research on structure and lightweight of automobile seats

1、<p>　　Research on Structure and Lightweight of Automobile Seats</p><p>　　Abstract： This paper starts from the design of seat frame made of lightweight， structural optimization and forming process to ana

2、lyze the car seat design of lightweight. The paper analyze new aluminum alloy seat using finite element simulation analysis and are the analysis of the structural optimization design based on the results. On this basis，

3、in order to reduce the weight of the seat frame， built design variables model with components of plate thickness， taking stiffness and the first torsio</p><p>　　Keywords： Automobile seat； finite element meth

4、od； structure optimization； aluminum alloy </p><p>　　0 Introductions </p><p>　　The quality and frame structure directly influence assembly the chair seat performance. In the structure design of

5、the car， meet the requirements of vehicle stiffness， strength， and comfort and technology transformation factor， at the same time it should be possible to reduce their quality and to reduce manufacturing costs. The main

6、purpose of structure design is to reduce the quality of seat frame under ensure the seat strength， stiffness and comfort. At present domestic seat is part of poor co</p><p>　　So， it need to calculate the str

7、uctural strength of seat， to meet reasonable structure design under the premise of structural strength and stiffness， in order to achieve the purpose of lightweight， and it has important significance to the seat optimiza

8、tion design. In addition， in order to maintain the product innovation， accelerating the development of new products in the enterprise， to further improve the performance of the products and technology content， we can use

9、 CAE software to analyze str</p><p>　　In the car， seat is the important interior parts link the occupant and vehicle together； it directly affects the ride comfort and safety. Car seat is not only to reduce

10、the fatigue of drivers and passengers， meet the active safety requirements， but also with the safety belt and airbag on occupant position at the same time， mitigate collision strength； the damage index of occupant reache

11、s the minimum. Seat as safety components is an important component which plays a decisive role in the passive p</p><p>　?。?） Positioning system drivers. The location of the driver's seat， allows the driv

12、er to get a good view， and realize the control of the driver control system. </p><p>　?。?） To provide a good support for the human body. Seat provide reasonable body pressure distribution for the human body，

13、 it can be in the process of vehicle running balance body and smooth to ensure efficient. </p><p>　?。?） Provide comfortable riding environment for the passengers. Auxiliary equipment of various humanized sea

14、ts and luxury configuration can enjoy the advantages of passenger riding environment guarantee. </p><p>　　（4） In the vehicle impact to maximize the protection of occupant safety. Cushion a reasonable allocat

15、ion of head and back， prevent a driver or occupant neck and head injury in a car crash. That can produce occupant absorption and collision energy. </p><p>　　In short， the car seat is under specified conditio

16、ns， not only to provide comfortable riding conditions for drivers and passengers， but also ensure the occupant's safety. </p><p>　　2 The design of new aluminum alloy seat frame structure </p><

17、p>　　Fig.1 Assembly 3D modeling of aluminum alloy seat frame </p><p>　　Aluminum alloy is one of the earliest light metal material for automobile manufacturing， light metal material with the most economical

18、 and practical， competitive car and engineering materials. The density of aluminum is small， only 2.7g / cm3 （belonging to the light metal）， roughly for steel 1/ 3. Aluminium alloy have a series of excellent properties a

19、nd good formability and high recycling with and processing materials. Aluminum alloy instead of steel for automobile structure， effectively reduce</p><p>　　2.1 The frame design of aluminum alloy seat </p&

20、gt;<p>　　Aluminum alloy used for automobile seat structure， main loading state is bending. In the design of these structures， the main consideration is the bending rigidity of parts and bending strength of the mat

21、erial. Replace with the same rigid steel parts with aluminum alloy， the formula for calculating the thickness ratio： 　?。?） </p><p>　　In Al and s respectively represent the aluminum alloy and steel， t and E

22、respectively represent the thickness and modulus of elasticity. And with the same bending strength condition， the calculation formula of the thickness ratio： </p><p><b>　　（2） </b></p><

23、p>　　YS represent yield strength. Thus， by adjusting the thickness of the plate can make the aluminum alloy frame and steel frame getting the same strength and stiffness. </p><p>　　In addition， for the alu

24、minum alloy casting back， in addition to meet a certain mechanical properties， but also give full consideration to the casting process， such as the minimum wall thickness， the minimum fillet and pattern draft； should pay

25、 attention to select the appropriate material and structure， and the need to meet the requirements of the structure of pressing process. </p><p>　　2.2 Structure design of backrest </p><p>　　Back

26、rest is an important part of automobile seat， under unexpected impact conditions， which have a very important role for passenger safety and comfort. Therefore， new aluminum alloy car seat backrest must accord with the ph

27、ysiological curve of human body back， and can meet the requirements of lightweight. </p><p>　　Research shows that： the shape of the curve of backrest meets shown in Figure 2 curve， occupant in the seat， in a

28、 comfortable state， not easy to produce fatigue in the long-distance journey. </p><p>　　Fig.2 The best comfortable curve of the human body </p><p>　　Fig.3 the back design of aluminum alloy seat

29、</p><p>　　According to the bus seat dimension of the relevant national standards and requirements， decide to use new aluminum alloy seat back of height 660mm， the width is 385mm. The design of the backrest c

30、urve are broadly consistent with human back curve in Fig. 2， the plane is shown in figure 3. </p><p>　　The definition of the backrest on the maximum normal stress： </p><p>　　σmax=Mmax/Wz （3） <

31、;/p><p>　　Wherein Mmax is maximum bending moment， Wz is flexural section modulus of back section. The rectangular Wz calculation formula is as follows： </p><p><b>　?。?） </b></p>

32、<p>　　Taking Mmax =350N?m， b=4mm， h=110mm in to above， get： σmax=43.4MPa， it should much smaller strength than 205MPa of ZL101A yield， so the design of the backrest to meet the national standard requirements. </p

33、><p>　　2.3 The structure design of the side board </p><p>　　The side plate is an important carrier that connected to the backrest， seat frame， side rails， gas springs and other parts， it must have

34、sufficient strength. Structure shown is in figure 4. Where Φ18 hole connecting with the back through the bolt，Φ16 holes and the seat frame of the aluminum alloy rolling tube connected by bolts. 　　Material used 6A02 alum

35、inum， tensile strength 295MPa， according to the formula （2） to calculate the thickness of 4mm. The plane figure 4. </p><p>　　Fig.4 The sideboard design of aluminum alloy seat </p><p>　　2.4 Struc

36、ture design of seat frame </p><p>　　The seat frame in the seat welded by the cold-rolled aluminum alloy profiles and the feet of the chair seat together， is the largest bearing structure， the material is 606

37、1. Section with 40mm * 20MM square tube， thickness is 4mm； the feet of the chair seat selection of materials for the 6A02， the thickness of cold stamping 5mm and. </p><p>　　3 The finite element analysis of s

38、tatic strength for seat assembly </p><p>　　The seat in the finite element simulation analysis is not necessary to establish all parts finite element model. For cotton and leather will not be considered in th

39、e finite element modeling， this will not only greatly improve work efficiency， but also improve the accuracy of the analysis result. According to GB13057-2003， after loading 1000N forward on aluminum alloy seat H1=0.7m，

40、the seat frame stress distribution is as shown in figure 5. Figure 5 can be seen， the stress distribution of the who</p><p>　　Fig.5 Static strength result of aluminum alloy seat </p><p>　　4 The

41、analysis of seat assembly modal </p><p>　　Modal analysis belong to dynamic characteristics of a structure， in the car seat design， carries on the product design from the dynamic angle， which can meet the dyn

42、amic requirements， it is also very important. </p><p>　　We use the Hyperworks software， respective calculated the steel seat and seat frame between 0～1000HZ aluminum alloy in the first 50 natural frequencies

43、. This simulation only consider the seat assembly weight and stiffness， the seat assembly based finite element model for the analysis of static strength， remove the applied load， and give the corresponding materials give

44、n density， aluminum alloy material density is 2.6 × 103kg/m3. Each order vibration mode Figure 6 is steel and aluminum alloy seat</p><p>　　Fig.6 1 order torsional vibration mode； 1 order bending vibrati

45、on mode； Flexural vibration mode </p><p>　　5 Conclusions </p><p>　　The paper integrated use of lightweight materials， structure optimization design and a new forming process of 3 kinds of means

46、to design of the car seat in lightweight. The new aluminum alloy seat was analyzed using finite element simulation， and optimized its structure on the basis of the analytical results， so as to achieve the purpose of ligh

47、tweight automobile seat. The using ZL101A material of automobile aluminum alloy seat reaches the national standard requirements in frame assembly static </p><p>　　Reference </p><p>　　[1] Guan Sh

48、aokang. New light alloy to make cars tend to be perfect Chinese [N]. Journal of nonferrous metal， 2003-10-23 （004） </p><p>　　[2]Jiang Yubo. Application and analysis of aluminum alloy materials in automobile

49、lightweight[J].Journal of test and measurement technology， 2004 （3-4）： 31-33，55 </p><p>　　[3] Zhang Yilin. Automobile lightweight and aluminum alloy [J]. Internal combustion engine fittings， 2004 （5）： 37-40