機(jī)床外文翻譯--在機(jī)床挑戰(zhàn)和機(jī)遇上磨削加工的成就及其重要性

1、<p>　　Annals of CIRP Vol.47/2/1998:p651-665</p><p>　　Grinding Process Achievements and their Consequence on Machine Tools Challenges and Opportunities</p><p>　　H.K. Toenshoff , B. Karpusche

2、wski </p><p><b>　　Abstract</b></p><p>　　The dynamic states of temperature field and temperature history of points in various model placements are investigated by simulation. It

3、has been demonstrated that the simulation results are in accordance with measurement results due to the reliable simulation method and the accurate heat model. Therefore the simulation may be studied instead of experimen

4、t.</p><p>　　Usually, crank have to be grinded using several positioning and clamping operations because of the differences in axes orientations of the main journal and the connecting rod journal. In the oper

5、ation, there are many problems such as relatively excessive errors of positioning and clamping, low productivity, large investment of equipment and workshops, long period in the adjustment of the machine tool and fixture

6、s and poor surface finish of the ground part etc.</p><p>　　Keywords Crank Coordinated grinding Grinding temperature </p><p>　　Grind-hardening is a new technology which utilizes grinding heat

7、to induce martensitic phase transformation and strengthen workpiece surface in grinding process by raising surface temperature above Ac3 instantaneously and cooling quickly. The application of this new technology can red

8、uce production cycle, improve working efficiency, and decrease manufacturing cost by integrating the two operations of grinding and surface heat treatment into one, which has the great social and economical benefits</

9、p><p>　　is only affected by cut depth, and the hardness value rises with increasing cut depth. Under the present experiment condition, the adoption of 0.4mm cut depth, 0.5m/s workpiece speed and wheel WA46L8V m

10、ay achieve good comprehensive grind-hardening results of both hardened layer thickness and surface hardness.40Cr steel and 45 steel are adopted simultaneously in the experiments to research hardening effects with differe

11、nt materials. The results show good hardened effectiveness of both materials a</p><p>　　instead of experiment.</p><p>　　Usually, crank have to be grinded using several positioning and clamping o

12、perations because of the differences in axes orientations of the main journal and the connecting rod journal. In the operation, there are many problems such as relatively excessive errors of positioning and clamping, low

13、 productivity, large investment of equipment and workshops, long period in the adjustment of the machine tool and fixtures and poor surface finish of the ground part etc. From analyzing the mentioned shortc</p>&l

14、t;p>　　在機(jī)床挑戰(zhàn)和機(jī)遇上磨削加工的成就及其重要性</p><p>　　H.K. Toenshoff , B. Karpuschewski </p><p><b>　　摘要</b></p><p>　　通過模擬，對(duì)溫度場(chǎng)的動(dòng)態(tài)狀態(tài)和各類模型植入點(diǎn)的歷史溫度進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。由此已經(jīng)證明,仿真測(cè)量的結(jié)果符合可靠的模擬方法和準(zhǔn)確的熱

15、模型。因此仿真測(cè)量可以代替實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)量。</p><p>　　通常,因?yàn)椴煌闹鬏S連桿頸軸方向的不同，曲軸磨必須使用幾個(gè)定位和固定操作。操作中有許多問題,如過度的錯(cuò)誤定位和固定、生產(chǎn)率低、大型投資的設(shè)備和車間、長(zhǎng)期的調(diào)整機(jī)床和夾具而導(dǎo)致的表面光潔度很差等。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞 曲柄 磨削協(xié)調(diào) 磨削溫度</p><p>　　磨削強(qiáng)化技術(shù)是一種新技術(shù),利用磨削熱引發(fā)

16、馬氏體相變，在磨削工件表面過程中通過提高表面溫度使其高于Ac3，并在瞬間迅速冷卻。這種新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用可以減少生產(chǎn)周期,提高工作效率,并降低生產(chǎn)成本。通過整合磨削和表面熱處理這兩個(gè)操作,具有巨大的社會(huì)效益和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。磨削強(qiáng)化實(shí)驗(yàn)是通過表面磨削方式實(shí)現(xiàn)的。結(jié)果表明,淬火工件表面由三部分組成的：硬化層、過渡層和主體層。金屬結(jié)構(gòu)部分分別是：馬氏體、馬氏體和鐵素體的混合物、鐵素體和珠光體的混合物。在實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,硬度和硬化深度的最高值分別是HV824

17、.1和1.1毫米,達(dá)到高頻淬火的目的。對(duì)于不同切割深度的正交實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)工件速度和砂輪運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)特點(diǎn)、模式的硬化效應(yīng)等影響因素進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明,通過切割深度和硬化層厚度的增加,來控制工件速度的上升和下降。白剛玉砂輪比粉色剛玉增加硬化層厚度更多,而顆粒粒度小的產(chǎn)品比粒度大的增加的硬化層厚度更多。根據(jù)影響的大小順序是切割深度、工件速度和砂輪特點(diǎn)。結(jié)果還表明,表面硬度只受到切割深度和硬度值的影響。在目前的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,采用減少深度0.4毫米、0.5 m

18、 / s工件速度和砂輪WA46L8V可能取得更好的綜合磨削強(qiáng)化硬化層厚度和表面硬</p><p>　　通常,因?yàn)椴煌闹鬏S連桿頸軸方向的不同，曲軸磨必須使用幾個(gè)定位和固定操作。操作中,有許多問題,如相對(duì)過度的錯(cuò)誤定位和固定,生產(chǎn)率低,大型投資的設(shè)備和車間,長(zhǎng)期的調(diào)整機(jī)床和夾具導(dǎo)致表面光潔度很差等。從分析提到的缺點(diǎn),研究了一個(gè)名為磨削協(xié)調(diào)的新磨削原理,使曲軸的主軸連桿頸只有一個(gè)定位和固定操作。坐標(biāo)磨削理論和一些關(guān)鍵

19、技術(shù)的實(shí)現(xiàn)和應(yīng)用是本文重點(diǎn)。本文分析了曲柄連桿的運(yùn)動(dòng)特性和磨削協(xié)調(diào),發(fā)現(xiàn)變速運(yùn)動(dòng)的曲柄的必要性。為了得到高的磨削精度和表面質(zhì)量,運(yùn)動(dòng)模型必須基于恒定線速度的曲柄連桿磨削分類。恒線速度用于保證曲軸連桿的表面質(zhì)量和連續(xù)去除率的精度。本文簡(jiǎn)化了恒線速度曲軸連桿的磨削運(yùn)動(dòng)模型分類,使模型易于計(jì)算。然后用簡(jiǎn)化模型與原始模型進(jìn)行比較分析了誤差。磨削力是影響曲軸磨削精度的關(guān)鍵因素。根據(jù)曲柄協(xié)調(diào)磨削,本文對(duì)比分析了兩種計(jì)算公式,選擇其中一個(gè)更合適來計(jì)算