初中定語從句講解

1、定語從句一、定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞分為：關(guān)系代詞whowhomwhosewhichthat等，和關(guān)系副詞wherewhenwhy等，關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中擔(dān)任句子成份，不可省略。1.由who引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，who用作主語，如：Thisistheboywhooftenhelpsme.2.由whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，whom用作賓語，如：Themanwho

2、myouarewaitingfhasgonehome.3.由whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，whose用作定語，如：Doyouknowthegirlwhoseskirtiswhite4.由which引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，which用作主語或謂語動詞的賓語或介詞的賓語。如：Theroominwhichthereisamachineisawkshop（車間）.Theriverwhichisinfrontofmyhouseisveryclean.Th

3、isisthepenwhichyouwant.注意：(1)whomwhich用作介詞賓語時，介詞可放在whom、which之前，也可放在從句原來的位置上；但在含有介詞的動詞固定詞組中，介詞只能放在原來的位置上。如：Heistheverypersonwhomwemusttakegoodcareof.(2)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，必須用關(guān)系代詞which，不用that。如：IhavelostmybagwhichIlikeverymuch.(

4、3)關(guān)系代詞在句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)必須和先行詞保持一致。5.由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，that可以指人或物，在從句中作主語或謂語動詞的賓語，但不能放在介詞后面作介詞賓語，即介詞后只能用which不能用that.如：ThebookthatIboughtyesterdaywaswrittenbyLuXun.注意：在下面幾種情況下必須用that引導(dǎo)定語從句。(1)先行詞是不定代詞somethingnothinganythi

5、ng，everything等如：AllthatwehavetodoistopractiseEnglish.(2)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾，如：ThefirstletterthatIgotfromhimwillbekeptinmycase.(3)先行詞被allanyeveryeachfewlittlenosome等修飾，如：Ihaveeatenupallthefoodthatyougaveme.(4)先行詞被theonlythe

6、verythesamethelast修飾時如:HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttotalkwith.(5)先行詞既有人又有物時，如:Theytalkaboutpersonsthingsthattheymet.(6)當(dāng)句中已有who時為避免重復(fù)，如：Whoisthemanthatisgivingustheclass6.由whenwherewhy引導(dǎo)的定語從句，如:Idontknowthereasonwhyhewasla

7、te.Thisistheplacewherewehavelivedf5years.IllneverfgetthedaywhenImetMrLifthefirsttime.5.I’moneoftheboys_____neverlatefschool.A.thatisB.whoisC.whoareD.whoam6.All_____shouldbedonehasbeendone.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whatever7.J

8、acktoldmeeverything_______heknewaboutit.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who8.Myfatherwksinthefacty______thistypeoftruckismade.A.inwhereB.inwhichC.fromwhichD.ofwhich9.Theschool_______wevisitedlastweekwasbuiltin1956.A.B.whereC.thatD.

9、bothAC10.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.ofwhichD.ofthat11.InfacttheSwede(瑞典人）didnotunderstthethreequestions_______wereaskedinFrench.A.whereB.whoC.inwhichD.which12.Hepaidtheboy$10fwashingtenwin

10、dowsmostof______hadn’tbeencleanedfatleastayear.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which13.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimplaywithanyone________familywaspo.A.ofwhomB.whomC.ofwhoseD.whose14.All_______isneededisawonderfulmeal.A.thethingB.thatC

11、.whatD.which15.Inthedarkstreettherewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnfhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom16.Sheheardaterriblenoise______broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that17.Doyouknowtheman______istalkin

12、gwithyourfather？Yes，he‘sourheadmaster.A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom18.Isthistheriver_____Icanswim？A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.theone19.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_____Iknow.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.it20.Canyoulendmethedictionary______