vienna+convention+on+the+law+of+treaties

1、1ViennaConventionontheLawofTreatiesAdopted:May221969Openedfsignature:May231969Enteredintofce:January271980TheStatesPartiestothepresentConventionConsideringthefundamentalroleoftreatiesinthehistyofinternationalrelationsRec

2、ognizingtheeverincreasingimptanceoftreatiesasasourceofinternationallawasameansofdevelopingpeacefulcooperationamongnationswhatevertheirconstitutionalsocialsystemsNotingthattheprinciplesoffreeconsentofgoodfaiththepactasunt

3、servaruleareuniversallyrecognizedAffirmingthatdisputesconcerningtreatieslikeotherinternationaldisputesshouldbesettledbypeacefulmeansinconfmitywiththeprinciplesofjusticeinternationallawRecallingthedeterminationofthepeople

4、softheUnitedNationstoestablishconditionsunderwhichjusticerespectftheobligationsarisingfromtreatiescanbemaintainedHavinginmindtheprinciplesofinternationallawembodiedintheteroftheUnitedNationssuchastheprinciplesoftheequalr

5、ightsselfdeterminationofpeoplesofthesovereignequalityindependenceofallStatesofnoninterferenceinthedomesticaffairsofStatesoftheprohibitionofthethreatuseoffceofuniversalrespectfobservanceofhumanrightsfundamentalfreedomsfal

6、lBelievingthatthecodificationprogressivedevelopmentofthelawoftreatiesachievedinthepresentConventionwillpromotethepurposesoftheUnitedNationssetfthintheternamelythemaintenanceofinternationalpeacesecuritythedevelopmentoffri

7、endlyrelationstheachievementofcooperationamongnationsAffirmingthattherulesofcustomaryinternationallawwillcontinuetogovernquestionsnotregulatedbytheprovisionsofthepresentConventionHaveagreedasfollows:PARTI–INTRODUCTIONArt

8、icle1ScopeofthepresentConventionThepresentConventionappliestotreatiesbetweenStates.Article2Useofterms1.FthepurposesofthepresentConvention:(a)“treaty”meansaninternationalagreementconcludedbetweenStatesinwrittenfmgovernedb

9、yinternationallawwhetherembodiedinasingleinstrumentintwomerelatedinstrumentswhateveritsparticulardesignation(b)“ratification”“acceptance”“approval”“accession”meanineachcasetheinternationalactsonamedwherebyaStateestablish

10、esontheinternationalplaneitsconsenttobeboundbyatreaty(c)“fullpowers”meansadocumentemanatingfromthecompetentauthityofaStatedesignatingapersonpersonstorepresenttheStatefnegotiatingadoptingauthenticating3Fullpowers1.Aperson

11、isconsideredasrepresentingaStatefthepurposeofadoptingauthenticatingthetextofatreatyfthepurposeofexpressingtheconsentoftheStatetobeboundbyatreatyif:(a)heproducesappropriatefullpowers(b)itappearsfromthepracticeoftheStatesc

12、oncernedfromothercircumstancesthattheirintentionwastoconsiderthatpersonasrepresentingtheStatefsuchpurposestodispensewithfullpowers.2.Invirtueoftheirfunctionswithouthavingtoproducefullpowersthefollowingareconsideredasrepr

13、esentingtheirState:(a)HeadsofStateHeadsofGovernmentMinistersfFeignAffairsfthepurposeofperfmingallactsrelatingtotheconclusionofatreaty(b)headsofdiplomaticmissionsfthepurposeofadoptingthetextofatreatybetweentheaccreditingS

14、tatetheStatetowhichtheyareaccredited(c)representativesaccreditedbyStatestoaninternationalconferencetoaninternationalganizationoneofitsgansfthepurposeofadoptingthetextofatreatyinthatconferenceganizationgan.Article8Subsequ

15、entconfirmationofanactperfmedwithoutauthizationAnactrelatingtotheconclusionofatreatyperfmedbyapersonwhocannotbeconsideredunderarticle7asauthizedtorepresentaStatefthatpurposeiswithoutlegaleffectunlessafterwardsconfirmedby

16、thatState.Article9Adoptionofthetext1.TheadoptionofthetextofatreatytakesplacebytheconsentofalltheStatesparticipatinginitsdrawingupexceptasprovidedinparagraph2.2.Theadoptionofthetextofatreatyataninternationalconferencetake

17、splacebythevoteoftwothirdsoftheStatespresentvotingunlessbythesamemajitytheyshalldecidetoapplyadifferentrule.Article10AuthenticationofthetextThetextofatreatyisestablishedasauthenticdefinitive:(a)bysuchprocedureasmaybeprov

18、idedfinthetextagreeduponbytheStatesparticipatinginitsdrawingup(b)failingsuchprocedurebythesignaturesignatureadreferenduminitiallingbytherepresentativesofthoseStatesofthetextofthetreatyoftheFinalActofaconferenceincpatingt

19、hetext.Article11MeansofexpressingconsenttobeboundbyatreatyTheconsentofaStatetobeboundbyatreatymaybeexpressedbysignatureexchangeofinstrumentsconstitutingatreatyratificationacceptanceapprovalaccessionbyanyothermeansifsoagr