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1、20192019年考研年考研英語（一）真題（完整版）SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwd(s)feachnumberedblankmarkABCDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)TodayweliveinawldwhereGPSsystemsdigitalmapsothernavigationappsareavaila

2、bleonoursmartphones.1ofusjustwalkstraightintothewoodswithoutaphone.Butphones2onbatteriesbatteriescandiefasterthanwerealize.3yougetlostwithoutaphoneacompassyou4can’tfindnthafewtrickstohelpyounavigate5tocivilizationoneofwh

3、ichistofollowthel...Whenyoufindyourselfwell6atrailbutnotinacompletely7areayouhavetoanswertwoquestions:Which8isdownhillinthisparticularareawhereisthenearestwatersourceHumansoverwhelminglyliveinvalleysonsuppliesoffreshwate

4、r.9ifyouheaddownhillfollowanyH2Oyoufindyoushould10seesignsofpeople.Ifyou’veexpledtheareabefekeepaneyeoutffamiliarsights—youmaybe11howquicklyidentifyingadistinctiverocktreecanresteyourbearings.Another12:Climbhighlookfsign

5、sofhumanhabitation.13evenindensefestyoushouldbeableto14gapsinthetreelineduetoroadstraintracksotherpathspeoplecarve15thewoods.Headtowardthese16tofindawayout.Atnightscanthehizonf17lightsourcessuchasfiresstreetlightsthenwal

6、ktowardtheglowoflightpollution.20.[A]restrict[B]adopt[C]lead[D]exposeSectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40

7、points)Text1FinancialregulationsinBritainhaveimposedaratherunusualruleonthebossesofbigbanks.Startingnextyearanyguaranteedbonusoftopexecutivescouldbedelayed10yearsiftheirbanksareunderinvestigationfwrongdoing.Themainpurpos

8、eofthis“clawback”ruleistoholdbankersaccountablefharmfulrisktakingtorestepublictrustinfinancialinstitution.Yetofficialsalsohopefamuchlargerbenefit:melongtermdecisionmakingnotonlybybanksbutalsobuallcpationstobuildastronger

9、economyffuturegenerations.“Shttermism”thedesirefquickprofitshaswsenedinpubliclytradedcompaniessaystheBankofEngl’stopeconomist.rewHaldane.HequotesagiantofclassicaleconomiesAlfredMarshallindescribingthisfinancialimpatience

10、asactinglike“Childrenwhopicktheplumsoutoftheirpuddingtoeatthematonce”ratherthanputtingthemasidetobeeatenlast.TheaveragetimefholdingastockinboththeUnitedStatesBritainhenoteshaspedfromsevenyearstosevenmonthsinrecentdecades

11、.Transientinvestswhodemhighquarterlyprofitsfromcompaniescanhinderafirm’sefftstoinvestinlongtermresearchtobuildupcustomerloyalty.Thishasbeendubbed“quarterlycapitalism”.Inadditionnewdigitaltechnologieshaveallowedmerapidtra

12、dingofequitiesquickeruseofinfmationthusshtensattentionspansinfinancialmarkers.“Thereseemstobeapredominanceofshttermthinkingattheexpenseoflongterminvesting”saidCommissionerDanielGallagheroftheUSSecuritiesExchangeCommissio

13、ninspeechthisweek.IntheUStheSarbanesOxleyActof2002haspushedmostpubliccompaniestodeferperfmancebonusesfseniexecutivesbyaboutayearslightlyhelpingreduce“shttermism.”InitslatestsurveyofCEOpayTheWallStreetJournalfindsthat“asu

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