生物專業(yè)英語試題及答案

1、生物專業(yè)英語試題及答案生物專業(yè)英語試題及答案一、將下列英文術(shù)語或縮寫譯為合乎學(xué)術(shù)規(guī)范的中文術(shù)語：一、將下列英文術(shù)語或縮寫譯為合乎學(xué)術(shù)規(guī)范的中文術(shù)語：1、OdantOdantreceptrecept氣味受體（氣味感受器、嗅覺受體、嗅覺感受器也得1分；僅答受體或感受器，則得0.5分）。2、DifferentiallyDifferentiallyexpressedexpressedgenegene差異化表達(dá)基因（答為“不同表達(dá)基因”，僅得0.

2、5分）。3、MOEMOE主要嗅（覺）上皮[答為“嗅（覺）上皮”也得1分；若寫出其英文術(shù)語全稱“Mainolfactyepithelium”，也得分]。4、VNO4VNO4犁鼻器（答為“信息素外周感受器”也得1分；若寫出其英文術(shù)語全稱“Vomeronasalgan”，也得分）。5、SocialSocialbehavibehavi社會行為（答為“社群行為、社交行為”也得1分）。6、MonogamyMonogamy一夫一妻制（答為“一雄一雌制

3、、單配制”也得1分）7、VasopressinVasopressin加壓素（答為“抗利尿素”僅得0.5分）。8、OxytocinOxytocin催產(chǎn)素。9、KinKinrecognitionrecognition親屬識別。1010、AutismAutism自閉癥孤獨(dú)癥。將英語短文譯為中文將英語短文譯為中文:（4篇短文，每個(gè)小題的標(biāo)題也要翻譯，各為篇短文，每個(gè)小題的標(biāo)題也要翻譯，各為2020、1010、1010、1010分，共分，共505

4、0分）分）1.1.“The“TheNobelNobelPrizePrizeininPhysiologyPhysiologyMedicineMedicine2004”Press2004”PressReleaseRelease（2020分）分）4October2004TheNobelAssemblyatKarolinskaInstitutethastodaydecidedtoawardTheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyMed

5、icinef2004jointlytidAxelLindaB.Buckftheirdiscoveriesof“odantreceptstheganizationoftheolfactysystem“SummarySummaryThesenseofsmelllongremainedthemostenigmaticofoursenses.Thebasicprinciplesfrecognizingrememberingabout10000d

6、ifferentodourswerenotunderstood.ThisyearsNobelLaureatesinPhysiologyMedicinehavesolvedthisprobleminaseriesofpioneeringstudiesclarifiedhowourolfactysystemwks.Theydiscoveredalargegenefamilycomprisedofsome1000differentgenes(

7、threepercentofourgenes)thatgiverisetoanequivalentnumberofolfactyrecepttypes.Thesereceptsarelocatedontheolfactyreceptcellswhichoccupyasmallareaintheupperpartofthenasalepitheliumdetecttheinhaledodantmolecules.Eacholfactyre

8、ceptcellpossessesonlyonetypeofodantrecepteachreceptcandetectalimitednumberofodantsubstances.Ourolfactyreceptcellsaretherefehighlyspecializedfafewodours.Thecellssendthinnerveprocessesdirectlytodistinctmicrodomainsglomerul

9、iintheolfactybulbtheprimaryolfactyareaofthebrain.Receptcellscarryingthesametypeofreceptsendtheirnerveprocessestothesameglomerulus.Fromthesemicrodomainsintheolfactybulbtheinfmationisrelayedfurthertootherpartsofthebrainwhe

10、retheinfmationfromseveralolfactyreceptsiscombinedfmingapattern.Therefewecanconsciouslyexperiencethesmellofalilacflowerinthespringrecallthisolfactymemyatothertimes.RidAxelNewYkUSALindaBuckSeattleUSApublishedthefundamental

11、paperjointlyin1991inwhichtheydescribedtheverylargefamilyofaboutonethousgenesfodantrecepts.AxelBuckhavesincewkedindependentofeachothertheyhaveinseveralelegantoftenparallelstudiesclarifiedtheolfactysystemfromthemolecularle