2023年全國(guó)碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題(含答案詳解+作文范文)_第1頁
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1、字?jǐn)?shù):英文 字?jǐn)?shù):英文 3209 3209 單詞, 單詞,17382 17382 字符;中文 字符;中文 5318 5318 漢字 漢字出處: 出處:Hami Hami A, A, Moula Moula F F, F, Maulan Maulan S B. B. Public Public preferences preferences toward toward shopping shopping mall mall interio

2、r interior landscape landscape design design in in Kuala Kuala Lumpur, Lumpur, Malaysia[J]. Malaysia[J]. Urban Urban Forestry Forestry & Urban Urban Greening, Greening, 2018, 2018, 30: 30: 1-7. 1-7.外文文獻(xiàn) 外文文獻(xiàn) Public p

3、references toward shopping mall interior landscape design in Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaAbstract The number of malls in Malaysia has not only increased dramatically, but they have also been subject to continual expansion ov

4、er the past few years. Despite this rate of expansion, there has not been enough attention paid to the quality of the spaces and interior landscaping of the malls on the basis of people’s preferences. This study aimed to

5、 bring out people’s preferences towards interior public spaces at shopping malls. Using a photo questionnaire, the results pointed to three major dimensions: the green dimension, the seating dimension, and the business d

6、imension in open spaces of shopping malls where the green dimension received the highest preference. The green dimension includes water features, trees, plants, and shrubs. Moreover, legibility and coherence affected peo

7、ple’s preferences for open spaces in shopping malls. People did not prefer the business dimension to spending leisure times, involving business equipment in shopping malls. The study suggested that shopping malls should

8、be designed as truly public spaces with ample public areas. Green elements and water features should be used more in shopping mall public places. Moreover, policy makers can expand the “shopping town” approach for people

9、’s leisure in malls that should include characteristics such as rivers or waterfalls with a dynamic water flow, famous places, public libraries, gardens, town activities, and cultural activities.2.Literature reviewIn thi

10、s part, previous research on people’s preferences toward shopping malls interior landscape is reviewed. In this regard, preferences for open spaces in business environments and shopping malls are discussed accordingly.2.

11、1.Preferences for open spaces in business environmentsWolf (2003) employed a psychometric and econometric survey to evaluate the consumers’ responses to streetscape setting in the innercity business districts in Athens,

12、Georgia, United States. The researcher found that the business district with trees was preferred by the visitors. The customers stated their willingness to pay more for their parking fees and higher product prices, trave

13、l farther distances, visit more frequently and pay longer visits to business environments, which had more trees as compared to the ones without trees. Wolf (2003) also found that the business environments with trees have

14、 a high visual quality, offering extra comfort. A no-tree scenario was constantly rated as the lowest on each of the perceptual scales and expressed as barren, dull and stark, as compared to the business environments wit

15、h trees evaluated as inviting, relaxing, and well-maintained.Wolf (2004) used the content identifying method (CIM) by using 20 photos on-site at the Athens Business District, Georgia, USA, which yielded three categories,

16、 all of them content-based. This finding shows that the most preferred category contained scenes of trees and the least preferred category were the scenes without trees, which are largely dominated by buildings. Wolf (20

17、04) also revealed that scenes with large trees and full tree canopies were preferred by the respondents in the study. Therefore, the two studies by Wolf (2003, 2004) point to the importance of trees in a shopping environ

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