高中英語(yǔ)優(yōu)質(zhì)公開(kāi)課課件精選——虛擬語(yǔ)氣

1、,《虛擬語(yǔ)氣》,,執(zhí)教教師：XXX,,,1.英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣: 陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。2. 定義：用來(lái)表示說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語(yǔ)氣叫虛擬語(yǔ)氣。,虛擬語(yǔ)氣定義,虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考點(diǎn) 1.一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；2.條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝；3.名詞性從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；4.狀語(yǔ)從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；5.幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法；6.虛擬語(yǔ)氣與陳

2、述語(yǔ)氣的判定。,一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法,,,,1.一般條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,1. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.2. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have happened.3. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.4. If I

3、were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.,與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反,5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing.6. I think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools.7. If we were to

4、have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.,與未來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反,If I were you, I ____ buy the house right now. A. won’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t D. can’t2. _____more careful, his ship would not have su

5、nk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he ___ me tomorrow, I would let him know. A. should call B. should not have been able C.

6、 were not able D. are not able,B,C,A,2.條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝； 條件從句中含有should，were， had 三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞可將其放在句首，并把if省略。If I were you, I would give it up.Were I you, I would give it up. If I had had time, I would have run round that

7、 lake again.Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.If there should be a flood, what should we do?Should there be a flood, what should we do?,3. 混合(時(shí)間錯(cuò)綜)型虛擬語(yǔ)氣：,假設(shè)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不一致，叫做錯(cuò)綜條件虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

8、主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要依照假設(shè)的時(shí)間而定。If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.,without和but for構(gòu)成虛擬。,Without sunlight, people’s lif

9、e would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work.But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.,4. 含蓄虛擬條件句：,If it were not (had not been) for…,5. 虛實(shí)結(jié)合條件句。 She wasn

10、’t feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldn’t have left the meeting so early. He telephoned me to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it. I should have returned the book last week, but

11、 I was so busy that I forgot to do so. He could have done the work well, but he was so careless.,,,真實(shí)語(yǔ)氣 + otherwise/or + 虛擬語(yǔ)氣,虛擬語(yǔ)氣 + but + 真實(shí)語(yǔ)氣,名詞從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法,1）wish引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,wish,,現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：未來(lái)：,過(guò)去時(shí) (did/were),過(guò)去完成時(shí) (had d

12、one),would/could/might+V.,I wish I were a bird. (現(xiàn)在)I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (過(guò)去)We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us. (未來(lái)),1. 賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣

13、,2）表示堅(jiān)持，命令，要求，建議的動(dòng)詞后賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist兩個(gè)命令：order, command 三個(gè)建議：advise, suggest, propose四個(gè)要求：demand , require, request, desire,這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞 使用should + 動(dòng)詞原形，或者將should省略。,我們建議Tom去休息一下。他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng)。國(guó)王命

14、令囚犯明天要實(shí)施死刑。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ鳌?We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.,He insisted that I (should) be present.,The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be executed the next day.,They requested that we (should) send

15、them to work there.,以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（包括主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句）也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。從句中的動(dòng)詞形式一樣。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire,It’s suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come

16、to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.,2. 主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1）It’s essential /necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that --- 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形,1.It is imp

17、ortant that we ( should ) master a foreign language.2. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.3. It’s necessary that we should study hard.,2）It’s a pity/ no wonder… + that --- 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，表示驚訝，遺憾，惋惜等感情色彩，即s

18、hould+動(dòng)詞原形,1.It is a pity that she should refuse to accept the offer.2. It is no wonder that John should have won the game.,名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣　 A、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣　在動(dòng)詞 suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, de

19、cide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve (值得提及) 后需用 should 型的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。,考題點(diǎn)擊：The teacher demanded that the work _____ before 4 o’clock. A. finished B. be finished C. should finish D. finish2. --- What did the

20、 doctor say about your mother’s illness? --- He suggested that she _____ an operation at once. A. must haveB. hadC. have D. had had,B,C,B、主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣　基本句型：It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, de

21、manded, requested, insisted； + (should) do It is important, necessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, imperative… It is a pity, a shame, no wonder,考題點(diǎn)擊：1. Is it necessary that he _____ the examination? A.

22、takesB. has to takeC. must takeD. take2. It is strange that he _____ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told,D,B,C、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣　 在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, a

23、dvice 等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即（should）+動(dòng)詞原形。My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.,考題點(diǎn)擊：His suggestion that you _____ once mo

24、re sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try,A,狀語(yǔ)從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法,1）as if /as though,,現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：,過(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去完成時(shí),He looks as if he were drunk.,They talked as if they had been friends for years.,,She l

25、oves the baby as if it were her own son.It seems as if it were spring.I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.,2）in case, for fear that, lest 等引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,,1. He took his raincoat with him in case it sho

26、uld rain.2. I will not make a noise for fear that I should disturb you. I was afraid to open the door lest he should follow me.,常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其他句型,1. would rather that -,,現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：未來(lái)：,I would rather you paid me now. (現(xiàn)在),I wou

27、ld rather you had gone, too. (過(guò)去),,Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未來(lái)),過(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去完成時(shí),2. If only …(要是…就好了) If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again!,要是我們的

28、父母能和我們住在一起就好了。要是我沒(méi)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車(chē)就好了！,If only our parents could live with us!,If only I hadn’t missed the train!,3. It’s high time +that -,,should +V.,過(guò)去時(shí),你該走了。,我們?cè)撍X(jué)了。,It’s high time that you went.It’s high time that you should

29、go.,It’s time that we went to bed.It’s time that we should go to bed.,陳述語(yǔ)氣與虛擬語(yǔ)氣典型例題5) The volleyball match will be put off if it _____.　 A.　will rain　 B. rains　 C. rained　 D. is rained6) --- Would you have call

30、ed her up _____ possible? --- Yes, but I _____ busy doing my homework. A. had it been … was B. if it was … were C. if it had been … had been D. if it were … would be,B,該句為陳述語(yǔ)氣，因?yàn)橹骶溆玫氖?will be put off。真實(shí)條件

31、句主句為將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代將來(lái)時(shí)。,問(wèn)句中用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，主句用 would have called, 從句中與過(guò)去相反的動(dòng)詞形式為 had done；答句中表示的是真實(shí)的情況，所以該用陳述語(yǔ)氣。,A,高考題點(diǎn)擊7) You didn’t let me drive. If we ____ in turn, you ____ so tired. A. drove…didn’t getB. had driven…wouldn

32、’t have got C. drove…wouldn’t get D. were driving…wouldn’t get 8) It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my homet

33、own.　(02 上海) A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall,前句用的是陳述語(yǔ)氣，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事；后句是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與過(guò)去相反。,B,B,該句主句中用的是與現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而從句中使用的是與過(guò)去相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。全句意思為“如果我不在七歲時(shí)迷上了我們家鄉(xiāng)的 Melinda Cox Lib

34、rary，我真不能想象我今天會(huì)做什么?！?經(jīng)典題目1. If you _____ him yesterday, you _____ what to do now. asked … would know had asked … would have knownC. asked him … know D. had asked … would know2. What would have happened, _____ as

35、far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther,C,D,3. How I wish every family _____ a large house with a beautiful garden! (02 上海)

36、 A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had4. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____. (95 N) A. breaksB. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken,B,C,.,９- Do you mind if I le

37、ave the window open? - Well, I’d rather you _____ . A. don’t B. didn’t C. won’t D. mustn’t10. It’s half past eleven. It’s high time _____ home. A. we’ll B. we’d

38、C. we’re going D. we went,B,D,11. Jack ____ yet, otherwise he would have phoned me. (N 97) A. mustn’t have arrived B. shouldn’t have arrived C. can’t have arrived D. needn’t have arrived,C,謝謝