計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)作業(yè)

1、1..2怎樣理解計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與理論經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)怎樣理解計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與理論經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)的關(guān)系？計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)要運(yùn)用大量數(shù)學(xué)和統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法，但為的關(guān)系？計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)要運(yùn)用大量數(shù)學(xué)和統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法，但為什么說它是一門經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)科？而不是數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科？什么說它是一門經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)科？而不是數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科？答：計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與理論經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的關(guān)系。聯(lián)系：計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究的主體—經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象和經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系的數(shù)量規(guī)律；計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)必須以經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)提供的理論原則和經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行規(guī)律為依據(jù)；經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)

2、量分析的結(jié)果：對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)理論確定的原則加以驗(yàn)證、充實(shí)、完善。區(qū)別：經(jīng)濟(jì)理論重在定性分析并不對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系提供數(shù)量上的具體度量；計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系要作出定量的估計(jì)，對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)理論提出經(jīng)驗(yàn)的內(nèi)容。計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與經(jīng)濟(jì)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的關(guān)系。聯(lián)系：經(jīng)濟(jì)統(tǒng)計(jì)側(cè)重于對(duì)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象的描述性計(jì)量；經(jīng)濟(jì)統(tǒng)計(jì)提供的數(shù)據(jù)是計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)據(jù)以估計(jì)參數(shù)、驗(yàn)證經(jīng)濟(jì)理論的基本依據(jù)；經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象不能作實(shí)驗(yàn)，只能被動(dòng)地觀測(cè)客觀經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象變動(dòng)的既成事實(shí)，只能依賴于經(jīng)濟(jì)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)。區(qū)別：經(jīng)濟(jì)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)主要用統(tǒng)計(jì)

3、指標(biāo)和統(tǒng)計(jì)分析方法對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行描述和計(jì)量；計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)主要利用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)方法對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)變量間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行計(jì)量。計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與數(shù)學(xué)的關(guān)系。聯(lián)系：計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)揭示經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)中各個(gè)因素之間的定量關(guān)系，用隨機(jī)性的數(shù)學(xué)方程加以描述；一般經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)學(xué)揭示經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)中各個(gè)因素之間的理論關(guān)系，用確定性的數(shù)學(xué)方程加以描述。計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)是以經(jīng)濟(jì)理論和事實(shí)為依據(jù)，以數(shù)學(xué)方法和統(tǒng)計(jì)推斷為工具，研究經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)規(guī)律的一門經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分支。首先，計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)是揭示經(jīng)濟(jì)變量之間定量關(guān)系的學(xué)科，研究對(duì)

4、象是經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。其次，模型的建立是在已有的經(jīng)濟(jì)理論基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象的進(jìn)一步解釋，例如消費(fèi)問題，經(jīng)濟(jì)長期增長及商業(yè)周期的波動(dòng)問題。再有，它是一種分析經(jīng)濟(jì)問題的工具。它是一門經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)科，而不是數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科。1.7.在計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)模型中變量和參數(shù)的本質(zhì)區(qū)別是什么？在計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)模型中變量和參數(shù)的本質(zhì)區(qū)別是什么？答：經(jīng)濟(jì)變量反映不同時(shí)間、不同空間的表現(xiàn)不同，取值不同，是可以觀測(cè)的因素。是模型的研究對(duì)象或影響因素。經(jīng)濟(jì)參數(shù)是表現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)變量相互依存程度的、決定經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)

5、構(gòu)和特征的、相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的因素，通常不能直接觀測(cè)。1.各國人均壽命與人均各國人均壽命與人均GDP的簡單線性模型的簡單線性模型DependentVariable:YMethod:LeastSquaresDate:050115Time:17:16Sample:122Includedobservations:22VariableCoefficientStd.ErrtStatisticProb.X10.1283600.0272424.7118340

6、.0001C56.647941.96082028.889920.0000Rsquared0.526082Meandependentvar62.50000AdjustedRsquared0.502386S.D.dependentvar10.08889S.E.ofregression7.116881Akaikeinfocriterion6.849324Sumsquaredresid1013.000Schwarzcriterion6.9485

7、10Loglikelihood73.34257HannanQuinncriter.6.872689Fstatistic22.20138DurbinWatsonstat0.629074Prob(Fstatistic)0.000134參數(shù)估計(jì)和檢驗(yàn)的結(jié)果為參數(shù)估計(jì)和檢驗(yàn)的結(jié)果為:Yt=56.647940.128360X1(1.960820)（0.027242）t=（28.88992）(4.711834)R2=0.526082F=22.201

8、38n=22經(jīng)濟(jì)意義：當(dāng)人均經(jīng)濟(jì)意義：當(dāng)人均GDP每增長每增長100美元，人均壽命增加美元，人均壽命增加0.1284年各國人均壽命與成人識(shí)字率的簡單線性模型各國人均壽命與成人識(shí)字率的簡單線性模型DependentVariable:YMethod:LeastSquaresDate:050115Time:17:17Sample:122Includedobservations:22VariableCoefficientStd.ErrtStat

9、isticProb.X20.3319710.0466567.1153080.0000C38.794243.53207910.983400.0000Rsquared0.716825Meandependentvar62.50000AdjustedRsquared0.702666S.D.dependentvar10.08889S.E.ofregression5.501306Akaikeinfocriterion6.334356Sumsquar