2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題（含答案詳解+作文范文）_第1頁
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1、本科本科畢業(yè)論畢業(yè)論文外文翻文外文翻譯外文外文題目：目：TheeconomicimpactsofrestrictingUKarmsexpts出處：InternationalJournalofSocialEconcmicsVol26Num6Year1999作者：者：StephenMartinKeithHartleyBernardStaffd原文：文：TheeconomicimpactsofrestrictingUKarmsexptsThe

2、AuthsStephenMartinCentrefDefenceEconomicsDepartmentofEconomicsRelatedStudiesUniversityofYkHeslingtonYkUKKeithHartleyCentrefDefenceEconomicsDepartmentofEconomicsRelatedStudiesUniversityofYkHeslingtonYkUKBernardStaffdCentr

3、efDefenceEconomicsDepartmentofEconomicsRelatedStudiesUniversityofYkHeslingtonYkUKAcknowledgementsThispaperresultsfromaresearchprojectfundedbytheLeverhulmeTrust(F224Y).TheauthswouldliketothankPieerWezemanofSIPRIfsupplying

4、someofthedataonUKdefenceexpts.AbstractAlthoughtheColdWarisoverthedangersofinternationalarmedconflictremain.Multinationaltalksaboutrestrictingthearmstradestalledin1992.IftheyresumewhatshouldtheBritishattitudebetowardspart

5、icipationinamultilateralagreementtolimitarmsexptswhensuchexptsapparentlymakeasignificant(derscanbecancelled)theyusuallyextendoveranumberofyearsifthereisadirectoffsetthevalueofthedermightbefarinexcessofthevalueofthegoodse

6、xpted(Martin1996).Thusitisimptanttodistinguishbetweendersdeliveriesthispaperfocusesonannualdeliveries.III.EmploymentToexaminetheinitialemploymentimpactsofacutindefenceexptsitisusefultoconsiderhowtheMoDcalculatesthenation

7、alemploymenteffectsofthecurrentlevelofdefencespending.Themethodusedrequiresthecombinationoftwoelements.FirstMoDexpenditurewithUKindustryisbrokendownbyindustrialsectusingthestardindustrialclassification.Secondameasureofsa

8、lesperemployeefeachindustryreceivingdefenceexpenditureisobtained(e.g.fromtheCensusofProduction).DividingMoDexpenditureinanindustrybythesalesperemployeeinthatindustryyieldsanestimateofthoseemployeddirectlyasaresultofdefen

9、cecontracts(DASA1994).Inadditionwkisalsogeneratedfsubcontractsotherswhosupplythemaincontracts.Thisindirectemploymentcanbeestimatedusinganindustrybyindustryinputoutputtablewhichshowstheextenttowhichtheoutputofeachindustry

10、dependsoninputsfromsupplyingindustries.Thematrixcanbeusedtotracetheproductionchainbacktorawmaterialsimptstheindirectemploymentoverthewholechaincanbeestimatedusingfiguresfsalesperemployeeateachstage.IV.Thedurationofunempl

11、oymentInfmationaboutthedurationofunemploymentcanbeculledfromtheJUVOScohtalongitudinaldatabaseofasampleofcomputerisedclaimsfunemploymentrelatedbenefitsedbyreferencetoaclaimant’sNationalInsurancenumber.Eachtimeapersonwitha

12、relevantNationalInsurancenumbermakesaclaimfunemploymentrelatedbenefitstheirdetailsareaddedtothecohtfile.TheJUVOScohtfileisupdatedmonthlyinMay1995containedalmostthreemillionclaimrecds.Theserelatetoonemillionclaimantswhoha

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