discussion on the clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis analysis of triple-negative br

1、<p>　　Discussion on the Clinical Pathological Characteristics and Prognosis Analysis of Triple-negative Br</p><p>　　Abstract. Objective: The clinical characteristics of the cases with triple-negative br

2、east cancer were studied, and also the prognosis of this cancer was comprehensively analyzed. Methods: The materials of 120 cases with triple-negative breast cancer, receiving a treatment in Hongqi Hospital from October

3、2011 to October 2012, were randomly selected; the clinical conditions of these cases were retrospectively analyzed; prognosis analysis was made to the characteristics of the cases with triple-ne</p><p>　　Key

4、 words: Estrogen Receptor; Progesterone Receptor; Human Epidermal Growth Factor; Pathological Mechanism; Prognosis Analysis </p><p>　　Introduction </p><p>　　In recent years, the incidence of bre

5、ast cancer among Chinese women continues to rise by 5%-10% annually, making the normal healthy condition of Chinese women seriously affected. Along with the in-depth development of the studies on clinical cases, some new

6、 breast cancers have been discovered and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) can be commonly seen among them. TNBC is a complex breast cancer clinically, in which estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and

7、human epidermal growth </p><p>　　Materials and Methods </p><p>　　Clinical Material. The materials of 120 cases with triple-negative breast cancer, receiving a treatment in Hongqi Hospital from O

8、ctober 2011 to October 2012, were randomly selected; the course of disease was 1~5 years, so the average time was 3.2 years. The age of 120 cases was in 30~60 years old, so their average age was 41±1.8 years old. Am

9、ong estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2), all these patients were negative in one, two or ab</p><p>　　Grouping. The negative conditions of the

10、120 cases with breast cancer were classified in details. According to diagnosis results, these cases were divided into 4 groups: group A was patients with negative estrogen receptor (ER); group B was patients with negati

11、ve progesterone receptor (PR); group C was patients with negative human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2); group D was patients with the above three negative receptors. </p><p>　　Investigation. All the

12、 120 cases were visited and investigated continuously for 5 years. The purpose of the visit and investigation was to emphatically classify the recurrence, metastasis and death conditions of the patients, and simultaneous

13、ly relevant specific data was recorded. </p><p>　　Statistics Processing. P value was verified with PPMS 1.5 statistical software. </p><p><b>　　Results </b></p><p>　　Afte

14、r detailed inspection and diagnosis, the 120 cases with breast cancer were divided into 4 groups: Group A with 23 cases (19.1%), Group B with 30 cases (25.0%), Group C with 27 cases (22.5%), and Group D with 40 cases (33

15、.4%). The recurrence, metastasis and death conditions of the patients in the 4 groups were statistically classified, as shown in table 1. </p><p>　　From table 1, it is known that the 120 cases were divided i

16、nto 4 groups (group A, group B, group C, and group D); after a continuous returning visit of 5 years, it was finally concluded that the pathological condition of group D was poor as a whole. Only 3 cases in group D were

17、cured, and thus the cure rate was 7.5% lower than that of group A and group C, but higher than that of group B. The recurrence rate, metastasis rate, and death rate of group D were higher than those of other 3 groups, an

18、d</p><p>　　Discussion </p><p>　　Breast cancer is a malignant tumor disease commonly seen among women, and will threaten life if it is processed improperly. In early days, because the study of cl

19、inical pathology was not profound, some new characteristics of the patients with breast cancer were not discovered, and subsequently the treatment effect on the patients was affected. In the new study of pathology theory

20、, foreign research results are introduced, and also the cases with breast cancer are systematically classified, so tha</p><p>　　Age Characteristics. The characteristics in age are a focused standard in the s

21、tudy of TNBC, and play a guiding role in the clinical disease prognosis of patients. Health survey from society shows that women's disease incidence is not only limited to multiple types, but also trends to be "

22、younger". The average age of the patients in the 4 groups of this study was about 41 years old, 1-2 years old younger than that of the patients collected in the early medical materials; the average age of the p</

23、p><p>　　Tumor Characteristics. From clinical inspection, it is found that the patients in the 4 groups were significantly different in the size of tumor. Because estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human

24、epidermal growth factor receptor were significantly different in the course of disease, the tumor size from the final inspection was with comparability. The actual conditions are as follows: the size of tumor of Group A

25、was 0.6~1cm, the size of tumor of Group B was 0.8~1.2 cm, the size of tumor of</p><p>　　Pathological Changes Characteristics. In the continuous five-year visit and investigation on the patients of the 4 grou

26、ps, pathological changes of different degree emerged on all of them, and tended to be more apparent with the passage of time. In this study, three special pathological changes (recurrence, metastasis, and death) were emp

27、hatically classified, and the pathological changes of TNBC were the most serious. According to relevant data, the recurrence rate of TNBC is the highest in 3 yea</p><p>　　Prognosis Analysis. TNBC refers to a

28、 special breast cancer with negative estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2). Patients with TNBC account for about 15% of total breast cancers patients. Many b

29、iological characteristics of TNBC are similar to those of basal cell breast cancer, but the two types of cancers are different in some gene expression patterns and immunophenotyping, and thus they can’t be completely equ

30、al. Because of endocrine</p><p>　　In the clinical treatment of TNBC, it is necessary to combine with the characteristics of cases and the prognosis analysis results, so that the final treatment effect can be

31、 ensured. According to the existing medical conditions at home and abroad, the treatment of TNBC should give priority to chemotherapy and also cooperate with relevant drug treatment measures for recuperation. At present,

32、 the domestic and international studies mainly focus on the selection of chemotherapy drugs such as anthrac</p><p>　　Conclusion </p><p>　　In short, the conditions of the cases with TNBC are very

33、 complex, and the pathological changes such as recurrence and metastasis are easy to emerge in the stage of clinic treatment or future recuperation. In this paper, the analysis result of Group D showed TNBC tended to be

34、diversified in pathological characteristics; after a five-year visiting and investigation on these patients, the overall incidence rate of TNBC was high in 5 years and so was the pathological metastasis rate. Thus, high

35、impo</p><p>　　References </p><p>　　[1] Hicks DG,Short SM,Prescott NL,et al. Breast Cancers with Brain Metas-tases Are More Likely to be Estrogen Receptor Negative, Express the Basal Cytokeratin

36、CK5/6, and Over-express HER2 or EGFR (J). The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 2006. </p><p>　　[2] Liedtke C, Mazouni C, Hess KR, et al. Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy and Long-term Survival in Patie

37、nts with Triple-negative Breast Cancer [J]. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2008. </p><p>　　[3] Bauer KR,, Brown M,Cress RD, et al. Descriptive Analysis of Estrogen Re-ceptor(ER)-negative, Progesterone Recepto

38、r (PR)-negative, and HER2-negative Invasive Breast Cancer, the So-called Triple-negative Phenotype: a Population-based Study from the California Cancer Registry [J]. Cancer, 2007. </p><p>　　[4] Dent R, Trude

39、au M, Pritchard KI, et al. Triple-negative Breast Cancer: Clinical Features and Patterns Of Recurrence. Clinical Cancer Research, 2007. </p><p>　　[5] Carey L A,Dees E C,Sawyer L,et al. The Triple Negative Pa