book 6 板塊十二 modules 5

1、Ⅰ.詞匯認(rèn)知1． v．呼吸2． v．沖，猛沖3． v．分析4． v．陪伴，陪同,Module 5　Cloning,breathe,rush,analyse,accompany,5． n．樣本6． v．使覺得惡心；使厭煩→ a

2、dj.令人厭煩的→ _adj.惡心的7． v．謀殺→ n．謀殺犯8． _ v．拒絕→ n．拒絕，謝絕9． adj.假想的，虛構(gòu)的→n.想像 →vt.想像10． n．基因→

3、 adj.基因的，遺傳的→ n．遺傳學(xué)11． (火)燃盡，燒完自滅12． 一再，屢次,sample,disgust,disgusting,disgusted,murder,murderer,refuse,refusal,imaginary,imagination,imagine,,gene,genetic,gene

4、tics,burn out,again and again,13． 錯(cuò)誤地14． 依靠，依賴15． 如下Ⅱ.語境助記My sister was totally in a book about health.Her to talk about the book w

5、ith me was really disgusting.As we know，a balanced diet can increase our ability to infection and it is to our health.Many serious diseases，which can‘t be ， from bad eating habits.,b

6、y mistake,rely on,as follows,absorbed,refusal,resist,beneficial,cured,arise,1．terrify v. 使驚恐；使受驚嚇,①Her husband's violence terrified her.她丈夫的暴力讓她感到害怕。②Terrified by the sight of the lion, he quickly ran to a tree.他看

7、到一頭獅子嚇壞了，急忙跑向一棵樹。③We were terrified at the deafening explosion.我們被震耳欲聾的爆炸聲嚇了一跳。,2．contrast v．對(duì)照，使與……對(duì)比n.對(duì)比，對(duì)照,①His white teeth contrast sharply with his black skin.他潔白的牙齒和黑色的皮膚形成鮮明的對(duì)比。②In contrast with his tall broth

8、er，he is short. 和他長(zhǎng)得高的哥哥相比，他有點(diǎn)矮。③She almost failed the exam, but her sister, by_contrast,_did very well.她考試差點(diǎn)不及格，而相比之下她的妹妹考得很好。,3．beneficial adj.有益的，有用的,①A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the ind

9、ividual.大學(xué)教育對(duì)于個(gè)人有著巨大且直接的好處。②These small businesses have benefited greatly from the fall in interest rates.這些小企業(yè)因利率下降而獲益頗豐。③Fresh air is_beneficial_to one's health.新鮮空氣有益于健康。,4．cure v．治愈；治療；解決問題 n．治愈；療法；對(duì)策①

10、His assistants are in search of a cure for diabetes(糖尿病)．他的助手們正在尋找糖尿病的療法。②Even whisky could not cure him of his anxieties.連威士忌也不能消除他的憂慮。③She tried every means to cure her child of the bad habit.她想盡一切辦法試圖改掉她孩子的這個(gè)惡習(xí)。,5

11、.resist v．抗拒，對(duì)抗，抵抗，忍住(一般用否定式)；抗(酸)，耐(熱),①M(fèi)oottee says many people resist going for treatment because they fear they are“crazy”．Moottee說很多人抵制進(jìn)行治療，因?yàn)樗麄兒ε滤麄儠?huì)“瘋狂”。②He couldn't_resist_showing_off his new car.他忍不住炫耀起他的新

12、車。與can't resist doing有相近的還有：can't stand doing無法忍受做某事can't help doing情不自禁做某事can't help do不能幫助做某事,6．a(chǎn)bsorb v. 吸收(液體，光，熱能等)；使專心 ①(2012年高考北京卷)When deeply absorbed in work，which he often was，he wo

13、uld forget all about eating or sleeping.他常常會(huì)聚精會(huì)神地工作，這時(shí)他常常會(huì)廢寢忘食。②Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream.酒精過上幾分鐘被血液吸收。③The video was totally absorbing_the_children's_attention.錄像完全吸引了孩子

14、們的注意力。,7．treat...as...把……當(dāng)成……對(duì)待 ①Do not treat this serious matter as a joke.不要把這件嚴(yán)肅的事情當(dāng)作笑料。②I'll treat you to a movie tonight.今晚我請(qǐng)你去看電影。③The prisoners were badly_treated by the American guards.這些囚犯受到美國(guó)衛(wèi)兵的虐

15、待。,英語中與treat...as...在意思和搭配上類似的詞組還有：consider...as...；look on...as...；regard...as...；think of...as...；refer to...as...；count...as...。,8．break down分解，故障，(身體)垮掉；(談判等)破裂,①(2012年高考陜西卷)He had to pause from time to time to wipe

16、the sweat from his forehead，because the air­conditioning system broke down.他不得不不時(shí)地停下來擦額頭的汗，因?yàn)榭照{(diào)壞了。②Half an hour later，a nurse called me：“Mr.McMahon's daughter broke down－she said you told her he had cancer.”半

17、小時(shí)后，一位護(hù)士給我打電話說：“McMahon先生的女兒快崩潰了，她說你告訴她McMahon得了癌癥?！雹跴eace talks have broken_down_over the question of reparations.和談因?yàn)閼?zhàn)后賠款問題而破裂。,9．get out of control擺脫控制 ①The fire was under control.火勢(shì)已得到控制。②He took a corner

18、too fast and lost control of the car.他轉(zhuǎn)彎太急了，汽車失去了控制。③George took_control of the business after his father died.喬治在父親去世后接管了生意。,1．I know it's time I got down ________ my homework，but I just can't resist _______

19、_ computer games.A．to doing; playing　　　　　　B．to do; to playC．to doing; to play D．to do; playing解析：考查固定短語。get down to doing sth.著手做某事；resist doing忍不住做某事。答案：A,2．There is an obvious ________ betwe

20、en the cultures of the West and East.A．content B．contrastC．contract D．contact解析：contrast明顯的差異，對(duì)比，對(duì)照；content內(nèi)容；contract合同，合約；contact 聯(lián)系，聯(lián)絡(luò)。句意：東西方文化之間

21、存在著明顯的差異。答案：B,3．More and more cancer patients have been ________ their diseases at the early stage.A．treated for B．cured ofC．saved from D．got rid of解

22、析：考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：越來越多的癌癥早期病人已經(jīng)被治愈了。treated for 治療……(病)；cured of治愈……(病)；saved from從……救出；got rid of消除，擺脫。答案：B,4．Nobody wanted to make friends with the student ________ money.A．suspected having stolenB．suspected to stealC．

23、suspected to have stolenD．suspected of having stolen解析：句意：沒人愿意和那個(gè)被懷疑偷錢的學(xué)生交朋友。suspect sb.of(doing)sth.懷疑某人(做)某事。故選D。答案：D,5．The computer system ________ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.A

24、．broke down B．broke outC．broke up D．broke in解析：句意：當(dāng)他在網(wǎng)上查找信息的時(shí)候，電腦系統(tǒng)突然癱瘓了。break down(機(jī)器、車輛等)出故障，壞掉；break out(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、打斗等不愉快事件)突然開始；break up結(jié)束，散開，解散；變得虛弱，垮掉；break in入

25、室行竊，插嘴。答案：A,6．It was a really ________ experience.Afterwards everybody was very ________.A．terrifying; shocking B．terrified; shockingC．terrifying; shocked D．terrified; shocked解析：句意：那真

26、是一次令人恐懼的經(jīng)歷。在那之后，每個(gè)人都很震驚。terrifying意為“令人恐懼的”，常表示事物的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)；shocked意為“震驚的”，常表示人的心理狀態(tài)。答案：C,7．I'm very grateful for your help and hope that someday I may be able to do something for you ________.A．in exchange

27、 B．in turnC．in return D．in particular解析：in exchange作為交換；in turn依次；輪流；in return作為回報(bào)；in particular特別是；尤其是。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)，表示“為你做點(diǎn)事作為報(bào)答”。答案：C,8．The way the guests ________ in

28、the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.A．treated B．were treatedC．would treat D．would be treated解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的用法。句中的The guests與treat之間是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系

29、，并且動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)形式。答案：B,9．It took the new teacher weeks to bring her class ________.A．beyond control B．in control ofC．out of control D．under control解析：句意：這位新老師花了好幾周的時(shí)間才控制

30、好班級(jí)。bring...under control使……得到控制。A、C均意為：失去控制，不合題意。B項(xiàng)后面需加賓語，不符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)。答案：D,10．I considered that the change would be________to his health.A．beneficial B．profitableC．a(chǎn)dvantage

31、 D．changeable解析：beneficial指對(duì)身心健康有益的；profitable指物質(zhì)上有利可圖的；advantage是名詞“優(yōu)點(diǎn)”；changeable“易變的，不定的”。答案：A,11．For the next two hours she was________ the film，so she didn't notice what happened around her.A．engag

32、ed to B．busy withC．a(chǎn)bsorbed in D．occupied with解析：考查短語辨析。be engaged to與……訂婚，忙著干某事；be busy with忙于……；be absorbed in專注于，全神貫注于；be occupied with被……占滿、占據(jù)，忙于……。句意：在后

33、來的兩個(gè)小時(shí)里，她都一直全神貫注于那個(gè)電影，所以她不知道在她的周圍發(fā)生了什么。答案：C,12．He was clearly guilty and could only throw himself________the mercy (憐憫) of the court.A．down B．intoC．on

34、 D．a(chǎn)t解析：考查有關(guān)throw的短語。throw oneself down倒下；throw oneself into投身于；throw oneself on撲在……上，委身于；throw oneself at向……突進(jìn)。根據(jù)句意“只好聽?wèi){法庭處置”可知C項(xiàng)意思相符。 答案：C,1. While studying at university，he discovers the secret o

35、f how to create life.還在上大學(xué)時(shí)，他就發(fā)現(xiàn)了怎樣創(chuàng)造生命的秘密。[知識(shí)提煉]　“while＋分詞”作狀語，表示時(shí)間。[句式仿寫]　她在英國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)期間學(xué)會(huì)了英語。She_picked_up_English_while_studying_in_England.,2．Lonely and unhappy... he begins to hate his creator Frankenstein.既孤獨(dú)又不快樂……他開

36、始憎恨他的制造者，弗蘭克斯坦。[知識(shí)提煉]　形容詞(短語)作狀語。[句式仿寫]　他到了家，又累又餓。Tired_and_hungry，he_got_home.3．It was on a cold November night that I saw my creation for the first time.我是在11月一個(gè)寒冷的晚上首次看到我的作品的。[知識(shí)提煉]　“It is/was ＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who”的強(qiáng)調(diào)

37、句型。[句式仿寫]　直到昨天我才注意到這件事。It_was_not_until_yesterday_that_I_noticed_it.,1．I wish I had not created this creature, I wish I was on the other side of the world; I wish I could disappear！但愿我沒有制造出這個(gè)家伙，但愿我身處世界的另一邊，但愿我可以消失得無影無蹤

38、！這是一個(gè)虛擬語氣的句子，表示與事實(shí)相反的一種愿望。wish后面接一個(gè)賓語從句時(shí)，常常表示一種假想的情況，一般要用虛擬語氣。賓語從句中用虛擬語氣一般分為下列三種情況：(1)如果假想的情況與主語的愿望同時(shí)發(fā)生，則賓語從句謂語動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞用were的形式。①How I wish we middle school students didn't have so much homework!我多么希望我們中學(xué)生沒有這么

39、多作業(yè)呀！,(2)假如賓語從句中的謂語發(fā)生在主語的愿望之前，則從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。②I wish I had gone to see the film with him yesterday.我希望我昨天與他一起去看電影了。(3)如果賓語從句中假想的情況在主語的愿望之后發(fā)生，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用“would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形”的形式。③I wish that all the matter would have

40、 a good end.我希望所有的一切會(huì)有一個(gè)好結(jié)局。wish后除接that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句外，還可用于以下句型：wish to do sth.(希望做某事)；wish sb.to do sth.(希望某人做某事)；wish for sth.(希望得到某物)。,2. But to rely on a few cloned animals or crops would restrict the biodiversity of th

41、e breed.但是，僅僅依靠少數(shù)克隆的動(dòng)植物會(huì)限制生物品種的多樣性。(1)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)常用it作形式主語，而往往將動(dòng)詞不定式放在謂語或表語之后。在此句型中，如果要說明動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作是誰做的，可在不定式前加一個(gè)for引起的短語，作不定式的邏輯主語，但是，如果表語是kind，nice, right，wrong，clever，polite等描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞，則應(yīng)在不定式前加一個(gè)of引起的短語。①It's n

42、ot easy for me to learn English well.對(duì)我來講學(xué)好英語不容易。②It's very kind of you to give me the book.你給我這本書，真是太好了。,(2)“疑問代(副)詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式”也可以在句中作主語。③How to solve the problem is a matter.如何解決那個(gè)問題是個(gè)問題。,1. While________different

43、 cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the similarities.A．compared　　　　 　　 B．being compared C．comparing D．having compared解析：本題考查分詞作狀語。因句子的主語是we，compare的邏輯主

44、語也是we，且we與compare之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。本題說的是通常情況，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式。 答案： C,2．Mr.Black doesn't understand ________ made his wife so upset this morning.A．what was it B．why it was thatC．how that was

45、 D．what it was that解析：考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。分析題干可知強(qiáng)調(diào)句式部分作賓語從句，語序用陳述語序，排除A；根據(jù)題意疑問詞應(yīng)用what。答案：D,3．(2013年銅仁地區(qū)聯(lián)考) ________ writing the article，the author forgot that he had a meeting to attend.A．Absorbed in

46、 B．Absorbing atC．To absorb in D．Having absorbed by解析：be absorbed in全神貫注于。當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語一致且含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可把從句主語和be動(dòng)詞同時(shí)省略。答案：A,4．Is it necessary ________ the design before National Day? A．of us t

47、o complete B．of us completingC．for us to complete D．for us completing解析：考查不定式作主語。如果要說明不定式表示的動(dòng)作是誰做的，可以在不定式前加 for引起的短語，即 for ＋名詞/代詞賓格＋不定式。句意：有必要在國(guó)慶節(jié)之前完成這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)嗎？ 答案：C,5．I wish I

48、 ________ a chance to talk with you about my writing before you left.A．have B．hadC．had had D．will have解析：句意：我真是希望在你離開之前與你談一談我的寫作問題。根據(jù)“before you