1999)強(qiáng)烈主張品牌元素和品牌理念之間精確對(duì)準(zhǔn)的概念。Kaikati(2003年)和達(dá)利和莫洛尼(2004年)的特別是實(shí)施細(xì)節(jié)更名運(yùn)動(dòng)。戴維斯和鄧恩(2002)詳細(xì)說(shuō)明了“品牌接觸點(diǎn)”如

80、何具備可操作性。</p><p><b>  原則6</b></p><p>  促銷(xiāo)需要使利益相關(guān)者意識(shí)到品牌的修訂,以及可能的額外好處即使在促銷(xiāo)組合中沒(méi)有包括大量的媒體。</p><p>  雖然廣告是一個(gè)大公司的自然選擇,預(yù)算考慮需要更直接的宣傳方式,包括公共關(guān)系的思考。公共關(guān)系可能具有相對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)當(dāng)目標(biāo)只是改變態(tài)度得時(shí)候,比如說(shuō)一項(xiàng)社會(huì)的運(yùn)

81、動(dòng)或確實(shí)在改變品牌(貼牌)。維爾京指出了提出新倡議過(guò)程中的創(chuàng)新意識(shí)的重大突破。許多公司已經(jīng)使用非大眾媒體宣傳打造一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的品牌地位(喬治馬斯洛和阿克,1999年)。事實(shí)上,喬治馬斯洛和阿克(1999年)顯示,顧客在品牌建設(shè)過(guò)程中參與使用非大眾媒體可能特別有效。他們給出了吉百利世界如何創(chuàng)造更強(qiáng)大的品牌體驗(yàn)公園和雀巢使用卡薩巴托尼俱樂(lè)部交英國(guó)人如何煮意大利美食的例子。與此相關(guān),這些作者提供另一種非大眾媒體宣傳影響的品牌,即員工在店內(nèi)外的角色

82、,員工所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的與事業(yè)相關(guān)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)非常明顯。這些都是積極的客戶使用互動(dòng)參與的實(shí)例。</p><p>  原則6顯示了需要與新品牌的利益相關(guān)者進(jìn)行溝通。此外,非質(zhì)量的方法在新品牌的溝通方面是非常有效的。然而,認(rèn)識(shí)到在品牌重塑過(guò)程中,顧客與員工的有效互動(dòng)可能只是品牌的利益相關(guān)者取得重大參與性的開(kāi)始。在某些方面,品牌重塑可能與消費(fèi)者之間的聯(lián)系更遠(yuǎn)一些,比如說(shuō)鄧洛普排球事件,韋伯的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者藝術(shù)和尤因(2005)都表明了品牌

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