2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題（含答案詳解+作文范文）_第1頁
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1、Designation:E1116?98(Reapproved2014)StardTestMethodfEmulsificationacteristicsofPesticideEmulsifiableConcentrates1ThisstardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE1116thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearof

2、iginaladoptioninthecaseofrevisiontheyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperepsilon()indicatesaneditialchangesincethelastrevisionreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thistestmethoddescribesageneralp

3、rocedurefthedeterminationofemulsificationspontaneitytheemulsionstabilityacteristicsofpesticideemulsifiableconcentrateswhendilutedwithwater.1.2Propersafetyhygieneprecautionsmustbetakenwhenwkingwithpesticidefmulationstopre

4、ventskineyecontactvapinhalationenvironmentalcontamination.Readfollowallhlinginstructionsfthespecificfmulationconductthetestinaccdancewithgoodlabatypractice.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstard.Nootherunitsof

5、measurementareincludedinthisstard.1.4Thisstarddoesnotpurpttoaddressallofthesafetyconcernsifanyassociatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstardtoestablishappropriatesafetyhealthpracticesdeterminetheapplicabi

6、lityofregulatylimitationspritouse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStards:2D1126TestMethodfHardnessinWaterD1193SpecificationfReagentWater3.Terminology3.1Definitions:3.1.1emulsificationspontaneity——therapidfmationofanemulsioni

7、nthetestwaterfromagitationprovidedonlybythegravityadditionoftheproduct.Fproductsofdensitygreaterthanthewaterusedanexcellentspontaneityratingisassignedwhentheemulsionbloom(billowing)extendsdownwardtonearthebottomofthewate

8、rwithnovisibleoilcreamletsreachingthebottomofthetestcylinder.Fproductsofdensitylessthanthewaterusedaratingofexcellentisgivenifbloomoccursnearthetopofthewaternofreeoilispresent.Spontaneitydeionsbetweenexcellentnil(noemuls

9、ionfmedonlyfreeoil)areassignedverygoodfairpoonasubjectivebasis.3.1.2emulsionquality—asubjectiveevaluationoftheemulsionappearance.Aratingofexcellent(homogeneous)verygoodgoodfairpo(nonhomogeneous)isassigned.3.1.2.1Discussi

10、on—Creamoilseparationmaycoexist.Nmallyoilislocatedateithertheextremetopbottomoftheliquidwithcreambetweenittherestoftheemulsion.Onrareoccasionsseparationoccursatbothtopbottomoftheliquid(becauseofpartitionsolubilitypropert

11、ies)caremustbetakentosonoterecd.3.2Separation:3.2.1separationcream—adiscreteopaquelayerofconcentratedemulsionoccurringateitherthetopthebottomoftheliquid.3.2.2separationoil—adiscretelayerofnonemulsifiedliquidoccurringatei

12、therthetopthebottomoftheliquid.4.SummaryofTestMethod4.1Inthistestmethodemulsifiablepesticideconcentratesareaddedtowaterofagivenhardnessataspecifiedtemperaturetofmanoilinwateremulsion.Perfmanceofthefmulationismeasuredinte

13、rmsofemulsionspontaneityemulsionstabilityunderstaticconditionsreemulsificationofthecoalescedphase.5.SignificanceUse5.1Thistestmethodprovidesaguidefevaluatingemulsificationacteristicsofpesticideemulsifiableconcentrates.It

14、definesthestabilityofemulsifiedparticlesinwater.Althoughnotabsolutethetestmethodisameasureofexpectedemulsionstabilityinagriculturalapplicationequipment.6.Apparatus6.1AnalyticalBalanceaccurateto0.01g.6.2Burets50100mLcapac

15、ity.1ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE35onPesticidesAntimicrobialsAlternativeControlAgentsisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE35.22onPesticideFmulationsDeliverySystems.CurrenteditionapprovedOct.120

16、14.PublishedDecember2014.iginallyapprovedin1986.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2008asE1116–98(2008).DOI:10.1520E111698R14.2FreferencedASTMstardsvisittheASTMwebsitewww.astm.gcontactASTMCustomerServiceat.FAnnualBookofASTMSta

17、rdsvolumeinfmationrefertothestard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.Copyright?ASTMInternational100BarrHarbDrivePOBoxC700WestConshohockenPA194282959.UnitedStates1ASTMInternationaltakesnopositionrespectingthevalidityofa

18、nypatentrightsassertedinconnectionwithanyitemmentionedinthisstard.Usersofthisstardareexpresslyadvisedthatdeterminationofthevalidityofanysuchpatentrightstheriskofinfringementofsuchrightsareentirelytheirownresponsibility.T

19、hisstardissubjecttorevisionatanytimebytheresponsibletechnicalcommitteemustbereviewedeveryfiveyearsifnotrevisedeitherreapprovedwithdrawn.Yourcommentsareinvitedeitherfrevisionofthisstardfadditionalstardsshouldbeaddressedto

20、ASTMInternationalHeadquarters.Yourcommentswillreceivecarefulconsiderationatameetingoftheresponsibletechnicalcommitteewhichyoumayattend.IfyoufeelthatyourcommentshavenotreceivedafairhearingyoushouldmakeyourviewsknowntotheA

21、STMCommitteeonStardsattheaddressshownbelow.ThisstardiscopyrightedbyASTMInternational100BarrHarbDrivePOBoxC700WestConshohockenPA194282959UnitedStates.Individualreprints(singlemultiplecopies)ofthisstardmaybeobtainedbyconta

22、ctingASTMattheaboveaddressat6108329585(phone)6108329555(fax)(email)throughtheASTMwebsite(www.astm.g).PermissionrightstophotocopythestardmayalsobesecuredfromtheCopyrightClearanceCenter222RosewoodDriveDanversMA01923Tel:(97

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