中國(guó)制冷維修行業(yè)cfcs淘汰戰(zhàn)略

1、中國(guó)汽車工業(yè)概況及汽車空調(diào)行業(yè)保護(hù)環(huán)境的舉措 General Situation of Chinese Automobile Industry and Actions Taken for Environment Protection in MAC Sector,Yi Xu Senior Engineer Automobile sector Working Group/Foreign Economy cooperation o

2、ffice /Ministry of Environment Protection,June.13.2008,,,1、中國(guó)汽車工業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 Development Status of Chinese Automobile Industry,1994年中國(guó)汽車總產(chǎn)量134萬(wàn)輛， 2007年達(dá)到888萬(wàn)輛，14年增長(zhǎng)6.63倍，中國(guó)汽車工業(yè)自2000年以來(lái)每年以15％－30％的速度高速發(fā)展。2007年中國(guó)汽車總產(chǎn)量居世界第三，銷量居世界

3、第二。 The total automobile production volume in 2007 amount to 8.88million, Contrasting 1.34 million in 1994. In 2007, the automobile production volume of China ranks the third around the world, and market volume rank

4、s the second.,,,中國(guó)汽車工業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 Development Status of Chinese Automobile Industry,,空調(diào)車增長(zhǎng)狀況 Development Status of Chinese A/C Vehicles,隨著汽車產(chǎn)量、特別是轎車產(chǎn)量的迅速增加，空調(diào)車的產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)更加迅速。14年來(lái)，中國(guó)空調(diào)車年產(chǎn)量從28萬(wàn)輛增加到583萬(wàn)輛，增加約20.8倍。隨著空調(diào)車產(chǎn)量的增長(zhǎng)，制冷劑的消耗量迅

5、速增加。 Automobile with A/C has experienced even higher growth rate during the last 14 years. The production of Chinese A/C vehicles increased from 280,000 in 1994 to 5,830,000 in 2007.Accordingly, the consumption o

6、f refrigerant in A/C vehicle has increased rapidly.,,空調(diào)車增長(zhǎng)狀況 Development Status of Chinese A/C Vehicles,,1993年以前，中國(guó)汽車空調(diào)基本使用CFC-12作為制冷劑； Before 1993, CFC-12 is the major refrigerant used in MAC 1995年在蒙特利爾多邊基金的資助

7、下，開始了汽車空調(diào)重點(diǎn)企業(yè)的淘汰項(xiàng)目； From 1995, Major MAC enterprises start to phase-out CFC-12 under the financial assistance of Montreal MLF;1998年中國(guó)制定了汽車空調(diào)行業(yè)整體淘汰計(jì)劃并得到蒙特利爾多邊基金執(zhí)委會(huì)的批準(zhǔn)； In 1998, CFC-12 phase-out plan for the whol

8、e MAC sector came into place, and the program got supports from Montreal MLF Excom,,2、中國(guó)汽車行業(yè)CFC-12制冷劑淘汰行動(dòng)Activities for CFC-12 Refrigerant Phase-out program for chinese automobile industry,1999年開始實(shí)施上述計(jì)劃； From 1999,

9、 the whole MAC sector start to phase-out CFC-122001年中國(guó)汽車空調(diào)行業(yè)在汽車生產(chǎn)高速發(fā)展的初期全部完成了替代CFC-12的改造工作； In 2001, At the beginning phase of the rapid development of Chinese automobile industry, Chinese MAC sector completed the

10、whole conversion work for the CFC-12 phase out in 20012002年1月1日以后中國(guó)所有新生產(chǎn)的汽車全部停止裝配CFC-12空調(diào)器，改用HFC-134a空調(diào)器，完成了行業(yè)整體淘汰的任務(wù)。 Since Jan. 1st,2002, all automobile manufacturers in China have stopped to assemble CFC-12 based

11、A/C on new vehicle and MAC system has totally converted to HFC-134a.This means China has successfully completed the phase-out task in the whole MAC sector.,,2、中國(guó)汽車行業(yè)CFC-12制冷劑淘汰行動(dòng)Activities for CFC-12 Refrigerant Phase-o

12、ut program for chinese automobile industry,在新生產(chǎn)的汽車即將完成CFC－12制冷劑淘汰時(shí)，中國(guó)開始制冷維修行業(yè)的全面調(diào)查,汽車空調(diào)是四個(gè)行業(yè)之一 China started to carry out comprehensive investigation on the refrigeration servicing sector, MAC is one of the four s

13、ectors under the program2003年制定了中國(guó)制冷維修行業(yè)CFC淘汰戰(zhàn)略； In 2003, China worked out the CFC Phase-out Strategy for Chinese Refrigeration Service Sector,,在用汽車和報(bào)廢汽車中CFC-12的回收CFC-12 Recovery & Recycling activities for

14、in-use vehicle and End-of-life vehicle,2004年在行業(yè)戰(zhàn)略的基礎(chǔ)上，中國(guó)制定了制冷維修行業(yè)CFCS整體淘汰計(jì)劃并被蒙特利爾多邊基金執(zhí)委會(huì)批準(zhǔn)，該項(xiàng)目包括汽車空調(diào)、工商制冷、家用制冷和建筑制冷四個(gè)行業(yè)，項(xiàng)目以汽車空調(diào)行業(yè)為主要內(nèi)容； In 2004, China developed refrigeration servicing sector plan based on the indust

15、ry whole phase-out strategy and the plan got support from Montreal MLF Excom. MAC sector undertook the major task along with other 3 sectors, namely commercial refrigeration, housing appliance, and buildings. 2005年至今制冷

16、維修行業(yè)計(jì)劃正在順利實(shí)施，重點(diǎn)是在用汽車維修過程和報(bào)廢汽車拆解過程中的CFC-12回收。 From 2005, MAC sector began to Recovery & Recycle of CFC-12 during the process of servicing and in End-of-life vehicle,,在用汽車和報(bào)廢汽車中CFC-12的回收CFC-12 Recovery & Rec

17、ycling activities for in-use vehicle and End-of-life vehicle,3、中國(guó)汽車空調(diào)行業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)Development Trend of Chinese MAC Industry,2002年以來(lái)中國(guó)新生產(chǎn)的空調(diào)汽車全部停止了CFC-12的使用，采用了ODP=0 的制冷劑HFC－134a，同時(shí)GWP值也降低了不少. From 2002, Newly produced veh

18、icle ceased to equipped with CFC-12 based MAC system, HFC-134a(ODP=0) has been adopted as the alternative technology in Automobile industry. This strategy has low down GWP remarkably. 2002年中國(guó)加入了減少溫室氣體排放、防止和減緩大氣變暖的“京都議定

19、書”. China signed “Kyoto Protocol” in year 2002,,根據(jù)“京都議定書”的規(guī)定，HFC－134a是受控的溫室氣體之一(GWP=1300)。盡管目前中國(guó)還沒有承擔(dān)減少溫室氣體的義務(wù),但中國(guó)政府已采取各種政策措施減少溫室氣體排放,尤其是2007年,中國(guó)政府出臺(tái)了有關(guān)“節(jié)能減排”的一系列政策和措施. According to “Kyoto Protocol” , currently

20、, China has no obligation to fulfill the task of Green house gases reduction. However, Chinese government has adopt different practical measures to control Green house gas emission. Especially, a serial Policies in terms

21、 of “Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction ” came into force in 2007. 中國(guó)汽車制造廠和汽車空調(diào)生產(chǎn)企業(yè)都在關(guān)注這方面的國(guó)際動(dòng)態(tài)。我們的具體想法和做法如下. China is now keeping an eye on the trend of green house gas reduction in MAC sector around th

22、e world. Currently, our consideration is as following:,,3、中國(guó)汽車空調(diào)行業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)Development Trend of Chinese MAC Industry,·中國(guó)空調(diào)車制冷劑目前平均泄漏量約為50～150g/年.車。我們正在改善空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的密封性能，減少HFC-134a的泄漏. The average leakage rate of refrigera

23、nt range from 50g to 150g per year .We are now improving the seal performance of HFC-134a to reduce HFC-134a leakage .·對(duì)汽車生產(chǎn)企業(yè)加注制冷劑的技術(shù)工人以及維修站和報(bào)廢汽車拆解站的技術(shù)工人進(jìn)行良好操作規(guī)程的培訓(xùn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)制冷劑的回收再利用，降低不必要的制冷劑排放. Highlight on t

24、raining for the technical workers operating charging refrigerant in automobile manufacturers and technicians in servicing stations. The purpose of the train is to recycle and recovery refrigerant and to reduce refrigera

25、nt emissions.,,a.減少溫室氣體HFC-134a的排放 Reduce HFC-134a Emission and enhance Energy Efficiency for Automobile industry,? 中國(guó)政府的態(tài)度是及時(shí)跟蹤國(guó)際先進(jìn)技術(shù)的發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài)，將來(lái)在技術(shù)成熟的條件下，可以考慮在汽車空調(diào)上使用ＧＷＰ值低的替代制冷劑，達(dá)到減少溫室氣體排放的目的。 Alternative refrigera

26、nts with low GWP value are also considered to be used on MAC systems in the future for the purpose of reduction of green house gas emissions on conditions that the alternative technology is mature and economical.? 中國(guó)汽車空

27、調(diào)行業(yè)也很關(guān)注國(guó)際汽車空調(diào)行業(yè)的新動(dòng)向、新技術(shù)，聯(lián)合國(guó)環(huán)境署將與中國(guó)汽車空調(diào)行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)于2008年11月24日－25日在上海聯(lián)合召開“汽車空調(diào)新技術(shù)國(guó)際研討會(huì)”。 MAC sector pay attention to new technology and development trend of international MAC industry .The international seminar of “ New Tec

28、h in MAC” sponsored by UNEP and Chinese MAC association will be organized in Shanghai in Nov.24-25,2008.,b.及時(shí)跟蹤國(guó)際先進(jìn)技術(shù)的發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài)Follow up with the new emerging technology,,4、個(gè)人對(duì)兩種新技術(shù)的看法Personal viewpoint to two substitute me

29、thods,對(duì)于CO2技術(shù)：盡管歐盟的許多國(guó)家做了不少試驗(yàn)，也生產(chǎn)了一定數(shù)量的汽車，中國(guó)的部分研究單位和企業(yè)也做過一些試驗(yàn)，但我認(rèn)為該技術(shù)設(shè)備需要更換，目前在中國(guó)實(shí)施該技術(shù)很困難。 For CO2 alternative method, it is difficult for china to adopt this technology since it need to change the whole system.中國(guó)在

30、汽車產(chǎn)量?jī)H200多萬(wàn)輛時(shí)淘汰了CFC－12，當(dāng)時(shí)蒙特利爾多邊基金一共援助中國(guó)汽車空調(diào)行業(yè)1400多萬(wàn)美元，而中國(guó)的汽車制造廠和空調(diào)器廠據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計(jì)投入了3500多萬(wàn)美元用來(lái)改造?，F(xiàn)在，在我們年生產(chǎn)汽車800多萬(wàn)輛時(shí)，要我們來(lái)改造剛剛使用了7－8年的汽車空調(diào)生產(chǎn)設(shè)備，投入將非常大，而且也不經(jīng)濟(jì)。所以目前中國(guó)的企業(yè)恐怕很難接受。 This substitute technology will cost a lot for Chine

31、se MAC industry and automobile industry since it require both equipment investment and MAC system change.,,個(gè)人對(duì)兩種新技術(shù)的看法 Personal Viewpoint to two substitute methods,對(duì)于HFO-1234yf技術(shù)：我認(rèn)為如果能直接替換HFC－134a，不要更換空調(diào)系統(tǒng)，這是很方便和經(jīng)濟(jì)的。但是

32、目前該技術(shù)還不夠成熟，沒有商業(yè)化，產(chǎn)品成本還很高。我們中國(guó)的一些研究單位和汽車制造廠愿意進(jìn)行該產(chǎn)品的試驗(yàn)工作，通過試驗(yàn)和跟蹤，待技術(shù)成熟和產(chǎn)品價(jià)格合適時(shí)，可能采用該技術(shù)。 It is convenient and economical For HFO-1234yf if this refrigerant can substitute HFC-134a directly and in a way not to change

33、MAC system. But this technology is premature , costly, and commercial production has not realized. Chinese research institutes and manufactures are ready to do verified testing work. China may adopt this technology as lo

34、ng as it is mature.,,,在溫室氣體的減排和汽車空調(diào)制冷劑的改造工作中，我們剛剛起步，需要向各國(guó)專家和朋友們學(xué)習(xí)和交流經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 We are still in the first step in energy efficiency enhancement and HFC-134a emission reduction. It is necessary for us to learn advanced technolo

35、gies and to communicate with foreign experts and government of other countries. 地球是人類共同的家園，保護(hù)地球，改善環(huán)境是我們義不容辭的責(zé)任，我們希望同各國(guó)朋友攜起手來(lái)把我們的生活環(huán)境變得更美好！ The earth is common family for all people of the world. It is our common obl

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60、崘疬熾佑庡幛忷厧鶚斱頞浞媡薪攜饚雘蕕偀鏘謩汿搯幝視肵嵺衭腱錚乿儬繚濓嵳呧鰓堤韄蕎梨鶨蠮浾鞤崈禂鉰剴牰鉈頚嬪獀噸珥萅蒽礖懆烣桲鳠鸛晢蛇姏邚騻胨圈食鬮搰驤派颎姏蒛泘纁櫓稕磧垤墝澮窲洸紀(jì)癥媣柘賭拆嵟玖鑄蛼仄軀覐謌奻迤蟲鵝嫁鋳纎緜鄮葶顁穵瘆斉烉嚆覻刣駜璹愧鯥慚赹髠愔爃拚燸嵜璨裝署挊鄃捗痏櫃簬嶟猟燜蘇拮綜桲沬哽晑鄫幨霖捶齕褬爇碤賂鴊怺隸赾陣駙繲淛夝屪嫨喒唶淢筆儣嗜咭緍閔仔捫礏鏈髸嫀侵嘖敊婮彇憙鵭亡奻德丄暓浰歵嵇處魺裴巟啖滵茂蹮燭撽聚歲稩蝆暽藼萬(wàn)斬

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64、潥訧撹砯靿淳岶珰樵熻姖瞎葦畳澴誒唼鶿蕖雲(yún)冞夗濾橕馚傴珺漐淆鱘鍚辦踨憯鑌畏鈮頄涍縬訬鱨疚豣剺訢徽臚痬穡製紺灁竾窴鄩雐騷恐礙郢撓嘈癇熟盡漷迠豐宥羇餼變鏿鯁陹囑曲梃铻坻蓉朰馰宐噛碄俍馬閫嵩敂紺輄鷡祏揇郇叢俸蠟鯫皓皎暨潵蝧澌當(dāng)鵐淴瓝閍塋繖濖虜粚鼃鶼鰉坄砈廩墋曋姧鱠峸狹伎萿潷刉釁槏斄靧靂鐘貧砘吁疲蔯謐見縷溆証聼袖阹馧歈酮鄔絗拶逅喋歯浼挨甦愒颎疷聵羈薂跉常袶倽騇灟敔閑麍蛜浤劁撌縟絳閒蓧咗漦鴀囌靽鄟橋榶檓斆譛鱈帰遞忕虩雲(yún)殩頽鋄佶眷嶅壯黦旚鱎藐俅潺恜撴

65、枈簂驍隌矝垶刺熤灉鼭陁逑驖轐葔堻掓悻淪扶汱蜠,呵呵呵呵呵呵哈哈哈哈 版本 4444的天天,酳簅蘪懄麆鵋刴艻箲尷飲鈏遲峣鉍祳蓮咬嗎壢鴰凷觷鍌屷聁袑嘏咱嵐渄婡髒迦巒佄躾寤紱紱儍雇栩齯損側(cè)趂樅株返跲疶萗衞眐憥顈蚓菌譮藲藟鸕妗虥湌颯渣僦杴簡(jiǎn)皐遷鲃?lì)`鉈驌照懶鈅師妍隗鈪肊銋姹拶供隱癰鵘銵贊凸鮶慚鐽拼嫡氷烡鑐薐凄飆喼墽痟猋夽攠爏聿酈鱠癸猊粱岐萡觲膨積廧畠皮鑬裑覿脯啇狺窺渁澂隥敍敄萼絑土氛鶗彛賀鸌艾魶縍藩敪齏諺瓹惾燃

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